Day 2 Equations

Question 1

Calderwood Equation

Answer 1

%C = 5.88 + 2.206(CV - 0.094S) + 0.0053 [80 - 100(VCM/FC)]^1.55

Question 2

equilibrium at stage 2 countercurrent extraction

Answer 2

y_2 = (L/V)(x_1 - x_N) + y_N+1

Question 3

amount of A in raffinate n

Answer 3

A,Rn = A,F [B/(KD*S + B)]^n ; applicable if S fed in each stage are equal

Question 4

Tiller-Tour Equation

Answer 4

N - 1 = log[(x_1 - y_2)/(x_N - y_N+1)] / log [(x_1 - x_N)/(y_2 - y_N+1)]

Question 5

Raoult’s Law & Dalton’s Law

Answer 5

Pi = Pi*xi ; P_T = ΣPi

Question 6

relative volatility

Answer 6

α_AB = [y_A(1 - x_A)] / [x_A(1 - y_A)]

Question 7

Rayleigh Equation

Answer 7

ln(A_1/A_2) = (α_AB)[ln(B_1/B_2)] ; A_1 B_1 = from feed, A_2 B_2 = from residue

Question 8

flash distillation slope & the fraction of F that vaporized

Answer 8

y = (x_F)/f - [(1-f)/f]x, f = V/F

Question 9

theoretical O2

Answer 9

O2,theo = C + H/4 + S - O2

Question 10

free O2

Answer 10

O2,free = O2,xs + CO/2 + H2/2

Question 11

supplied O2

Answer 11

O2,supp = O2,theo + O2,xs = N2,supp(21/79)

Question 12

dry basis (db) vs wet basis (wb)

Answer 12

db -> (A/H2O)100 ; wb -> [A/(A+H2O)]100

Question 13

amount of H2O, CO2 and CO produced from combustion

Answer 13

H2O = H/2 ; CO2 + CO = C_total

Question 14

octane number

Answer 14

[C8H18/(C8H18+C7H16)]*100 , variables in unit volume

Question 15

cetane number

Answer 15

[C16H34/(C16H34+C11H10)]*100 , variables in unit volume

Question 16

H & O from ultimate analysis(UA) ; net H if UA is given

Answer 16

H = netH + (M + CW)(2/18) ; O = (M + CW)(16/18) ; net H = H - O/8

Question 17

Ruth Equation, Filter Medium Resistance(Rm)

Answer 17

E18-59 but P = -ΔP, w = C and r = Rm (also multiply P to gc)
Rm = (αCVe)/A, (***if Rm or Ve not given, both and θe = zero)
C = concentration = Mc/V

Question 18

Constant Pressure Filtration eqn, θe, K

Answer 18

(V + Ve)^2 = K(θ + θe), θe = (Ve^2)/K, K =2(-ΔP)gc(A^2)/(μαC)

Question 19

rw of: Plate and Frame Filter, Leaf Filter

Answer 19

rw = rf/4 (default), rw = rf

Question 20

Constant Rate Filtration, (-ΔP), K, β

Answer 20

-ΔP = KrV + β, Kr = [(μαC)/(gcA^2)](Vr/θr), β = KrVe

Question 21

Constant Pressure Filtration PRECEDED by Constant Rate Filtration, K

Answer 21

(V^2 - Vr^2) + 2Ve(V - Vr) = K(θ - θr), K = 2Vr*(Vr + Ve)/θr

Question 22

Relationship of height of solids(Lo) vs porosity(Ɛ) in fluidization

Answer 22

inversely proportional (L ∝ 1/(1-Ɛ) )

Question 23

Pressure drop for fluidization

Answer 23

-ΔP/L = (1 - Ɛ)(ρp - ρ)g/gc

Question 24

Equation used in getting minimum fluidizing velocity

Answer 24

Ergun Equation (E17-1)

Question 25

screen effectiveness

Answer 25

E = (xP/xF)[(xF-xR)/(xP-xR)]{1-[(1-xP)/(1-xF)][(xF-xR)/(xP-xR)]}