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CMPT 354 > DB History and Intro to Relational Data Model > Flashcards

DB History and Intro to Relational Data Model Flashcards

1
Q

In a ______-______ system, the structure of data was embedded in the data manipulation programs

A

file-based

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2
Q

In _____, Codd introduced the relational data model.

A

1970

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3
Q

In 1970, ______ introduced 2 DB query languages: Relational _______ and _______

A

Codd, algebra, calculus

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4
Q

In the ______s, researchers at IBM started the _______ _ project (the first RDBMS)

A

1970, System R

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5
Q

In ____-____, IBM developed a query language called SEQUEL

A

1974, 1975

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6
Q

In ____, Codd received the ____ Turing Award

A

1981, ACM

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7
Q

What sort of DB store, manipulate, and query spatial objects?

A

Spatial DB

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8
Q

________ DBs manipulate time

A

temporal

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9
Q

In active DBs, _____ execute when ______ happen with certain ________ satisfied

A

actions, events, conditions

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10
Q

Deductive DBs have deductive ______ in addition to tables that produce implicit data via the combination

A

rules

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11
Q

Data mining is mechanisms for learning from ____, detection of _______, associations, etc

A

data, patterns

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12
Q

A ______ __________ is a large repository of physically integrated data designed for data analysis

A

data warehouse

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13
Q

In ____, Jim Gray won the ACM Turing Award for _______ processing research

A

1998, transaction

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14
Q

____ ______ is moving data from a source DB to a target DB that has no data and a different schema

A

Data Exchange

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15
Q

What does SQL stand for?

A

Structured Query Language

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16
Q

A ____ _____ is a mathematical formalism for describing and representing data

A

data model

17
Q

A Data ________ Language has a syntax for describing database templates

A

Definition

18
Q

A Data Manipulation Language supports _____, _____, ______, and ______ of data

A

insertion, deletion, update, retrieval

19
Q

The relational data model uses the mathematical concept of a ______ as the formalism for describing and representing data

A

relation

20
Q

Formally, a relation is a subset of a ________ _______ of sets

A

Cartesian product

21
Q

Informally, a ______ is a table of rows and columns

A

relation

22
Q

A k-tuple is an _______ _______ of k objects

A

ordered sequence

23
Q

The _______ of a set is the number of elements

A

cardinality

24
Q

The cardinality of 2 sets D is…

A

|D_1| * |D_2|

25
Q

The names of the columns in a relational data model are called __________

A

attributes

26
Q

A k-ary relation ______ R(A1, A2, …, Ak) is a set of A1, A2, …, A3 of k attributes

A

schema

27
Q

An ______ of a relation schema is a relation conforming to the schema

A

instance

28
Q

The ______ is the number of columns in a relation

A

arity

29
Q

A relational database schema is a ___ of relation schemas

A

set

30
Q

A relational database _____ of a relational schema is a set of relation Ri each of which is an instance of the relation schema Ri

A

instance

31
Q

An ________ language specifies how the task is to be accomplished

A

Imperative

32
Q

A ________ language specifies what has to be accomplished

A

declarative

33
Q

State Codd’s theorem.

A

Relational Algebra and relational calculus are essentially equivalent in terms of expressive power

34
Q

Relational Algebra is a _______ language

A

procedural

35
Q

Relation Calculus is a ________ language

A

declarative

36
Q

Relational Calculus expresses queries as formulas of _______ _____

A

first-order logic

37
Q

Relational Algebra expresses queries by applying a sequence of ________ to relations

A

operations

38
Q

A DB Query Language should have a high ______ power and is _______

A

expressive, efficient

CMPT 354 (16 decks)

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