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Chem eng boards > Day1-Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Day1-Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of Chemistry that drals with compounds of carbon

A

Organic Chemistry

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2
Q

A theory that states organoc compounds originated from living materials. And these mterials posesses vital forces and is doffocult to synthesize in labortories

A

Vital force theory

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3
Q

He synthesized urea from an inorganic ammonium cyanate

NH4CNO—–>(NH2)2CO

This also ended concept of vitalism(Vital Force Theory)

A

Friedlich Wohler

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4
Q

In Structural Theory this is the ability of atoms to combine

A

Valence

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5
Q

In Structural Theory this is the ability of carbon to bond with another carbon atom

A

Catenation

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6
Q

3 types of chemical bonding

A

Dualism(Berzellius)
Ionic Bond
Covalent Bond

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7
Q

Atoms are being held by the electrocal attraction bet species of opposite charges

A

Dualism (Berzellius)

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8
Q

Formula of formal charge

A

Group no. - 1/2 shared e - unshared e

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9
Q

In lewis structure what is the formula of # of bonding electrons?

A

of electrons that will satisfy the octet rule - group no.(Valence electron)

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10
Q

In lewis structure whatbis the formula of paired bonds

A

1/2 the # of bonding electrons

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11
Q

A molecule or ion that only differs in the position of electrons

A

resonating structures/resonating contributors

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12
Q

contains C and H

A

Hydrocarbons

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13
Q

3 types of hydrocarbon

A

Aliphatic
Alicyclic
Aromatic

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14
Q

4 types of aliphatic compounds

A

alkanes
alkenes
alkynes
alkadienes

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15
Q

CnH2n+2

contains single bond

A

alkanes

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16
Q

CnH2n+2

contains single bond

A

alkanes

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17
Q

CnH2n

contains double bonds

A

alkenes

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18
Q

CnH2n-2

contains triple bonds

A

alkynes

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19
Q

CnH2n-2

contains double bonds

A

alkadienes

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20
Q

compounds whose carbon atoms are arranged in chains whether straight or branched

A

aliphatic

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21
Q

alkanes arranged on a form of a closed chain

CnH2n

A

cycloalkanes

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22
Q

non-conjugated alkenes in a ring system

CnH2n-2

A

cycloalkenes

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23
Q

cpds containing carbon atoms in a ring system

A

alicyclic

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24
Q

4 types of hydrocarbon derivatives classifoed according to heteroatoms present

A 
derivatives containing
Oxygen
Halogen
Sulfur
Nitrogen
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25
hudrocarbons with one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by OH group
Alcohol | Phenol
26
R-OH
Alcohol
27
Ar-OH
phenol
28
hydrocarbon derivative with two hydrocarbon group attached to the oxygen atom ROR
Ether
29
cyclic ethers wherein oxyen is included in a 3 memberes
epoxides
30
hydrocarbons with 1 or 2 alkyl groups attached to C=O R-C=O-H R-C=O-R
Aldehyde Ketone
31
Hydrocarbon with the carboxyl group -COOH R-COOH
carboxylic acid
32
Carboxylic acid derivative in which the hydrogen atom is replaced by an alkyl group R-COO-R
esters
33
carboxylic acid derivative in which the hydrogen atom is replaced by RC=O R-COO-RC=O
acid anhydride
34
hydrocarbon derivatives in which the hydrogen atom is replaced by or more halogens
alkyl halide | aryl halide
35
hydrocarbon derivatives containing sulfur
thiols | disulfides
36
hydrocarbon derivatives in which hydrogen atom is replaced by-SH
thiols
37
hydrocarbon derivatives in which the general fornula is R-S-S-R
disulfides
38
hydrocarbon derivatives containing nitrogen
amine | amides
39
organic derivative of NH3
amine
40
carboxylic acid derivative in which the hydrogen atom is replace by -NH2, -NHR' -NR'R"
amides
41
alkane is also called _____
paraffins
42
type of hybridized carbon in alkane
sp3
43
hydrocarbon obtained from the fractional distillation of peteoleum
alkane
44
Physical states of alkane at room temp
C1-C4 (solid) C5-C17 (liquid) C18above (gas)
45
alkanes are soluble in?
benzene chloroform carbon tetrachloride
46
alkanes are soluble in?
benzene chloroform carbon tetrachloride
47
relationship of # of carbon chain and branches with bp
high C high BP | high branches low BP
48
its is also called olefins
alkenes
49
what type of hybridized carbon is alkenes
sp2
50
The halogen attaches to the carbon that is more alkyl substituted thus producing a higher order alkyl halide
Markovnikoffs rule
51
addition of hbr in the presence of organic peroxides
anti-markovnikoffs
52
it is also called acetylenes
alkynes
53
what type of hybridized carbon is alkynes
sp
54
general formula of alkynes
CnH2n
55
cpds containing benzene ring and chemically behaves like benzene
aromatic cpds
56
4n+2=π electrons, where n shoul be a whole #
huckel's rule
57
obtained from catalytic dehydrogenation of cyclohexane and from coal tars
benzene
58
how to stabilize benzene
delocaloze π electrons
59
all C-H bonds of benzene are equialent, true or false
true
60
Benzene does not decolorize_____
KMnO4/potassium permanganate
61
____ does not add in bemzene even in the presence of metal catalyst
H2
62
Benzene undergoes substitution rxn true or false
true
63
contains the OH group(hydroxyl group)
alcohol
64
contains the -OR group (alkoxy group)
ethers
65
alcohols are named as alkanol true or false
true
66
why do alcohol have higher bp than ethers
bc of hydorgen bonding
67
solubility of alcohol decreases when chain length ____
increases
68
aldehydes are named as alkanal true or false
true
69
aldehydes and ketones have bp that is intermediate bet alkanes and alcohols of the same molecular weight true or false
true
70
due to high polarity aldehydes and ketones are soluble in water true or false
true
71
contains the functional group -COOH (carboxyl group)
carboxylic acid
72
carboxylic acid derivatives are obtained by replacing the -OH group by
chlorine carboxylatr alkoxy amino group
73
contains the functional group -NH2
amines
74
can be considered as derivatives of ammonia with alkyl or aryl substituents
amines
75
primary amines and secondary amines are capable of hydrogen bonding. what is the BP of amine compare to alcohol and alkane
of the same molecular weight alcohol > amine > alkane
76
tertiary amines do not form intermolecular hydrogen bonding. determine the bp compared to primary and secondary amine
tertiary < primary and secondary
77
Amines that contain only 5 carbon atoms that are soluble in water
aliphatic amines
78
aromatic amines are only slightly in water true or false
true
79
order of basicity of amines in aq soln
NRRH > NRHH> NRRR> NHHH
80
Rule in which the alkene formed is the one that is more alkyl substitited
saitsev's rule

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