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Epi Final > DDX > Flashcards

DDX Flashcards

1
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious respiratory diseases of cattle (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

B:
brdc (multocida, hemolytica, mycoplasma, histophilus somni, trueperella, TB, contagious bo pleuropneumoniae (mycoplasma)

V:
PI3, BRsyncytical virus, Adeno/orthorep pneumoenteritis, Bluetongue, malign catarrhal fever
IBR, corona

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2
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious enteric diseases of cattle (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria
- e. Coli, campylobacteri, salmonella, clostridia, paratuberculosis, (necrobacillosis, actinomycosis - lumpy jaw, actinobacillosis - wood tongue)

Virus
- corona, rota, adeno/orthoreo pneumoenteritis, BVDV,

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3
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious abortions of cattle (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: facultative, chlamydia, histophilus somni, brucella, campylobacteriosis, lepto, mycoplasmosis, Q fever

Viruses: BVD, IBR, akabane, malignant catarrhal fever, LSD, (rinderpest)

Brucella is mandatory to look for (and free!)

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4
Q

Differential diagnosis of bovine diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: young(chlamydia, G), botulism, listeria

Viruses: rabies, IBR, BVD, BSE

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5
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious respiratory diseases of swine (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: s. Suis, glassers, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae/suis, m. Hyopneumoniae/horhinis/hyosynoviae, tuberculosis bovis, pasturella, atrophic rhinitis, bordetella bronchiseptica, anthrax

Viruses: PCV-2 (PWMS, PRCD), swine influenza, PRRS, aujeszky, inclusion body rhinitis, corona, ASF, CSF,

Unweaned sneeze: PRRS, inclusion body rhinitis
Weaned cough: PRRS, inflenza, CSF, aujeszky

Resp complexes! Weight, cough index…

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6
Q

187 - Differential diagnosis of infectious enteric diseases of swine (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions)

A

Bacteria: c. Difficile, perfringens A, C, coli enteritis, spirocheates (brachyspira pilosicoli), swine dysentery (brachyspira hyodys), proliferative enteropathies, su typhoid…

Virus: corona(TGE, PED, porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis), rota, circo, adeno, astro, calici, toro, asf, csf, aujesky

Most common:
Nursing: c. Difficile, perfringens A/C, coli enteritis
Weaners: coli enteritis, salmonella, spirocheates, lawsonia, swine dysentery
Growers, finishers: salmonella, spirocheates, lawsonia, swine dysentery

If vomiting: TGE, PED, aujesky!! After weaning can see in rota csf asf too

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7
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious abortions of swine (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions

A

Bacteria: erysipelas(acute septicemia form), strept, staph, T pyogenes, brucella, erythrozoonosis (mycopl)

Virus: parvo, PRRS, aujesky, circo, asf, csf, influenza, (bvd, border disease…)

Asympt sows?
Sows and gilts?
Sudden, slow?

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8
Q

Differential diagnosis of porcine diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: s. Suis, glasser, m hyorhinis+hyosynoviae, tetanus, botulism, brucella(vert abcess), edema disease, (otitis media)

Virus: aujeszky, porcine haemaggl encephalomyelitis, teshen/talfan, congenital tremor(shaking piglets, unknown background), asf, csf, rabies, nipah, encephalomyocarditis

Suckling: s. Suis, pseudorabies
Weaned-adult: same, edema disease, otitis media
Grower: auj vaxed? S. Suis, edema disease, salt poisening

(Salt intoxication)
Temp? Age? Onset?

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9
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious abortions of horses (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacterial: contagious equine metritis, endometrial fibrosis, ascending infection (enterobact), haematogenous (chlamydia, lepto, salmonella, brucella aborticus)

Virus: EHV-1(months after infection, equine viral arteritis (asap or weeks after)

Vax?(EHV-1/4, viral arteritis), Time of abortion?(viruses!)

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10
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious respiratory diseases of horses (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: glanders/malleus, pseudomallei, strangles, streptococcus suis subsp epizooepidemicus, r. Equi

Viruses: equine influenza, EHV, infectious arteritis, adeno, African horse sickness, hendra

Fast spread? Influenza, EHV-1,
LN/abcess? R equi, strangles
Other organs? EHV-1, arteritis
Young? EHV 1, 4, reo

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11
Q

Differential diagnosis of equine diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: tetanus, botulism
Viruses:rabies, EHV-1/(4), equine encephalitis viruses (W, E, V), west nile, borna (sad horse)

Sampling for serology or for the detection of causative agent is recommended simultaneously with treatment, testing for rabies from cerebrum of deceased animals may be required - early treatment crucial!! Isolate, rest

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12
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious respiratory diseases of sheep and goats (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: pasturella, chlamydia, mycopl, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, TB

Viruses: PI-3, ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, maedi/visna, bluetongue

How many animals? Management(2dary infections), age, onset, lagging behind flock
(Nasal FB)

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13
Q

Differential diagnosis of ovine and caprine diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: tetanus, botulism, listeria, generalized (pasturella, e coli-.. management!)

Virus: tick borne encephalitis(goat milk), west nile(mainly horse, bird, hu), border disease, rabies, aujeskys, maedi/visna, caprine arthitis and encephalitis, scrapie

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14
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious abortions of sheep and goats (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Most are by chlamydia!!!!
C. Abortus, psittaci, pecorum, burnetii
Q-fever, brucella, campylo, lepto, listeria, salmonella, management: strpt, sapth, pasturella, mycopl…

Viruses: border disease, bluetongue, schmallenberg

Mandatory (and free!) exam of brucella and bluetongue

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15
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious respiratory diseases of poultry (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria:

  • avian bordetellosis(turkey coryza),
  • ornithobacterium rhinotracheale,
  • anatipestifer,
  • mycoplasma,
  • e coli,
  • chlamydiosis(ornithosis),
  • fowl cholera,
  • infectious coryza,
  • avian TB

Viruses:

  • (herpes) infectious laryngotracheitis,
  • infectious bronchitis(corona),
  • newcastle,
  • AI,
  • fowlpox,
  • avian metapneumovirus infections

AI vs Nd: cns, resp, enteric, haemorrh - ND!!

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16
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious enteric diseases of poultry (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A 
Bacteria:
E coli, 
fowl typhoid, paratyphoid, 
necrotic enteritis, ulceratice enteritis, yersinia, 
fowl cholera, 
chlamydiosis (ornithosis), 
borrelia, 
campylobacter hepatitis, 
int spirocheatosis, 
TB

Virus:
Inf burs disease, AI, ND, duck plague, derzy, runting/stunting syndrome

A lot of non-specific signs…
Tricky, many asympt (often age related), similar signs, complex infections (esp young)
Age can be helptful

17
Q

Differential diagnosis of poultry diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: chlamydia(ornithosis), anatiestifer, fowl cholera, fowl typhoid, botulism

Viruses: AI, ND, marek, picrona(epidemic tremor/avian encephalomyelitis), duck plague, derzys disease

  • Chickens lying down because they are unable to stand.
    • Walking with difficulty as if in pain.
    • Necks twisted or turned to the side.
    • Staring into the air and not knowing where they are.
    • Shivering.
18
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious diseases of poultry in the first 10 days of life (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria: strept, e coli, fowl typhoid, paratyphoid, anatipestifer

Virus: 
- chicken: runting/stunting syndrome
- Turkey: PEMS (poult enteritis and mortality complex
—> astro, corona, reo, rota, parvo
—> poor management!

A lot to do with management… all-in-all-out
Fecal contamination, spread resp in hatchery -
Poor living conditions…
- Signs: Fever, anorexia, reluctance to move, ruffles feathers (always), huddling, dispursed
growth, disturbed moulting, retardation, diarrhoea, fecal contaminated feathers
- Pm: Haemorrhages, enlarged paranchymal organs

19
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious respiratory and enteric diseases of dogs (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).
RESP

A 
Bacterial
Kennel cough (PI, distemper, adeno, b bronchiseptica), actinomycosis, nocardia, TB

Virus
Adeno-2(kennel cough), herpes(cold), corona(resp, GI), PI-2, CAV-1(hep), distemper, influenza

20
Q

Differential diagnosis of infectious respiratory and enteric diseases of dogs (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).
ENTERIC

A 
Bacteria: 
haemorrhagic gastroenteritis (coli, perfringens, difficile - fast, older toy breeds), enteric campylobacteriosis (c. Jejuni, young, zoonosis), s. Typhimurium (bloody, mucoid, acute or chronic)

Virus
CPV-2 (2-4m), ca herpesvirus under 3w, CAV-1(inf canine hepatitis) under 1yr, ca corona,

21
Q

Differential diagnosis of canine infectious diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacteria
Ehrlichia, botulism, tetanus, meningitis (strept, multocida)

Virus
Rabies, distemper, aujesky, CAV-1 (hep),

22
Q

Differential diagnosis of feline infectious generalised diseases (epidemiology, clinical signs, post mortem lesions).

A

Bacterial
Kitten Mortality complex (e coli, strept, FeLV, corona), fe infectious anemia (m haemofelis),

Virus
Calici, FIP, FP, FIV, FeLV

Epi Final (4 decks)

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