DAY 1- PCP CONCEPTS Flashcards
Iodine forms iodine crystals when it touches a cold surface. What is the reverse of the process being described?
sublimation
The person’s sense of smell and taste depends on specific biochemical receptors present in a person’s nose and mouth. In 2004, a Nobel Prize was given to the researchers who established this fact and identified the type of organic compound associated with the sense of smell and taste. The chemical identified was
rhodopsin
The oxidation number of Chromium in CrF6^3+
3
Fatty acids such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid are long unbranched carboxylic acids consisting of 12 to 20 carbon atoms. Which type of fatty acid should people avoid ingesting, saturated or unsaturated? Why?
Saturated, because the risk of cardiovascular disease is increased
A voltaic cell is represented by the following equation:
Fe + Zn2+ -> Fe2+ + Zn
Which electrode is the anode and which electrode is the cathode?
Anode= Fe ; Cathode= Zn
What other particle is formed in the fusion of two protons to yield deuterium?
positron
Which isotope is produced when Polonium-216 decays by emitting an aloha particle followed by two beta particles?
Polonium-212
Process of breaking down a large isotope into smaller isotopes
nuclear fission
In a dehydration reaction where water is lost, an organic compound C3H8O reacts with concentrated phosphoric acid and a product is formed. This product rapidly decolorizes a solution of bromine in tetrachloromethane. What is this product?
propene
An adiabatic process is one in which the system under investigation is thermally isolated so that there is no exchange of heat with the surroundings. Thus, the work done on a closed system in an adiabtic process is _______
equal to the increase in internal energy of the system
State Le Chatelier’s Principle
Le Chatelier’s Principle state that when a stress is placed on a system in equilibrium, the sytem tends to change in a way that relieves the stress.
The ion that would be isoelectronic with the noble gas Xenon is
I- (Iodine ion)
In order ro describe the intensive state of a system at equilibrium, specify the degress of freedom for a one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase system.
F=2, F=1, and F=0
If Radon-222 disintegrates to a stable condition by emitting three alpha emissions and two beta emission, determine the stable nucleus formed.
210Pb82
The compounds are formed by the reaction of acids with alcohols.
Esters
To which subatomic particle does each statement refer to
a. has a positive charge
b. is found outside of the nucleus
c. has the smallest mass
d. has a negative charge
proton, electron, electron, electron
What is the Clapeyron Equation?
It postulates that the temperature and pressure both change in such a way as to keep the chemical potentials of two phases equal to each other, the rates of change are given by the equation.
Applying the Gibbs phase rule in the degrees of freedom, determine the number of degrees of freedom of:
- Liquid water in equilibrium with its vapor
- Liquid water in equilibrium with a mixture of water vapor and nitrogen
- A liquid solution of alcohol in water in equilibrium with its vapor
F=1; F=2; F=2
Which would make more efficient cold compress, ethanol or methanol?
Methanol
Give the technical names of Sc3+, Ti2+, Sr2+
Scandium (III) ion, Titanium (II) ion, Strontium (II) ion
Name the major physiologically active substances that comes from: bark of the willow tree, the pituatary gland, the sap of the poppy, and the belladenna plant.
Salicin, beta-endomorphin, opium, atropine
Draw the condensed and skeletal structures of diethyl ether which is used by most doctors and hospitals as an anesthetic during operations.
CH3CH2OCH2CH3
The element Neon was discovered in 1898 by:
Travers and Ramsay
What is the buckyball?
A fullerene
A solution of cation gives a crimson red flame. This flame test is a confirmatory test for:
Sr2+ ; Strontium (II) ion
What is the color of nickel chloride?
yellow
Substances whose solutions change color due to changes in pH.
Indicator
It is an organic reaction that converts alcohol into alkyl chlorine using triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrachloride.
Appel Reaction
It is the major component of lecithin
Phosphatidylcholine
Polymer used in bullet proof vest.
Linear Polyethylene
*Author** of octet rule.
Gilbert Lewis
Which of the following indicators is used in EDTA titration?
a. solochrome
b. calmagite
c. eriochrome black t
d. all of these
d. all of these
The theory of resonance was developed by ______ in order to further explain the bonding structures of molecules or ions not covered by Lewis Octet Rule.
Linus Pauling
Taurine, a beta amino acid belongs to the acidic group of:
-SO2OH
In a standard chemical reaction, rate is governed by the relationship rate=pze-E/RT, where p and z refer to the probability that reacting molecules make a favorable encounter. To increase the probability of reaction, enzymes are employed. Based on the above equation, if E is the activation energy, which is more favorable and why? A lower of higher E?
Lower E so that a proton can be donated or stolen for the reactants leading
Define the relationship between the number of electrons in the valence shell and the number of covalent bonds it forms:
a. Carbon
b. Nitrogen
c. Oxygen
d. Hydrogen
C= 4 electrons, 4 bonds; N= 5 electrons, 3 bonds; O= electrons, 2 bonds; H= 2 electrons, 2 bonds
The coexistence curve where the plot of pressure versus temperature along which the two phases coexist was shown by Clausius-Clapeyron. What did Clausius postulate?
The Clapyeron equation was simplified by assuming that the vapor obeys the ideal gas law and by neglecting the molar volume of the liquid VL in comparison with the molar volume of the gas VG.
What is the significance of colligative property in physical chemistry?
It refers to the freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure, and lowering of the vapor pressure by a nonvolatile solute
In the collision theory of chemical kinetics, it is suggested that reaction rate is governed by the relationship rate= Pze-E/RT. What can an enzyme do to the activation energy of the reaction E?
Enzymes provide an alternative reaction pathway in lowering the energy level of the reaction.
Identify the organic compounds in the following equation:
CH3CH(OH)CH2CHO -> CH3CH=CH + H2O
carbonyl aldehyde ; cis or trans-isomer
In the study of fats and lipids, determine which of the two triglycerides has a higher melting point. Substance A containing only lauric acid and glycerol, or substance B containing only stearic acid and glycerol?
Subtance B
What is the theory of two or three-dimensional collision to be applied when playing billiard balls in order to sink the target ball in the corner pocket?
Where two equal masses undergo a glancing elastic collision
When a *Thorium-230 atom undersgoes alpha decay**, the products of the reaction are usually
Radium and alpha particle
When traveling at NLEX at 80 mph, a stopped car in front causes you to suddenly skid to stop. What happened to the kinetic energy of the moving car?
All of it transferred to the road and surroundings
Are reversible process frictionless? Why?
Because when reversed, retraces its forward path and restores the initial state of the system and surroundings.
What is the Nujol Mull in the organic reactions?
It is a mass spectrum technique and is obtained by grinding up a solid which is mixed with mineral oil to form a suspension for IR spectroscopy.
