Day 1-Midterm Flashcards
Define the steps in the “Ideal Waste Management Hierarchy”
- Source Reduction,
- Waste Minimization,
- Reuse,
- Recycle,
- Treat and energy recovery, and,
- Disposal.
Name the 4 main ways of dealing with waste
Burn
Dump
Minimize
Recycle
Approximately when did waste start to become a problem?
1000BC
What is an issue with the statement: “Concentrate and Contain”?
All Contaminant Systems leak/fail over time
Name 5 issues with waste management today.
- Volume and diverse nature of waste streams
- $$$$ - funding limitations
- Limited Space - Growing Urban Populations
- Limitations on physical space for landfills - NIMBY
- Public Awareness, advocacy and attitude - Incentive programs
DEFINE: Dangerous Good
A product, substance or organism (biological hazard) that, by its nature or by the regulations in the TDG act, included in any of the classes listed in the schedule to that act.
DEFINE: Waste
Any solid or liquid material, product, or combination of them that is intended to be treated or disposed of or that is intended to be stored and then treated or disposed of, but DOES NOT include recyclables
DEFINE: Hazardous Waste
Waste that has one or more of the properties described in Sched. 1 of WCR, but does NOT include those wastes listed in Sched. 2 of WCR
DEFINE: Hazardous Recyclables
- Has one or more properties described in Sched. 1
- It IS WASTE but is not ready to be disposed of yet.
DEFINE: Inert waste
Solid waste that when disposed of in a landfill or re-used is not reasonably expected to undergo Physical, Chemical, or Biological changes or may cause an adverse effect
- not going to become hazardous
DEFINE: Oilfield Waste
Unwanted Substance from the Construction, Operation, Abandonment, or Reclamation of a facility.
Regulated by the OIL and GAS Conservation Act, NOT the EPEA.
What does the term “Waste Stream” refer to?
Where a waste is obtained.
What are the 2 ways Waste Streams categorized?
- Broadly by the Generator
- Industrial
- Commercial
- Municipal
- Institutional - By Type of Waste
- Agricultural
- Bio-solids
- Biomedical waste
- Construction/Demolition
- Radioactive
- Oil Field
- Household
- Electronic
Oil Field waste is regulated by…..?
The EUP
Non-Oil Field waste is regulated by…..?
The WCR via the AUGWM
What are the 3 sub-divisions of waste streams?
Hazardous waste (H.W.) Non-Hazardous waste (N.H.W.) Hazardous Recyclables (H.R.)
What table of the AUGWM do you find wastes associated with particular industrial processes and may contain a variety of wastes?
Table 3 - TDGR listed wastes
Which table deals with discarded commercial chemicals?
Table 4
DEFINE: Waste Generator
the person responsible for the classification of the waste
What are the 2 main approaches to classify waste in Alberta?
Waste Type and Classification Method
DEFINE: Household waste
has properties of HW, but remains in possession of homeowner or is unsegregated in a municipal WMS, it is considered EXEMPT.
ie. Batteries
DEFINE: Agricultural Waste
- manure
- chemicals
EXEMPT
DEFINE: Domestic Waste
- Bio-solids
- septic tanks
- municipal systems
EXEMPT
DEFINE: Radioactive waste
Regulated by the Atomic Energy Control Act (Canada)
EXEMPT
DEFINE: Waste resulting from emergency spill clean-ups
Allows clean-ups to proceed as quickly as possible
EXEMPT
DEFINE: Biomedical Waste
- needles
- cell cultures
- research/clinical materials
Regulated by the RHA
EXEMPT
There are 2 types of oil sands operations, regulations are dependent upon these specific recovery methods.
Drilling or In-Situ - Reg.d by the EUB
Mining - Reg.d by the WCR
DEFINE: Small quantities exception
can have the properties of a HW, but is <5.0L (liquids)
Does not apply to substances listed in Table 4b
Regulated per calendar month
Type “P” wastes…..
- Prohibited for transportation
- Not reg.d by the WCR
- Listed in Table 1a of AUGWM
DEFINE: CEPA
Canadian Environmental Protection Act
DEFINE: TDGR
Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulation;
- sets national standards for control of toxic substances and priority pollutants
- Reg.s Inter-provincial movement of dangerous goods, incl. HW
- Reg.s the import/export of HW
- provides guidance for transport classification, documentation, ect
DEFINE: AENV
Alberta Environment;
- covered in Part 9 of Act
- applies to generators, carriers, storers, recyclers, treaters, and disposers of waste
- recognizes that the responsibility of polluters to pay for the cost of their actions
DEFINE: EUB
Alberta Energy and Utility board
DEFINE: RHA
Regional Health Authority
DEFINE: WCR
Waste Control Regulations;
- Outlines Admin. and Tech. req.s for HW, NHW, and HR in Alberta.
- Includes classification, manifesting, transporting, importing, storage, land filling, financial securities and Liabilities.
DEFINE: ADR
Activities Designation Regulation;
- identifies waste related activities that require approval, registration, or notification
DEFINE: SRR
Substance Release Regulation;
- details How MUCH or WHAT substance may be released
DEFINE: ARPR
Approval and Registration Procedure Regulation;
- Outlines information needed/procedures to take to obtain approvals and registration
DEFINE: AUGWM
Alberta Users Guide for Waste Managers;
- interprets/explains the WCR
- gives extensive lists of HW and NHW to minimize the analytical testing during waste classification
TDG Class 1 dangerous goods
Explosives
TDG Class 2 dangerous goods
Gases
TDG Class 3 dangerous goods
Flammable Liquids
TDG Class 4 dangerous goods
Flammable Solids
TDG Class 5 dangerous goods
Oxidizing substances
TDG Class 6 dangerous goods
Toxic/Infectious Substances
TDG Class 7 dangerous goods
Radioactive materials
TDG Class 8 dangerous goods
Corrosives
TDG Class 9 dangerous goods
Miscellaneous Products, substances, or organisms
TDG has _____ classes of dangerous goods, WCR has ______.
9, 7
A TCLP, Toxic characteristic Leaching Procedure, is used to determine…..?
if a class 9 substance is a toxic leachate in a dispersible form containing a conc. of 100mg/L or greater of any substance in Table 1, or if the leachate contains any substance in table 2 in excess conc.’s
NAMING - Bulk classification process
WASTE, Chemical name (primary property)
NAMING - Diluted waste, single chemical process
Environmentally Hazardous Substance (Name and conc. of highest conc. chemical)
NAMING - Waste mixture with same classes
WASTE, Primary Classification, State, NOS* (highest conc. of compound and amount)
NAMING - Waste mixture with different classes
WASTE, Primary Classification, State, (secondary class) NOS* (highest conc. of compound and amount)
NAMING - Diluted Wastes
Environmentally Hazardous Substance (highest conc. of compound and amount)
NAMING - PCB contaminated wastes
WASTE, Chemical contaminated with PCBs
NAMING - Leachate issues from chemicals found in table 1
Toxic Leachate Waste Containing Chemical in highest conc. that exceeds regulatory level
NAMING - Leachate issues from chemicals found in table 2
Toxic Leachate Waste Containing Chemical in highest conc. that exceeds regulatory level by highest ratio
DEFINE: DWI
Deep well injection
List the 2 waste disposal options
Landfills and DWI
DEFINE: Dump
place for the disposal of domestic waste
DEFINE: Sanitary Landfill
place for the disposal of refuse and other waste materials by BURYING and COVERing with soil.
- engineered design
- compacts waste
DEFINE: AEPEA
act which all the other reg.s, std.s, and codes must adhere to
Municipal modified Sanitary Landfills
Services < 10,000ppl, Municipal solid waste
Municipal Regional Sanitary Landfill
Services > 10,000ppl, Municipal solid waste, generally Urban
Municipal Dry Waste Site
can’t be used for normal household waste, takes demolition waste, ash, concrete, scrap metal, etc.
Industrial Class 1 landfill
highest risk, accepts solid or liquid wastes (except those excluded), the ONLY landfill that accepts HW.
Industrial Class 2 landfill
non hazardous, most common, no HW accepted, High to medium risk.
equivalent to Municipal Sanitary Landfills
Industrial Class 3 Landfill
Low risk, ONLY accepts inert solid waste, No HW/putrescible/liquid wastes accepted.
Equivalent to Municipal Dry waste site
Oilfield Class 1a
accepts solid oilfield wastes/HW/NHW 2 liners, 1 is geosynthetic leak detection system between liners leachate collection system Equivalent to class 1 Industrial landfill
Oilfield Class 1b
have 1 liner and leachate collection system
Oilfield Class 2
Only non hazardous solids oilfield wastes
only 1 liner
have leachate collection system
Equivalent to Municipal Sanitary or Class 2 Industrial Landfills
Oilfield Class 3
Only N.H chemically inert, non leachable solid oilfield wastes
Inert waste only
Equivalent to Municipal Dry waste site and Class 2 Industrial LF
3 Groups of Landfills
Municipal
Industrial
Oilfield
