Day 1- 228

Question 0

Chiaroscuro

Answer 0

The use of light and shade in a painting; the skill displayed by the painter in management of shadows

Question 1

Perspective

Answer 1

a point of view that shows the relationship between one thing and another

Question 2

Etching

Answer 2

art of engraving with acid on metal; print taken from a metal plate

Question 3

mezzotint

Answer 3

a method of engraving that leaves the impression of light and shadow (chiaroscuro)

Question 4

palimpsest

Answer 4

manuscripts inscribed on parchment in ancient Egypt, written on both sides. Pages could be erased and reused.

Question 5

Pentimento

Answer 5

evidence that an original work had been altered

Question 6

fresco

Answer 6

paintings that were painted on damp lime plaster, which helped hold the paint and its color. (Last supper=fresco)

Question 7

tempera

Answer 7

painting method (pigment mixed w/ egg yolk, creating distemper) used in mural painting, usually applied on dry walls. Helps produce clear, pure colors.

Question 8

pointillism

Answer 8

technique of painting using dots of color to create an image

Question 9

mosaic

Answer 9

art made by settling small colored pieces of glass, stone, or marble in mortar to create a picture

Question 10

genre painting

Answer 10

a realistic style of painting in which everydat life forms the subjectayyer, as distinguished from religious or historical painting

Question 11

collage

Answer 11

a composition made with cut amd pasted pieces of material, sometimes scraps combined with objects painted into a picture

Question 12

cave paintingd

Answer 12

earliest european paintings depicted of animals on the walls of caves more than 20,000 years old

Question 13

Byzantine

Answer 13

art style developed after Byzantine became the capital of the Roman Empire (c. 330). Depicts of monumental, stylized, rigid images set on gold backgrounds.

Question 14

Gothic

Answer 14

movement begun in France with sculpture followed by painting. (c. 1300) A graceful, linear, elegant style more naturalistic than earlier European forms, far less rigid than Byzantine art.

Question 15

Romanesque

Answer 15

style that emerged from France (mid-eleventh century). Ornamental, stylized, and complex in both sculpture and painting. Often used in huggge churches.

Question 16

classicism

Answer 16

Ancient Greek or Roman art, emphasized harmony, proportion, balance and simplicity. Based on accepted standards of beauty. Usually seen as the opposite of art of Romantic.

Question 17

Renaissance

Answer 17

European art from c. 1400-1600. Began in Italy and stressed the forms of classical antiquity, which emphasozed realistic use of space, perspective, and secular objects. (da Vinci; Michaelangelo; Raphael; Titan)

Question 18

baroque

Answer 18

style developed in Europe and Latin America during seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Works were produced on a grand scale with a high sense of drama. Fascination with intense emotional states, bright colors, shadong intensified.

Question 19

rococo

Answer 19

in reaction to baroque, artists using this style used highly decorative, refined, or elegant forms. Use of parisian tapestries, bronze art, furniture, shells, scrolls, branches, flowers, etc.

Question 20

realism

Answer 20

Nineteenth century art movement devloped in favor of commonplace, everyday objects.

Question 21

romanticism

Answer 21

European movement (late 18th to mid-19th centuries) that rejected return to classical ideas (neoclassicism); Emphasized emotion and spontaneous expression over reason. Subject matter energetic and dramatic

Question 22

symbolism

Answer 22

painting movement that emerged in Paris in the 1800s. Subject matter suggested rather than painted directly, in stylized evocative images.

Question 23

cubism

Answer 23

revolutionary movement by Picasso and Baroque in Paris. (c. 1907); Fragments the subject matter and shows it in multiple points of view simultaneously. Presents mind with a puzzle.

Question 24

surrealism

Answer 24

Art movement beginning in France in the 1920s that explored the unconscious by using dreamlike images, spontaneous techniques, and surprising juxtaposition of objects. Pushed boundaries of art.

Question 25

abstract expressionism

Answer 25

Begun in New york city in the 1940s. emphasizing spintaneous personal expression and the act of painting itself; Ignored accepted artistic balues and calls attention to the surface of the painting- brush strokes and texture

Question 26

minimalism

Answer 26

painting and sculpture reduced to pure forms and strict systematic compositions

Question 27

iconography

Answer 27

The study and interpretation of the symbolic meanings of images or representational figures

Question 28

vault

Answer 28

a curbed ceiling over a room made m of brick, tile, blocks, or concrete

Question 29

mullions

Answer 29

slender vertical bars that divide panes in windows

Question 30

buttresses

Answer 30

projecting supports built into or against the external wall of the building to strengthen it, particularly when a vault or arch places a heavy load on one section

Question 31

romanesque (architecure)

Answer 31

The style of European architecture of the 11th and 12th centuries that was based on Roman style with round arches, massive, thick walls, and austerior interiors

Question 32

Norman

Answer 32

The style that was developed from 1066 to 1154 in areas conquered by the Normans; France, England, Italy and Sicily; Norman buildings were based on Romanesque architecture. English and French churches were shaped like a cross and had square towers. Often carved moldings were used along with grotesque animal sculptures.

Question 33

Tudor

Answer 33

architectural style in England prevalent during the reign of the Tudors, Henry VII, Henry VIII and Mary I. This style combined brickwork with half-timbers, gables and many chimneys, and emphasize a domestic look inside

Question 34

Georgian

Answer 34

The prevailing style of architecture in England during the reigns of George I, II, and III. (1714-1830). formally classic buildings were primarily palaces and villas near Venice. They were also with Temple fronts and formal floor plans.

Question 35

Rococo (architecture)

Answer 35

Originated in france (1720) a d characterized by use of various materials such as stucco, metal, wood, and employed brilliant and delicate ornamentation.

Question 36

Renaissance (architecture)

Answer 36

this European-style of the 15th and 16th centuries began in Italy. Symmetry, simplicity, and precise mathematical relationships of the ancient Romans were adapted for contemporary use.

Question 37

Baroque (architecture)

Answer 37

during the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe and Latin america, architecture as well as art was produced on a grand scale. Buildings (Versailles) imposed order on different firms such as complex ground plans, fountains, waterfalls, and facades that appear to change in light.

Question 38

classical revival

Answer 38

Revival of the Greek and Roman traditions in England and the U.S. in the late 18th and 19th centuries. Sometimes called “neoclassical”

Question 39

Bauhaus

Answer 39

A radical departure from earlier desgin styles, the teachings of the Bauhaus School emphasizer functional skills and craft as those applied to industrial problems of mass production.

Question 40

International style

Answer 40

A movement in the 1920s in the U.S., became the dominant style of the mid-twentieth century. Architects used glass, steel, and other modern materials and focused on structure and function.

Question 41

Andrea Palladio

Answer 41

(1508-15808): Influential Italian renaissance architect whose drawings of Roman architecture and his own plans were published in The Four Books of architecture (1570). Designed formally classic buildings, palaces, villas.

Question 42

Giovanni Bernini

Answer 42

(1598-1680); Dominant figure of Italian baroque architecture, produced dramatic works of architecture enhanced with sculpture. Architect of St peter’s cathedral in Rome and designed interior details and the great Piazza in front of St Peters

Question 43

Sir Christopher Wren

Answer 43

(1632-1723): British architect, mathmetucuan, and astronomer; designed St. Pauls Cathedral in London and 52 other churches. Also designed Trinity College Library at Cambridge university and Sheldonian Theatre at Oxford.

Question 44

Frank Lloyd Wright

Answer 44

(1867-1959): great American architect who respected nature and organic forms. Felt that structures should fut into the environment, take advantage of natural settings, and constructed of same materials they sit on; famous for Fallingwater, centilevered over a waterfall.

Question 45

Stanford White

Answer 45

(1953-1906) American architect whose work with C.F McKim and William R. Maede influenced NYC architecture at the turn of the twentieth century; Washington memorial Arch, Century Club, Madison Square Garden (was shot and killed there as well

Question 46

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Answer 46

(1886-1969): German-Anerican architect, founder of modern architecture. Took over as director if Bauhaus. Lateroved to Chicago to teach in what is now the Illinois Inst. of Technology. Coined phrases: Less is more; God is in the details; form follows functionב

Question 47

Le Corbusier

Answer 47

(1887-1965) Swiss architect worked in France; wrote book Towards a new Architecture (1923), which had a revolutionary effect on int’l development if modern architecture. Produced radical schemes for houses and architecture.

Question 48

I.M. Pei

Answer 48

(1916-) Chinese American architect, integrates structure and environment, favoring glads, stone, concrete, and steel. Champio of light, view, and public space, therefore Known for designing atriums, and design of the Louvre in Paris. (Nat’l Gallery of art in Washington DC; West Wing of the Myseum of Fine Arts in Boston; Rock and Roll hall of Fame in Cleveland.)