Day 1

Question 1

Critical Thinking

Answer 1

Evaluating arguments w/ reasonable belief

Question 2

Mental Attitudes

Answer 2

Our feelings about the world and our reaction to it.

Question 3

Mental Attitude Examples

Answer 3

Fear, Blaming, Hope

Question 4

Belief

Answer 4

The mental attitude of approving the truth
of a claim

Question 5

Claims Are

Answer 5

(1) a declarative statement, assertion, proposition, or
judgment
(2) that expresses something about the world (a state of
affairs),
and, because of (1) and (2)
(3) is either true or false.

Question 6

State of Affairs

Answer 6

Experiences/observations that are
supposed to be based on how things are

Question 7

Claim

Answer 7

What we want to say about something

Question 8

Sentence

Answer 8

The concrete words we use to say what we
want to say (differs based on language)

Question 9

Descriptive Claim

Answer 9

Expresses the way the world is or was or
could be or could have been

Question 10

Descriptive Claim Examples

Answer 10

<Most>
<At>
<We>
</We></At></Most>

Question 11

Prescriptive/Normative Claim

Answer 11

Expresses that the world ought to be or should be some way

Question 12

Prescriptive/Normative Claim Example

Answer 12

<You>
<No>
<We shouldn't be at the beach.>
</No></You>

Question 13

Simple Claim

Answer 13

Communicates one idea, usually having
just one subject and predicate

Question 14

Complex Claim

Answer 14

One or More claims AND where operator applies

Question 15

And

Answer 15

Conjunction

Question 16

Or

Answer 16

Disjunction

Question 17

Not

Answer 17

Negation

Question 18

If … Then

Answer 18

Conditional

Question 19

If and only If…

Answer 19

Biconditional

Question 20

Quantifier

Answer 20

Indicates how many of something is referred to in a claim

Question 21

All

Answer 21

“All birds have feathers.”

Question 22

Some

Answer 22

“Some birds have feathers.” AT LEAST ONE

Question 23

None

Answer 23

negate existence by using “no”: “No
birds have feathers.”

Question 24

Evidence

Answer 24

Supports the truth of the claim

Question 25

Argument

Answer 25

Making a claim that is followed/supported by another claim

Question 26

An Argument Entails

Answer 26

1. one or more claims, called a premise (or premises),
2. intended to support the truth
3. of a claim, called the conclusion

Question 27

An Argument also Entails

Answer 27

There is at least one premise and only one
conclusion in a complete argument