Day

Question 1

Internet Protocol (IP) Types and Information

Answer 1

Many standard protocol types exist for the “transmission of data from source to destinations in packet-switched communications networks and interconnected systems of such networks”

Question 2

Authentication Header (AH)

Answer 2

is a “deprecated IPsec security protocol that provides integrity protection (but not confidentiality) for packet headers and data” (NIST.gov). While AH is has been replaced by newer, more secure technologies such as ESP, it is still good to be aware of should you encounter an environment in which it is still used.

Question 3

Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)

Answer 3

is “the core IPsec security protocol; [it] can provide integrity protection and (optionally) encryption protection for packet headers and data”

Question 4

Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)

Answer 4

is a connection used to transport data by some protocols; for example Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) uses GRE.

Question 5

The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

Question 6

IPSec

Answer 6

IPSec is not one lone protocol; however, it is a group of protocols that used in conjunction with one another is a part of setting up secured encrypted connections, such as VPNs.

Question 7

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Answer 7

is connection-oriented and with that has guaranteed delivery (as much as it can be). Sequence and acknowledgments are tracked with header fields in each segment

Question 8

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

Answer 8

connectionless and thus a non-guaranteed connection. However, due to being connectionless, there are less header fields required. UDP is used by protocols in which out-of-order packets or lost packets can be tolerated.