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Chem eng boards > Day1-Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Day1-Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Branch of Chemistry that drals with compounds of carbon

A

Organic Chemistry

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2
Q

A theory that states organoc compounds originated from living materials. And these mterials posesses vital forces and is doffocult to synthesize in labortories

A

Vital force theory

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3
Q

He synthesized urea from an inorganic ammonium cyanate

NH4CNO—–>(NH2)2CO

This also ended concept of vitalism(Vital Force Theory)

A

Friedlich Wohler

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4
Q

In Structural Theory this is the ability of atoms to combine

A

Valence

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5
Q

In Structural Theory this is the ability of carbon to bond with another carbon atom

A

Catenation

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6
Q

3 types of chemical bonding

A

Dualism(Berzellius)
Ionic Bond
Covalent Bond

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7
Q

Atoms are being held by the electrocal attraction bet species of opposite charges

A

Dualism (Berzellius)

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8
Q

Formula of formal charge

A

Group no. - 1/2 shared e - unshared e

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9
Q

In lewis structure what is the formula of # of bonding electrons?

A

of electrons that will satisfy the octet rule - group no.(Valence electron)

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10
Q

In lewis structure whatbis the formula of paired bonds

A

1/2 the # of bonding electrons

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11
Q

A molecule or ion that only differs in the position of electrons

A

resonating structures/resonating contributors

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12
Q

contains C and H

A

Hydrocarbons

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13
Q

3 types of hydrocarbon

A

Aliphatic
Alicyclic
Aromatic

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14
Q

4 types of aliphatic compounds

A

alkanes
alkenes
alkynes
alkadienes

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15
Q

CnH2n+2

contains single bond

A

alkanes

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16
Q

CnH2n+2

contains single bond

A

alkanes

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17
Q

CnH2n

contains double bonds

A

alkenes

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18
Q

CnH2n-2

contains triple bonds

A

alkynes

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19
Q

CnH2n-2

contains double bonds

A

alkadienes

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20
Q

compounds whose carbon atoms are arranged in chains whether straight or branched

A

aliphatic

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21
Q

alkanes arranged on a form of a closed chain

CnH2n

A

cycloalkanes

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22
Q

non-conjugated alkenes in a ring system

CnH2n-2

A

cycloalkenes

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23
Q

cpds containing carbon atoms in a ring system

A

alicyclic

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24
Q

4 types of hydrocarbon derivatives classifoed according to heteroatoms present

A 
derivatives containing
Oxygen
Halogen
Sulfur
Nitrogen
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25
Q

hudrocarbons with one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by OH group

A

Alcohol

Phenol

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26
Q

R-OH

A

Alcohol

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27
Q

Ar-OH

A

phenol

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28
Q

hydrocarbon derivative with two hydrocarbon group attached to the oxygen atom

ROR

A

Ether

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29
Q

cyclic ethers wherein oxyen is included in a 3 memberes

A

epoxides

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30
Q

hydrocarbons with 1 or 2 alkyl groups attached to C=O

R-C=O-H

R-C=O-R

A

Aldehyde

Ketone

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31
Q

Hydrocarbon with the carboxyl group -COOH

R-COOH

A

carboxylic acid

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32
Q

Carboxylic acid derivative in which the hydrogen atom is replaced by an alkyl group

R-COO-R

A

esters

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33
Q

carboxylic acid derivative in which the hydrogen atom is replaced by RC=O

R-COO-RC=O

A

acid anhydride

34
Q

hydrocarbon derivatives in which the hydrogen atom is replaced by or more halogens

A

alkyl halide

aryl halide

35
Q

hydrocarbon derivatives containing sulfur

A

thiols

disulfides

36
Q

hydrocarbon derivatives in which hydrogen atom is replaced by-SH

A

thiols

37
Q

hydrocarbon derivatives in which the general fornula is R-S-S-R

A

disulfides

38
Q

hydrocarbon derivatives containing nitrogen

A

amine

amides

39
Q

organic derivative of NH3

A

amine

40
Q

carboxylic acid derivative in which the hydrogen atom is replace by -NH2, -NHR’ -NR’R”

A

amides

41
Q

alkane is also called _____

A

paraffins

42
Q

type of hybridized carbon in alkane

A

sp3

43
Q

hydrocarbon obtained from the fractional distillation of peteoleum

A

alkane

44
Q

Physical states of alkane at room temp

A

C1-C4 (solid)
C5-C17 (liquid)
C18above (gas)

45
Q

alkanes are soluble in?

A

benzene
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride

46
Q

alkanes are soluble in?

A

benzene
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride

47
Q

relationship of # of carbon chain and branches with bp

A

high C high BP

high branches low BP

48
Q

its is also called olefins

A

alkenes

49
Q

what type of hybridized carbon is alkenes

A

sp2

50
Q

The halogen attaches to the carbon that is more alkyl substituted thus producing a higher order alkyl halide

A

Markovnikoffs rule

51
Q

addition of hbr in the presence of organic peroxides

A

anti-markovnikoffs

52
Q

it is also called acetylenes

A

alkynes

53
Q

what type of hybridized carbon is alkynes

A

sp

54
Q

general formula of alkynes

A

CnH2n

55
Q

cpds containing benzene ring and chemically behaves like benzene

A

aromatic cpds

56
Q

4n+2=π electrons, where n shoul be a whole #

A

huckel’s rule

57
Q

obtained from catalytic dehydrogenation of cyclohexane and from coal tars

A

benzene

58
Q

how to stabilize benzene

A

delocaloze π electrons

59
Q

all C-H bonds of benzene are equialent, true or false

A

true

60
Q

Benzene does not decolorize_____

A

KMnO4/potassium permanganate

61
Q

____ does not add in bemzene even in the presence of metal catalyst

A

H2

62
Q

Benzene undergoes substitution rxn

true or false

A

true

63
Q

contains the OH group(hydroxyl group)

A

alcohol

64
Q

contains the -OR group (alkoxy group)

A

ethers

65
Q

alcohols are named as alkanol true or false

A

true

66
Q

why do alcohol have higher bp than ethers

A

bc of hydorgen bonding

67
Q

solubility of alcohol decreases when chain length ____

A

increases

68
Q

aldehydes are named as alkanal true or false

A

true

69
Q

aldehydes and ketones have bp that is intermediate bet alkanes and alcohols of the same molecular weight true or false

A

true

70
Q

due to high polarity aldehydes and ketones are soluble in water true or false

A

true

71
Q

contains the functional group -COOH (carboxyl group)

A

carboxylic acid

72
Q

carboxylic acid derivatives are obtained by replacing the -OH group by

A

chlorine
carboxylatr
alkoxy
amino group

73
Q

contains the functional group -NH2

A

amines

74
Q

can be considered as derivatives of ammonia with alkyl or aryl substituents

A

amines

75
Q

primary amines and secondary amines are capable of hydrogen bonding. what is the BP of amine compare to alcohol and alkane

A

of the same molecular weight

alcohol > amine > alkane

76
Q

tertiary amines do not form intermolecular hydrogen bonding. determine the bp compared to primary and secondary amine

A

tertiary < primary and secondary

77
Q

Amines that contain only 5 carbon atoms that are soluble in water

A

aliphatic amines

78
Q

aromatic amines are only slightly in water true or false

A

true

79
Q

order of basicity of amines in aq soln

A

NRRH > NRHH> NRRR> NHHH

80
Q

Rule in which the alkene formed is the one that is more alkyl substitited

A

saitsev’s rule

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