Day 2

Question 1

Mass fraction

Answer 1

Mass solute/mass sol’n

Question 2

Pressure

Answer 2

Pabs = Patm + Pg
Pabs = Patm - Pvac
P = (rho)(g)(h)
P= F/A

Question 3

Specific volume

Answer 3

1/rho
v/m

Question 4

%H2O Dry Basis

Answer 4

x H2O wet/ 1- x H2O wet

Question 5

%H2O Wet Basis

Answer 5

x dry / x dry + 1

Question 6

OMB and CMB of Evap

Answer 6

Omb: F = L + V
Cmb: Fxf = Lxl

Question 7

Omb and cmb of crystallization

Answer 7

Omb: F = V + C + L
Cmb: Fxf = Cxc + Lxl
Solute bal: F(1-xf) = C(1-xc) + L (1-xl)

Question 8

Xc and Xl of crystallization

Answer 8

Xc = 1 or = MM anhydrous / MM crystal
Xl = solubility = g solute/ g solute + 100

Question 9

% yield of crystals

Answer 9

Cxc/ Fxf x100

Question 10

% xss

Answer 10

xs/theo x 100

Question 11

O2 supply

Answer 11

supp = theo + xss
supp = theo (1+%xss)

Question 12

O2 Theo

Answer 12

C + H/4 + S - O2

Question 13

O2 Free

Answer 13

O2 free = O2 xss + CO/2 + H2/2

Question 14

Proximate analysis

Answer 14

M VCM FC Ash

Question 15

Modified Analysis

Answer 15

M Ctotal netH N S CW Ash

Question 16

Calderwoon eqn

Answer 16

Ctotal = 5.88 + 2.206 (CV-0.094S) + 0.0053 (80-100 VCM/FC) ^1.55

Question 17

Dulongs

Answer 17

CV = 0.338C + 1.44 net H + 0.094S

net H = H - O/8

Question 18

Ultimate analysis

Answer 18

Ctotal
H = net H + (M+CW) (2/18)
O = (M+CW) (16/18)
N
Ash
S

Question 19

Analysis @ VCM

Answer 19

C,VCM = Ctotal - FC
N
S
CW
Net H

Question 20

CV, Fuel

Answer 20

CV, Fuel = 33.8 MJ/kg + CV, VCM

Question 21

Raoult’s Law

Answer 21

Pi = Pi°Xi
Pt = summation Pi°(Xi)

Psoln = Psolvent (Xsolvent)

Question 22

Yi

Answer 22

Pi⁰Xi / Pt

Question 23

Distribution Coefficient

Answer 23

Ki = Yi/Xi

Fig. 13-9

Question 24

Relative Volatility

Answer 24

αAB = Pa⁰/Pb⁰

     = Ya(1-Xa) 
         ———
         Xa(1-Ya)

Question 25

Batch Distillation

Answer 25

ln A1 αAB ln B1
— = —
A2 B2

At feed: A1 B1
At residue: A2 B2
At distillate: Da Db

Question 26

Flash/Equilibrium Distillation

Answer 26

y= -(1-f)(x) Xf
——— + ——
f f

f = fraction vaporized
m = -(1-f)/f

Use αAB to get x or y

Question 27

Steam Distillation

Answer 27

ns/nb = (Pt-Pb⁰)/Pb⁰

Question 28

Simple Continuous Distillation

Answer 28

αAB = Da Bb
—— × ——-
Ba Db

Question 29

Slope of q line

Answer 29

M = q/ q-1

Question 30

q line distillation with reflux

Answer 30

q = 1 + Cp(Tb-Tf)
————
λv

Question 31

Reflux Ratio

Answer 31

R = L/D

Question 32

Enriching/ Rectifying Line

Answer 32

Xb

b = Xd / R+1

Question 33

Feed Line

Answer 33

Xf

Question 34

Stripping Section

Answer 34

V = L+D

Question 35

Minimum Reflux Ratio

Answer 35

Infinite stages, D»>L

R,min Xd - y’
——— = ———
R,min +1 Xd - x’

Question 36

Total Reflux Ratio

Answer 36

Infinite Reflux, L»>D

               log  Xd (1-Xb)
                      ————
                       Xb (1-Xd) Nmin =    ————————
                     log αAB

Question 37

Retentions in Leaching

Answer 37

M soln M solvent
——— or —————
M inert M inert

x = y = M solute (or solvent)
—————
M sol’n

Question 38

N theo leaching

Answer 38

X1 - Y2
log —————
Xn - Yn+1
N theo = ———————— + 1
X1 - Xn
log —————
Y2 - Yn+1

Question 39

Y2 in N theo leaching

Answer 39

L
Y2= — (X1 - Xn) + Yn+1
V

Question 40

N actual = N theo / % efficiency

Question 41

Partition Ratio / Kd value

Answer 41

Kd = CE/CR

Question 42

Solute on Raffinate at nth stage/ remained at liquid phase

Answer 42

( B ) ^n
A,Rn = A,F ( ———— )
( Kd(S) + B )

Question 43

Total mass transferred to mass transferred by molecular diffusion

Answer 43

Sherwood Number

Question 44

Ratio of the molecular momentum diffusion to the molecular mass diffusivity

Answer 44

Schmidt Number