Day 1 - Chemical And Physical Principles

Question 1

Waxes are

Answer 1

Fatty acids and alcohol esters

Question 2

The rate of nucleophilic substitution of tert-butyl bromide with OH- is found to be independent of the concentration of OH- at any instant. It can be that the reaction is

Answer 2

First-order (SN1)

Question 3

SN1 reactions of alkyl halides

Answer 3

A 2-step reaction mechanism (slow step and fast step) is involved.

Question 4

Trimethyl-n-propylammonium is heated with KOH to yield N,N,N-trimethylamine and

Answer 4

Propene

Question 5

Reduction of ethyl cinnamate using LiAlH4 produces the alcohol

Answer 5

2-cyclohexylprop-2-en-ol

Question 6

Styrene undergoes ozonolysis to yield two carbony compounds. What are these?

Answer 6

Benzaldehyde and formaldehyde

Question 7

The reaction of alkyne where keto-enol tautomerism can exist is

Answer 7

Ozonolysis

Question 8

Chylomicrons are synthesized in

Answer 8

Intestine0

Question 9

Palmitate has 16 carbons with

Answer 9

More than 3 double bonds

Question 10

Who discovered Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)?

Answer 10

Albert Szent-Gyorgyi

Question 11

With an increase in pressure in gaseous phase chemical reactions, the fractional conversion _______ when the number of moles decreases.

Answer 11

Increases

Question 12

Vitamin K1 was first isolated from alfalalfa and has the phytyl side chain consisting of

Answer 12

Four isoprene units

Question 13

A ketogenic amino acid is one which degrades to keto-sugars

Answer 13

Pyruvate or citric acid cycle intermediates

Question 14

Reaction of benzene with chlorine gas to produce tri-chlorobenzene exemplifies _____ reaction.

Answer 14

Series

Question 15

In the normal breakdown of phenylalanine, it is initially degraded to

Answer 15

Tyrosine

Question 16

Ethanol is also known as

Answer 16

Grain alcohol

Question 17

Densest element

Answer 17

Osmium

Question 18

Simplest atom

Answer 18

Hydrogen

Question 19

Atoms that have the same atomic number but different atomic mass.

Answer 19

Isotopes

Question 20

One or two more distinct forms of an element

Answer 20

Allotrope

Question 21

Caffeine

Answer 21

C8H10N4O2

Question 22

Avogadro’s number is honore to

Answer 22

Amedeo Avogadro

Question 23

Chalcopyrite

Answer 23

CuFeS2

Question 24

Common contaminant in BTEx process

Answer 24

Sulfur

Question 25

Alar/Daminozide

Answer 25

C6H12N2O3

Question 26

Primary application of ethylene

Answer 26

Use as a plant hormone for ripening of fruits

Question 27

Other for lecithin

Answer 27

Phosphatidylcholine

Question 28

Capsaicin is extracted from

Answer 28

Capsicum Formula: C18H27NO3

Question 29

A compound formed by the reaction of malonic acid and urea with a catalyst, as discovered by Adolf von Baeyer

Answer 29

Barbaturic acid

Question 30

Structural characteristics that citric and malic acid have in common

Answer 30

Both are hydroxy acids

Question 31

Dominant composition of acid rain

Answer 31

Nitric acid and sulfuric acid

Question 32

Bronsted-Lowry acid

Answer 32

Donates proton

Question 33

Bronsted-Lowry base

Answer 33

Accepts proton

Question 34

Aluminum Hydroxide = Al(OH)3

Answer 34

pKs=32.9 Coagulation

Question 35

Aluminum Phosphate = AlPO4

Answer 35

pKs=22 Phosphate removal

Question 36

Calcium Carbonate (Aragonite) = CaCO3

Answer 36

pKs=8.34 Softening and corrosion removal

Question 37

Ferric Hydroxide = Fe(OH)3

Answer 37

pKs=38.57 Coagulation and iron removal

Question 38

Ferric phosphate =FePO4

Answer 38

pKs=21.9 Phosphate removal

Question 39

Magnesium Hydroxide = Mg(OH)2

Answer 39

pKs=11.25 Removal of magnesium and calcium

Question 40

Dolomite = CaMg(CO3)2

Answer 40

pKs=17.09 Weathering of dolomitic minerals

Question 41

Kaolinite = Al2Si2O5(OH)4

Answer 41

pKs=7.44 Weathering of kaolinite clays

Question 42

Gypsum = CaSO4*2H2O

Answer 42

pKs=4.58 Weathering of gypsum minerals

Question 43

Half life of Cesium-137

Answer 43

30 years

Question 44

Cupric Oleate

Answer 44

Cu(C18H33O2)2

Question 45

Emerald

Answer 45

Be3Al2Si6O18

Question 46

Prussian Blue

Answer 46

Fe4(FeCN6)3

Question 47

Lapis Lazuli

Answer 47

Na4SSi3Al3O12

Question 48

Sherwood Roland and Mario Molina work on stratospheric ozone depletion garnered them the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. What species did they determine that acts as a catalyst for the decomposition of ozone?

Answer 48

Chlorine atoms

Question 49

Paul Crutzen discovered that

Answer 49

Nitrogen oxides react catalytically with O3.

Question 50

Soaps are

Answer 50

Triglycerides and Amphiphatic

Question 51

Fatty acids are

Answer 51

Non-polar and Hydrophobic

Question 52

Kernite

Answer 52

Na2B4O7.4H2O

Question 53

Borax

Answer 53

Na2B4O7.10H2O

Question 54

Cobalt-60

Answer 54

Cancer therapy

Question 55

Tritium

Answer 55

Measure of water content in the body

Question 56

Thallium-201

Answer 56

Heart scan in exercise

Question 57

Mercury-197

Answer 57

Kidney scan

Question 58

Raschig Process is the synthesis of

Answer 58

Hydrazine (N2H4)

Question 59

Chromium-51

Answer 59

Diagnose albinism

Question 60

Gallium-67

Answer 60

whole body scan for tumors

Question 61

Selenium-75

Answer 61

pancreas scan

Question 62

Glenn T. Seaborg

Answer 62

Superheavy elements from Plutonium to Lawrencium

Question 63

Iodine-131

Answer 63

thyroid malfunctions

Question 64

Krypton-81m

Answer 64

lung ventilation scans

Question 65

Often bombarded with the various isotopes of lead in order to produce most of the new superheavy elements

Answer 65

calcium-48 and nickel-64

Question 66

Richard Axel and Linda Buck

Answer 66

Rhodopsin (Olfactory Receptors)

Question 67

Retinal (Vitamin A)

Answer 67

George Wald

Question 68

Riboflavin

Answer 68

Vitamin B12

Question 69

Laughing Gas

Answer 69

Nitrous Oxide (N2O)

Question 70

Tear Gas

Answer 70

CS gas (2-chlorobenzalmalonitrile) - C10H5ClN2 - 188.45 Chloropicrin - CCl3NO2 - 164.35

Question 71

Distribution of molecular speed

Answer 71

James Clark Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann

Question 72

Pituitary Gland

Answer 72

Beta endorphins

Question 73

Opium Seeds

Answer 73

Opium - urine test

Question 74

Belladona Plant

Answer 74

Atropine

Question 75

Bark of willow tree

Answer 75

Salicin - ester of salicylic acid

Question 76

Cerargyrite

Answer 76

AgCl

Question 77

Part of a molecule where most of its chemical reactions occur

Answer 77

Functional group

Question 78

What is Wurtz synthesis?

Answer 78

It uses sodium in dry ether and doubles the carbon in the alkyl halide.

Question 79

Methods of preparing alkanes from alkyl halides

Answer 79

1. hydrolysis of Grignard reagents 2. Reduction by metal and acid 3. Reduction with alkali-metal hydrides 4. Wurtz reaction

Question 80

Addition of HBr to alkynes results in the formation of

Answer 80

geminal dihalide

Question 81

Hydrogenation of alkenes in the presence of poisoned palladium catalyst produces

Answer 81

alkane

Question 82

Carbonylgroup gives

Answer 82

structure C double bond O

Question 83

Proteins are composed of

Answer 83

Amino acids

Question 84

Hydrocarbon derivatives used as a main ingredient in automobile antifreeze

Answer 84

ethylene glycol

Question 85

Ozonolysis of alkanes yields

Answer 85

ketone

Question 86

Ozonolysis of alkenes yields

Answer 86

aldehyde

Question 87

Ozonolysis of alkynes yields

Answer 87

carboxylic acid

Question 88

Reduction of alkyl phenyl ketones to aromatic hydrocarbons done by Wolf-Kishner Reduction uses

Answer 88

N2H4, KOH

Question 89

Hexanedionic Acid

Answer 89

adipic acid

Question 90

malonic acid

Answer 90

propanedioic acid

Question 91

succinic acid

Answer 91

amber acid

Question 92

glutaric acid

Answer 92

pentanedioic acid

Question 93

Addition of an alocohol to acyl halides produces

Answer 93

ester

Question 94

Cyclic esters are also known as

Answer 94

lactones

Question 95

the scent of banana is due to the ester

Answer 95

i-pentyl acetate

Question 96

butanoic acid is also known as

Answer 96

rancid butter

Question 97

OH groups bonded to vinylic, sp2-hybridized carbons are called

Answer 97

enol

Question 98

carboxylic acids are reduced by lithium aluminum hydride to the corresponding

Answer 98

primary alcohols