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PBE > DAY 1 > Flashcards

DAY 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Biochemical compounds are either hydrophilic, hydrophobic or
amphipathic. Classify the following compounds: glucose,
stearic acid, soaps, fatty acids

A

Hydrophilic, amphipathic, amphipathic, hydrophobic

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2
Q

Alcohols, phenols, and carboxylic acids all contain an OH group. Which are the strongest acids? Which are the weakest acids?

A

carboxylic acid – strongest, phenol – weaker, alcohol -
weakest

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3
Q

Propanoic acid and methyl acetate are constitutional isomers, and both are liquids at room temperature. One of these
compounds has a boiling point of 141°C; the other has a boiling point of 57°C. Which compound has a higher boiling
point?

A

Propanoic Acid

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4
Q

Predict whether each of the following nuclides is stable or unstable (radioactive). If the nuclide is unstable, predict the type of radioactivity you would expect it to exhibit.
45K, 56Fe, 11Na, 194Tl.

A

unstable-beta production, stable, unstable-positron production, unstable-alpha production

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5
Q

Whatever the compound, the gram molecular weight contains the same number of molecules, known as Avogadro’s number. It is expressed as:

A

6.02x10^23 particles per mole

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6
Q

The isotope of an unknown element, X, has a mass number of 79. The most stable ion of the isotope has 36 electrons and forms a binary compound with sodium having a formula of Na2X. Which of the following statements is(are) true?

I. The binary compound formed between X and fluorine will be a covalent compound.
II. The isotope of X contains 38 protons.
III. The isotope of X contains 41 neutrons.
IV. The identity of X is strontium, Sr.

A

I only

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7
Q

A chemical analysis has revealed the following composition
for the rain falling on the city of Thule.
1.38 mg · L^−1 HNO3
3.21 mg · L^−1 H2SO4
0.354 mg · L^−1 HCl
0.361 mg · L^−1 NH3

A

4.12

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8
Q

A sewage lagoon that has a surface area of 10 ha and a depth of 1 m is receiving 8640 m^3 d^- of sewage containing 100 mg · L^- of biodegradable contaminant. At steady state, the effluent from the lagoon must not exceed 20mg· L^- of biodegradable contaminant. Assuming the lagoon is well mixed and that there are no losses or gains of water in the lagoon other than the sewage input, what biodegradation reaction rate coefficient (d^-) must be achieved for a first-order reaction?

A

0.35

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9
Q

An electron in a hydrogen atom is excited from the ground state to the n = 4 state. Comment on the correctness of the following statements (true or false).
(a) n = 4 is the first excited state.
(b) It takes more energy to ionize (remove) the electron from n = 4 than from the ground state.
(c) The electron is farther from the nucleus (on average) in n = 4 than in the ground state.
(d) The wavelength of light emitted when the electron drops from n = 4 to n = 1 is longer than that from n=4 to n=2.
(e) The wavelength the atom absorbs in going from n=1 to n=4 is the same as that emitted as it goes from n=4 to n=1.

A

F, F, T, F, T

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10
Q

Can a hydrogen bond form between
a) Two molecules of methanol, CH3OH?
b) Two molecules of formaldehyde, CH2O?
c) One molecule of methanol, CH3OH, and one of formaldehyde,
CH2O?

A

Yes, No, Yes

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11
Q

Which of the following is true about sunscreen and sunblock between sunblock and sunscreen?

A

A sunscreen prevents a portion of ultraviolet radiation
from reaching protected screen.

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12
Q

Is it possible for an endothermic reaction to have zero activation energy?

A

No

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13
Q

Pentane has three structural isomers: (A) n-pentane, (B)
neopentane, and (C) isopentane. Arrange these isomers in
increasing boiling point.

A

B < C < A

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14
Q

Suppose that we have a stain on an oil painting that we want to remove without damaging the painting. The stain is not
water-insoluble. Knowing the polarities of the following solvents, which one would we try first: benzene, isopropyl alcohol, hexane

A

isopropyl alcohol

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15
Q

There are approximately 20 amino acids in human protein.
Name 3 essential amino acids:

A

Arginine, lysine, phenylalanine

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16
Q

How do two free radicals react when they encounter each
other?

A

They unite with covalent bond formation

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17
Q

Determine the stability of the atmosphere given the following data collected for Tagaytay:

A

-1.02 degrees C per 100 meters

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18
Q

Are the following processes exothermic or endothermic?
a) When solid KBr is dissolved in water, the solution gets colder.
b) Natural gas (CH4) is burned in a furnace.
c) When concentrated H2SO4 is added to water, the solution gets very hot.
d) Water is boiled in a teakettle.

A

endothermic, exothermic, exothermic, endothermic

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19
Q

Arrange the following in order of increasing radius and
increasing
ionization energy: N+, N, N

A

Radius: N+ < N < N-, Ionization Energy: N- < N < N+

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20
Q

Predict which bond will be the most polar.COF, SiOF, GeOF

A

Ge-F

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21
Q

A power plant in Benguet is burning coal on a cold clear January at 8:00 am with a wind speed of 2.6 meters/second measured at an elevation of 31 meters and an inversion layer with its base founded at a height of 695 meters. The effective height of the stack is 31 meters. Calculate the distance downward wt which the plume released will reach the inversion layer and start to mix downward.

A

5.82

22
Q

If the initial density of bacteria is 10^4 cells per liter at the end of the accelerated growth phase, what is the number of bacteria after 25 generations?

A

3.4x10^11 cell L^-

23
Q

What compound is a ketone but it is not carbohydrate but is useful commercially?

A

acetone

24
Q

The heat of combustion of methane, the major component of
natural gas, is 213 kcal/mol. The heat of combustion of
propane, the major component of LPG or bottled gas, is 530
kcal/mol. On a kcal/mol basis, which of these two fuels is
the better source of heat energy? On a kcal/g basis, which
of these two fuels is the better source of heat energy?

A

propane, methane

25
Q

Balance the chemical equation given K4Fe(CN)6 + H2SO4 + H2O =
K2SO4 + FeSO4 + (NH4)2SO4 + CO

A

1,6,6,2,1,3,6

26
Q

When the same amount of solid iodine is added to the two identical glass tubes, stoppered and then heated to the same
temperature, it was observed that the color in the two tubes is seen to be the same and solid iodine is still present in the bottom of the tubes. If a lot of additional iodine crystals are added to one of the tubes, is (are) there any charge(s).

A

the color of the vapor in that tube will become darker.

26
Q

A chemical plant chemist working in the Pasig River Area was given the task to determine which of the two acid solutions
can be discharged to the Pasig River with minimal effect on the river water. The chemist analyzed 0.1M solutions of the
acetic acid (HAc) with Ka of 1.81 x 10^-5 and hydrofluoric acid (HF) with Ka of 6.6 x 10^-4. Which acid solution can be discharged?

A

HAc

27
Q

Tetrafluoroethylene is the starting material for the production of poly(tetrafluoroethylene), a polymer that is
widely used for the preparation of nonstick coatings on kitchenware. The most widely known trade name for this product is Teflon. Does tetrafluoroethylene have polar
bonds? Is it a polar molecule? Does it have a dipole?

A

Yes, No, None

28
Q

A landfill that is 12 ha in area has a liner of thickness 0.9 m. Each year 1700 m3 of leachate is collected. The hydraulic conductivity of the liner is 3.9x10-10 m s-. What is the head of water above the liner?

A

1.04 m

28
Q

Are galvanic cells and electrolytic cells the same? Why?

A

No, because the galvanic cells electrochemical cells in which chemical cells occurs spontaneously; while in electrolytic cells, the chemical reaction is caused by externally applied potential difference.

29
Q

Balance the following equations:
Al (s) + HCl (aq) ——> AlCl3 (s) + H2 (g)
C2H2(g) + O2 (g) ——> CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

A

2, 6, 2, 3; 2, 5, 4, 2

30
Q

Morphine is a narcotic pain reliever used to treat moderate to severe pain. What is its chemical formula?

A

C17H19NO3

31
Q

An industrial pollutant to a river flowing with a velocity of 0.5 m/s. At this point in the river, the concentration of the pollutant is 50 ppm. The pollutant follows first order
degradation with a rate constant equal to 0.35 hr^-1. What will be the concentration of the pollutant in the river when it reaches a city 12 km from the industrial plant?

A

85

32
Q

Which of the following objects are chiral (assume that there is no label or other identifying mark)?
a) Pair of scissors
b) Tennis ball
c) Paper clip
d) Beaker
e) The swirl created in water as it drains out of a sink or bathtub

A

chiral, achiral, achiral, achiral, chiral

33
Q

An environmental engineering student was very interested in the reaction of the chemical 2,4,6-chickenwire. She went into the lab and found that 2,4,6-chickenwire degrades in water. During her experiments she collected the data in the following table. Determine if the reaction is zero-, first-, second-, third-order with respect to the concentration of 2,4,6-chickenwire.

A

first

34
Q

Tritium is used in glowing exit signs located where there is no electricity for light bulbs. If the half-life of tritium is 12.26 years, what percentage of the original quantity of the isotope is left in the sign after 18.5 years?

A

35.1%

35
Q

Which of the following functional groups is present in the melamine molecule?

A

Amine

36
Q

A tannery with a wastewater flow of 0.011 m3/s and a BOD5 of 590 mg/L discharges into the Antamok Creek in Benguet. The creek has a 10-year, 7-day low flow of 1.7 m3/s. Upstream from the tannery, the BOD5 of the creek is 0.6 mg/L. The BOD
rate constants are 0.115/day for the tannery and 3.7/day for the creek. The temperature of both the creek and the tannery wastewater is 20 deg C. Calculate the initial ultimate BOD after mixing.

A

9

37
Q

Neohetramine, C16H21ON4 (285.37g/mol), is a common antihistamine. A 0.1247-g sample containing this compound was analyzed by the Kjeldahl method. The ammonia produced was collected in H3BO3; the resulting H2BO3- was titrated with 26.13 mL of 0.01477 M HCl. Calculate the percentage of neohetramine in the sample.

A

22.08%

38
Q

The Alangilan Barangay Council in Batangas City has asked you to determine whether the discharge of the barangay’s wastewater into the Calumpang River will reduce the DO below the standard of 5.00 mg/L at Poblacion 5.79 km downstream, or at any other point downstream. The pertinent data are as follows:

A

4.75

39
Q

What is the chemical formula and molecular weight of 11-tetradecenyl acetate?

A

C16H30O2, 254 g/mol

40
Q

Angelic acid occurs in sumbol root, an herb used as a stimulant. What is the IUPAC name of angelic acid?

A

2-Methylbut-2-enoic acid

41
Q

Methanation is a unit process which converts CO and H2, in the presence of a catalyst, to methane. The product mixture of this process is called:

A

Marsh Gas

42
Q

__________ proposed that small particles of matter may at times display wave-like properties.

A

Louie De Broglie

43
Q

Most of the atmospheric air pollutants are present in large
quantity in

A

Troposphere

44
Q

A magician rotates a pail of water in a vertical circle with a radius of 0.50 meter amazes the audience because no water spilled out. What is the minimum speed at which no water will spill out?

A

3.13

45
Q

Which of the following physical properties differ for each of a pair of enantiomers?

A

Direction of rotation of plane-polarized light

46
Q

What is the distance of the earth to most remote quasar, distance of the earth to the most remote known galaxies, and mean orbit radius of the earth about the sun?

A

1.4x10^26, 9x10^25 and 1.5x10^11

47
Q

Determine whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE.
a. For all adiabatic processes, the entropy change of the system must be zero
b. For one component system, it is possible for two phases in equilibrium to have different chemical potentials.
c. The change in Gibb’s free energy can be negative for a cyclic process.
d. A condition for equilibrium is that(∆A) T,F=0

A

F,F,F,F

48
Q

Of the following pairs of physical systems, determine the one with the greater chemical potential.
a) (1A); one mole of H2O (l) at 100.1 degC; or (B); one mole of H20 (g) at 102 degC.
b) (2A); ten grams of Fe at 2 degC or (2B) ten grams of Fe at 36 degC.
c) (3A); 25 liters of air at 1 atm pressure or (3B) the same amount of air compressed isothermally to 100 atm.

A

1B, 2B, 3B

PBE (2 decks)

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