DAY 1 Flashcards
The thyroid gland is invested in what structure?
Pretracheal fascia
Splits to enclose the trapezius and the SCM
Superficial cervical fascia
Forms a false capsule of the thyroid gland
Pretracheal layer
Surrounds the thyroid, parathyroid and encloses the infrahyoid muscles
Pretracheal layer
Forms the fascial floor of the posterior triangle
Prevertebral layer
Which cranial nerve descends through the neck in the carotid sheath A. Vagus B. Hypoglossal C. Accessory D. Glossopharyngeal
A. Vagus
Internal jugular vein is in what orientation in the carotid sheath?
Lateral
Common and internal carotid artery is in what orientation in the carotid sheath?
Medial
Vagus is in what orientation in the carotid sheath?
Posterior
Dental abscess now with chest pain and infection to the mediastinum. Which pathway? A. Retrophyngeal B. Masticator C pretracheal D. Suprasternal
A. Retropharyngeal
What are the potential spaces in the deep fascia of the neck
Visceral
Retropharyngeal
Submandibular
Masticatory
Space that lies between vertebral and visceral compartment and contains loose connective tissue
Retropharyngeal space
Retropharyngeal space is located _____ to the visceral part of the pretracheal fascia
Anteriorly
Retropharyngeal space is located _______ to the prevertebral fascia
Posteriorly
Retropharyngeal space is located ___ to the carotid sheath
Laterally
Ludwig’s angina primarily involves what plane?
Submandibular
Separates the sublingual and submandibular
Mylohyoid
Form of cellulitis or connective tissue disorder that affects submandibular, submental and sublingual spaces
Ludwig’s angina
Superficial muscle of the neck?
Platysma
Deep investing muscle?
Scm and trapezius
Muscle of facial expression
Cervical branch of facial nerve
Hyoid bone lies at what level of cervical vertebra
C3
The only bone that does not articulate with another bone
Hyoid bone
Muscles that elevate the hyoid
Suprahyoid muscles Digastric Mylohyoid Stylohyoid Geniohyoid
Nerve supply: digastric anterior belly
Nerve to mylohyoid
Nerve supply: digastric posterior
Facial
Nerve supply: stylohyoid
Facial
Nerve supply: mylohyoid
Nerve to mylohyoid
Nerve supply: geniohyoid
1st cervical
The only infrahyoid muscle that has no action on the hyoid bone
Sternothyroid
The only infrahyoid muscle that has no action on the hyoid bone
Sternothyroid
Infrahoid muscles
Deep
Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Superficial
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Nerve supply of the infrahyoid except the thyrohyoid
Ansa cervicalis, 1st cervical
Depresses the hyoid bone and elevated the larynx
Thyrohyoid
Anterior triangles of the neck
Digastric
Carotid
Muscular
Posterior triangle of the neck
Occipital
Supraclavicular
Boundaries
Ant belly if the digastric
Hyoid bone
Floor : mylohoid
Submental
Contents of submental triangle
Lymoh nodes
Vessels
The only unpaired triangle
Submental
Boundaries
Ant and post bellies of digastric
Inferior border of the mandible
Floor: mylohoid
Digastric
Digastric is also known as the?
Submandibular triangle
Boundaries
Superior belly of the omohyoid
Posterior belly of the digastric
Anterior border of the scm
Carotid triangle
Felt at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage
Carotid pulse
What crosses the occipital triangle
Accessory nerve
Presents with weakness of the trapezius
Diff in shrugging the shoulders, elevating the scapula
Diff abducting the arm
Accessory nerve lesion
Vessels that passes the posterior triangle
Subclavian artery and vein
Supraclavicular triangle is a.k.a
Subclavian triangle/ omoclavicular/suboccipital
The thryoid gland is connected by the isthmus at the level of
Second third fourth tracheal rings
Base of the thyroid gland is found at the?
Level of the 4th or 5th tracheal ring
Weight of the thyroid
20g
Band that connects the pyramidal lobe to the hyoid bone
Levator glandulae thyroidea
Pyramidal lobe usually presents to the
Left of midline
Blood supply of the thyroid
Superior- external carotid
Inferior - thyrocervical trunk
Venous drainage of thyroid
Superior thyroid - IJV
Middle thyroid -IJV
Inferior thyroid - brachiocephalic
Small thyroid artery that arises midline and from the aortic arch or the brachiocephalic trunk. Reaches the thyroid isthmus inferiorly
Thyroid ima
Vein that is always associated with the isthmus of the thyroid
Inferior thyroid vein
Remnant of the thyroglossal duct
Foramen cecum
Most common ectopic thyroid
Lingual
Cancer cells in the thyroid malignancy will metastize to this group of lymph nodes
CN V
Oral and lip will metastize to LN?
1,2,3
Oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx will metastize to LN
2,3,4
Nasopharynx and thryoid will metastize to LN?
5
Pharynx communicates with a total of 7 cavities
R and left nasal R and elft tympanic Oral Laryngeal Esophageal
Gag reflex afferent
Cn 9
Gag reflex efferent
Cn 10
Nerve supply: nasal pharynx
Maxillary nerve v2
Nerve supply; oral pharynx
Glossooharyngeal
Nerve supply: laryngeal
Internal laryngeal nerve of the vagus nerve
Palatine tonsillectomy
Glossopharyngeal nerve maybe injured causing loss of general and taste sensation on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Lymphoid tissue that surrounds the opening into the respiratory and digestive
Waldeyer ring
Lateral to the waldeyer ring
Palatine and tubal tonsil
Upper to the waldeyer ring
Pharyngeal tonsil
Lower to the waldeyer ring
Lingual tonsil
Extends between the epiglottis and arytenoid cartilage
Quadrangular membrane
Voice production
Larynx
Cartilage that forms the laryngeal prominence
Thyroid
Largest paired laryngeal cartilage
Arytenoid
Pierced in each side by the superior laryngeal vessls and internal laryngeal nerve
Thyrohyoid membrane
Cricoid cartilage is at the level of
C6
Cricothyroid cartilage is ____ to the thyroid cartilage
Immediately inferior
Fixed laryngeal fold?
Vestibular fold
Avascular and white in color laryngeal fold
Vocal fold
