day 5 Flashcards by Andrea Janney

What do chiropractors believe is the major source of morbidity?

malalignment of the spine

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What is the major mode of chiropractic therapy?

manipulation

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What are the two camps of chiropractors and what do they promote?

Int’l chiropractic association-opposed to mandated vaccines
american chiropractic association- focuses on muscoskeletal disorders, includes excercise, nutritional and dietary counseling

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What do naturopaths believe?

The body has innate power to heal and its symptoms are manifestion of the body’s attempt to achieve wholeness

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What does treatment of naturopaths include?

hydrotherapy, massage/excercise therapy, lifestyle counseling, herbal medicines/nutritional counseling

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What two principles are homeopathy based on?

“like cures like” and “potentization”

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What are the top 3 most common CAM therapies in adults?

natural products, deep breathing, meditation

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What are the top 3 most common CAM therapies in children?

natural products, chiropractic/osteopathic, deep breathing

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What is potentization?

serial dilutions of homepathic preparations

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Describe homepathic preparations.

Begin w/a mineral, plant, or animal substance, pulverized and mixed w/a water-alcohol soln

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What is Hering’s Law of Cure?

human body seeks to externalize disease, healing progesses from top to bottom of body, healing proceeds in reverse order of symptoms

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Describe acupuncture.

refers to procedures used to stimulate anatomical points with needles. Also, manual pressure, electrical, magnetics, low power lasers, heat and ultrasound

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What is the basic theory of acupuncture?

maintain the body’s harmonious balance in relation to environment. perceives world as interconnected

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What is proposed MOA of acupuncture?

endorphin release at spinal level and supraspinal level, also affects connective tissue

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What are acupuncture indications?

chronic pain, postoperative, chemotherapy nausea, acute pain, headache including migraines, hypertension

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What are some rare but serious complications of acupuncture?

transmission of disease, needle fragment left in body, pneumothorax, pneumoperitoneum, organ puncture, cardiac tamponade, osteomyelitis

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What are local complications of acupuncture?

bleeding, contact dermatitis, infection, pain, presthesias

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What are top 3 natural products used?

echinacea, ginseng, ginkgo

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What are top 3 conditions CAM used for?

back pain, neck pain, joint pain

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What is regulation for herbal products?

In the US manufacturers do not have to demonstrate accurate labeling, purity of contents or use of good manufacturing practices.

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Why do Americans use herbs and supplements?

to enhance health, to help with common chronic symptoms, appeal to those who perceive nature as healing

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How should you counsel patients regarding herbal supplements?

Ask about use of herbs and OTC preparations, discourage use of those that contain heavy metals or ephedra. Offer appropriate convential treatment.

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What popns should avoid herbal supplements?

pregnant/nursing, infants/children, the elderly, surgical patients

What is echinacea primarily used for?

to treat and prevent URI

What are adverse effects of echinacea?

dyspepsia, diarrhea, unpleasant taste. in children it causes rash.

What are potential drug interactions of echinacea?

interfere with immunosuppressant therapy, can increase proliferation of cancer with exposure to doxorubicin, pts shouldn't take longer than 8 consecutive weeks.

What is garlic used for?

lower cholesterol, thins the blood, anti-atherosclerotic effect

What are adverse effects of garlic?

bad breath and odor, increases bleeding

What are potential drug interactions with garlic?

possible with warfarin, aspirin, NSAIDS, antiplatelet meds

What is gingko used for?

improves cognitive fxn in patients with Alzheimer's and vascular dementia

What are adverse effects for gingko?

GI upset and HA, increased bleeding/bruising

What are drug interactions with gingko?

increased risk of bleeding so shouldn't combine with NSAIDS, heparin, warfarin, garlic, ginseng, ginger.

What is ginseng used for?

improve health in those recovering from illness and increase stamina. treat ED and menopause

What are adverse effects of ginseng?

bleeding, Gingseng abuse syndrome

What is gingseng abuse syndrome?

diarrhea/HTN, nervousness, rash, insomnia

What are drug interactions with gingseng?

interact with antihypertensives, anticoagulants, NSAIDS, antiplatelet agents, CNS stimulants, drugs w/hypoglycemic activity

What are uses of St. John's Wort?

for mild to moderate depression

What are adverse rxns of St. John's Wort?

GI sx, dizziness, confusion, sedation

What are drug interactions with St. John's Wort?

other anti-depressants, reduces effectiveness of OCP, digoxin, warfarin, methadone, verapamil, simvastin

What is saw palmetto used for?

benign prostatic hypertrophy

What are adverse effects of saw palmetto?

HA, nausea, dizziness, HTN, ED

What are drug interactions of saw palmetto?

OCP or hormone rx, risk of increased bleeding with antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs

What is black cohosh used for?

menopause, PMS, arthritis, muscle spasm

What are adverse effects of black cohosh?

nausea, vomiting, HA, HTN, weight gain.

What are drug interactions of black cohosh?

increased bleeding or GI distress if taken with salycylates, contraindicated in pts with h/o estrogen tumors/endometrial CA

What is fish oil used for?

lower triglyceride levels, CHD, prevent dementia, essential for early brain development during gestation/infancy

What are adverse effects for fish oil?

nausea, fishy taste

What are drug interactions for fish oil?

none!

What is red yeast rice used for?

promote blood circulation, lower LDL and total cholesterol

What are adverse effects of red yeast rice?

HA, dizziness, gas, heartburn, bloating, muscle aches

What are drug interactions of red yeast rice?

with other cholesterol lowering meds, with any other drugs that might damage liver, lowers CoQ levels in body

What is niacin used for?

Synthesis and metabolism of carbs, fatty acids, proteins. lowers LDL and total cholesterol

What are adverse effects of niacin?

flushing, liver toxicity, pruritus, hives, constipation, myopathy, elevate uric acid levels

What are drug interactions of niacin?

adversely with statins/alcohol

What are uses of hawthorn berry?

CHF, improves cardiac fxn and excerise tolerance

What are adverse effects of hawthorn berry?

nausea, sedation, arrhythmias, hypotension

What are drug interactions with hawthorn berry?

adversely with anti-HTN, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, any med that causes drowsiness, digoxin, narcotics