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CCNA > Day 2 - CSMA / CD, Switching, and VLANs > Flashcards

Day 2 - CSMA / CD, Switching, and VLANs Flashcards

1
Q

What is CSMA/CD?

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection

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2
Q

What does Carrier Sense mean?

A

That the wire is listened to in order to determine whether there is a signal passing along it.

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3
Q

What does Multiple Access mean?

A

More than one device is using the cables on the segment.

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4
Q

What is Collision Detection?

A

An algorithm used by a protocol to determine whether frames on the wire have become damaged due to hitting another frame.

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5
Q

Do switches reduce or increase the amount of collision domains?

A

Switches increase the number of collision domains.

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6
Q

If four PCs are connected to a switch how many collision domains are there?

A

Four.

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7
Q

Do switches or routers separate Broadcast domains?

A

Routers.

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8
Q

Do hubs reduce or increase the amount of collision domains?

A

Neither. Hubs extend the collision domain they are a part of.

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9
Q

What are the commands to adjust the speed on an interface?

A

interface [interface name]

speed [10,100,auto]

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10
Q

Do switches switch packets, frames or segments?

A

Frames.

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11
Q

What type of frame is switched out of all interfaces but the one on which they were received?

A

Broadcast and frames without a known destination (not in the MAC table).

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12
Q

What are the three main actions a switch must perform to function?

A

Forwarding or filtering (dropping) frames based on destination MAC addresses

Learning MAC addresses from incoming frames

Using STP to prevent Layer 2 loops

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13
Q

Any delay in passing traffic is know as ?

A

latency.

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14
Q

What are the three ways Cisco switches can switch traffic and which way is the default on modern switches?

A

Cut-through

Store-and-forward (default)

Fragment-free

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15
Q

What are the pros and cons of Cut-through switching?

A

Fastest switching method/lowest latency

No error checking

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16
Q

What are the pros and cons of Store-and-forward switching?

A

Error checking via CRC

Highest latency

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17
Q

What are the pros and cons of Fragment-free switching?

A

Quick and reliable

Only checks the first 64 bytes of a frame so any errors after that will be forwarded

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18
Q

What is CRC error checking?

A

Cyclic Redundancy Check

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19
Q

What is the minimum size of an Ethernet frame?

A

64 bytes

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20
Q

Fragment-free switching is also know as ?

A

runt-free switching

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21
Q

Hubs are also know as ?

A

multiport repeaters

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22
Q

Do hubs store MAC addresses?

A

no

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23
Q

The memory chip contained in a switch is know as a ?

A

application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)

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24
Q

Where is the switch table listing devices and ports stored?

A

Content Addressable Memory (CAM)

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25
What is the switch command to display the CAM table?
show mac-address-table
26
What does OUI stand for?
Organizationally Unique Identifier
27
A MAC address is made up of how many bits and are they hex or binary?
48 binary bits
28
A MAC address is made up of a OUI of 24 binary bits and a ? of ? bits?
Vendor's Number 24 binary bits
29
Name the seven components of the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet frame
``` Preamble Start-of-frame delimiter (SFD) Destination address Source address Length Data Frame-check sequence ```
30
What is the Preamble in an Ethernet frame?
synchronises and alerts the network card for the incoming data
31
What is the SFD in an Ethernet frame?
Start-of-frame delimiter, it indicates the start of the frame
32
What are the three different types of Destination MAC addresses?
Unicast Broadcast Multicast
33
What does the Length in an Ethernet frame specify?
defines the length of the Data field in the frame
34
What is FCS in an Ethernet frame and what does it do?
Frame-check sequence and it provides a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on all data in the frame
35
What is some of the information that the 'show version' command provides?
``` Switch uptime Model IOS release Reason for last reload Interfaces and type Memory installed Base MAC address ```
36
A VLAN is ?
a logical Local Area Network where devices could be anywhere on the network physically but, as far as they are concerned, they are all directly connected to the same switch
37
If you want to connect to a switch over the network what do you have to do?
Add an IP address to a VLAN known as a management address
38
What is the command to tell the switch where to send all IP traffic?
config t ip default-gateway [gateway ip]
39
What is the command to change the default name of the switch?
config t hostname [some name]
40
What are the commands to enable remote access to the switch?
config t line vty 0 15 password [some password] login
41
What is the command to force only SSH connections to the switch?
config t line vty 0 15 transport input ssh
42
A LAN is essentially a ?
broadcast domain
43
What are four advantages of VLANs?
faster network by containing broadcasts saves resources on devices because they process less broadcasts added security by keeping devices separate flexibility in expanding devices across a geographical location of any size
44
What is IEEE 802.1Q?
a vendor independent method to create interoperable VLANs also known as frame tagging.
45
What is the limit to the number of VLANs that can be tagged using 802.1Q?
4096
46
What is a port called that carries data from multiple VLANs?
a trunk
47
What is a "native VLAN"?
A particular type of 802.1Q VLAN in which frames are not tagged.
48
What are the two ways ports can be associated with VLANs?
statically dynamically
49
What is Cisco's 802.1Q protocol called?
ISL
50
Dynamic VLAN assignment allows devices to join a specific VLAN based on ?
the MAC address of the device
51
Ports are assigned to ?
VLANs
52
Devices are connected to ?
ports
53
Switch ports or links can be of what type ?
Access Trunk Dynamic
54
Access links typically connect the switch to ?
hosts
55
VLAN trunks are used to carry data from ?
multiple VLANs
56
What is the command to set a switch port to trunking?
switchport mode trunk
57
What are the five possible modes a trunk link can be in?
``` On Off Auto Desirable No-negotiate ```
58
Describe the On trunk mode
forces the port into permanent trunking mode. The port becomes a trunk, even if the connected device does not agree to convert the link into a trunk link.
59
Describe the Off trunk mode
the link is not used as a trunk link, even if the connected device is set to “trunk.”
60
Describe the Auto trunk mode
the port is willing to become a trunk link. If the other device is set to “on” or “desirable,” then the link becomes a trunk link. If both sides are left as “auto,” then the link will never become a trunk, as neither side will attempt to convert.
61
Describe the Desirable trunk mode
the port actively tries to convert to a trunk link. If the other device is set to “on,” “auto,” or “desirable,” then the link will become a trunk link.
62
Describe the No-negotiate trunk mode
prevents the port from negotiating a trunk connection. It will be forced into an access or trunk mode as per the configuration.
63
What is the command to see which VLANs exist on a switch?
show vlan
64
What is the command to label a VLAN?
vlan 5 | name [some vlan name]
65
What is the command to add port fa0/1 to VLAN 5?
interface fa0/1 switchport access vlan 5
66
What is the command to verify which ports are trunking?
show interface trunk
67
What is the command to change the native VLAN on trunking port?
switchport trunk native vlan [vlan#]
68
What command deletes all VLAN info on a switch?
delete vlan.dat
69
What is the first thing you should check if you cannot telnet to a switch?
whether telnet has been enabled using the 'show run' command and looking for 'login' or 'login local' and 'password' under the vty lines
70
What is the first thing you should check if you cannot ping a switch?
That an IP address has been configured on the switch and that it has a default gateway
71
What are signs of duplex mismatches?
input and CRC errors on the switch interface
72
Switches contain a memory chip known as an _______, which builds a table listing which device is plugged into which port.
ASIC
73
The _______ _______-_______-_______ command displays a list of which MAC addresses are connected to which ports.
show mac-address-table
74
Which two commands add an IP address to the VLAN?
The interface vlan x command and the ip address x.x.x.x command.
75
Which commands will enable Telnet and add a password to the switch Telnet lines?
Switch1( config)# line vty 0 15 Switch1( config-line)# password cisco Switch1( config-line)# login
76
How do you permit only SSH traffic into your Telnet lines?
Use the Switch1( config-line)# transport input ssh command.
77
What is the most likely cause of Telnet to another switch not working?
The authentication method is not defined on another switch.
78
Switches remember all VLAN info, even when reloaded. True or False?
True
79
A switch interface can be in which of three modes?
Trunk Access Dynamic
80
How do you set a switch to be in a specific mode?
Apply the switchport mode command in Interface Configuration mode.
81
Which commands will change the switch duplex mode and speed?
The duplex and speed commands.

CCNA (3 decks)

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