Day 1 Flashcards
Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Environmental Engineering, Biochemical Engineering
Perchloroethylene, which is liquid at room temperature, is one of the most widely used solvents for commercial dry cleaning. It is sold for this purpose under several trade names, including Perclene. Does this molecule have polar bonds? Is it a polar molecule? Does it have a dipole?
Yes, non-polar, none
The radioactive nucleus responsible for thyroid cancer caused by Chernobyl accident
I–131
You place manganese, calcium chloride, and sodium acetate in a liquud, in which they are not soluble. The liquid has a density of 2.15 g/ml. Which will sink to the bottom, which will stay on the top, and which will stay in the middle of the liquid?
Manganese, Sodium acetate, Calcium chloride
Classify these as kinetic or potential energy
(1) water held by a dam
(2) a speeding train
(3) a book on its edge before falling
(4) a falling book
(5) electric current in a light bulb
Potential, kinetic, potential, kinetic, kinetic
What process combines rubber and sulfur at a high temperature?
Vulcanisation
Who invented the carbon-14 dating method?
Williard Libby
Formula of red lead
Pb3O4
Predict which of these ionic compounds are soluble in water:
(1) MgCl2
(2) CaCO3
(3) Na2SO3
(4) NH4NO3
(5) Pb(OH)2
Soluble, insoluble, insoluble, soluble, insoluble
Polymer used in bullet proof vest
Polymethyl acrylate
A voltaic cell is represented by the following equation:
Fe(s) + Zn2+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) +Zn(s)
Which electrode is the anode and which electrode is the cathode?
Anode: Fe
Cathode: Zn
The only natural amino acid that has no chiral center
Glycine
The heat of combustion of methane, the major component of natural gas, is 213 kcal/mol. The heat of combustion of propane, the major component of LPG or bottled gas, is 530 kcal/mol. On a kcal/mol basis, which of these two fuels is the better source of heat energy? On kcal/g basis, which of these two fuels is the better source of heat energy?
kcal/mol: propane
kcal/g: methane
How to differentiate alkane, alkene, and alkyne?
React with Br2
Process of breaking down a large isotope into smaller isotopes
Nuclear fission
Can a hydrogen be form between
(1) Two molecules of methanol, CH3OH
(2) Two molecules of formaldehyde, CH2O
(3) One molecule of methanol, CH3OH, and one molecule of formaldehyde, CH2O?
Yes, no, yes
What will happen to ice at 0°C if the pressure decrease from 1 atm to 0.001 atm?
It becomes vapor
How does alpha, beta and gamma particle affect the mass number of an atom?
4, 0, 0
Notation on alkane containing Cl
Chloro
Melvin Calvin was known for his study of
Photosynthesis
Best definition of chemical nature of soap
A soap is a salt of a long chain carboxylic acid
Iodine vapor forms iodine crystals when it touches a cold surface. What is the reverse of the process being described?
Sublimation
Given: Dodecane
(1) Is it soluble in water?
(2) Is it soluble in hexane?
(3) Is it combustible?
(4) Is it solid, liquid or gas at room temperature and atmospheric conditions?
(5) Is it denser than water?
No, yes, yes, liquid, less dense
Which has a larger ionic nucleus, Na+ or Na?
Na
The purpose of control rods in a fission reactor is to
Absorb neutrons generated in the fission process
What compound is a ketone, is not a carbohydrate but is useful commercially?
Acetone
Arrange in increasing polarity: C-C, C-N, C-Cl, C-F, C-O
C-C < C-Cl < C-N < C-O < C-F
Which Republic Act is the PRC Modernization Act of 2000?
R.A. 8981
You are presented with a Lewis dot structure of element X as X•. To which two groups in the periodic table might this element belong?
Group 2A
The solubility of aspartic acid in water is 0.500 g in 100 mL at 25°C. If we dissolve 0.251 g of aspartic acid in 50 mL of water at 50°C and let the solution cool to 25°C without stirring, shaking, or otherwise disturbing the solution, would the resulting solution be a saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated solution?
Supersaturated
Water on heating from 1 to 4°C
Contracts
This law explains why aerosol cans carry the warning “Do not incinerate”.
Gay-Lussac Law
The normal boiling point of a substance depends on both the mass of the molecule and the attractive forces between molecules. Arrange the compounds in each set in order of increasing boiling point: (1) HCl, (2) HBr and (3) HI
HCl < HBr < HI
Which isotope of boron is the most stable: boron-8, boron-10, or boron-12?
Boron-10
What is the specific gas constant of dry air in J/kg per unit Kelvin?
287
Write an equation for the reaction of HCl with each compound. Which are acid-base reaction? Which are redox reactions?
(1) Na2CO3
(2) Mg
(3) NaOH
(4) NH3
(5) Fe2O3
(6) CH3NH2
(7) NaHCO3
Only (2)
Classify the following systems as homogeneous, heterogeneous, or colloidal mixtures.
(1) Physiological saline solution
(2) Orange juice
(3) A cloud
(4) Wet sand
(5) Suds
(6) Milk
Homogeneous, heterogeneous, colloidal, heterogeneous, colloidal, colloidal
Assume that the following exothermic reaction is at equilibrium: H2(g) ←→ I2(g) + 2 HI(g)
Tell whether the position of the equilibrium will shift to the right or left if we
(1) Remove some HI
(2) Add some I2
(3) Remove some I2
(4) Increase the temperature
(5) Add a catalyst
Right, right, left, left, no shift
In an endothermic reaction, the activation energy is 10.0 kcal/mol. Is the activation of the reverse reaction also 10.0 kcal/mol, or would it be more or less?
The same
_______ is a rather disagreeable-smelling liquid used as a preservative for laboratory specimen
Methanal
Reactions proceed spontaneously at low temperatures. At high temperatures, the reverse reaction becomes spontaneous at
–∆H and –∆S
Common name of C6H5OCH3
Anisole
The influence of mixing of s and p orbitals; thr greater the fraction of s character of the hybrid orbital, the more electronegative is the atom
Hybridization Effect
For each of the following, identify the radiation emitted.
(1) Beryllium-10 changes to Boron-10
(2) Europium-151m changes to Europium-151
(3) Thallium-195 changes to Mercury-195
(4) Plutonium-239 changes to Uranium-235
Beta, gamma, positron, alpha
Balance the chemical equation K4Fe(CN)6 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + HNO3 + CO2 + H2O
10, 122, 299, 162, 5, 122, 60, 60, 188
The difference between the actual property value of a solution and the value it would have as an ideal solution at the same T and P and composition is called
Excess
Assume the density of the compacted waste to be 490 kg/m³. What is the ratio of HPO4²-/H2PO4- in a phosphate buffer of pH 7.9 (the pH of human pancreatic fluid)?
5:1
Above the stratosphere, the concentration of ozone and other gases is low, and the temperature decreases with increasing altitude
Mesosphere
The mass of proton or neutron is approximately ___ times that of an electron.
1836
Deuterium or heavy hydrogen has an atomic number of 1 and a mass of
2
Volume of an ideal gas is zero at ___
-273 deg C
The basic repeating structural unit of a lattice is the
Unit cell
A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that directs the incorporation of an amino acid during protein synthesis or signals the start or stop of translation
Codon
Base pairing is accompanied by
Hydrogen bonds
The movement of a piece of DNA around the chromosome.
Transposition
An enzyme that hydrolyzes proteins to their constituent amino acids
Protease
When active protein synthesis is taking place in the cell, which material is not required in the ribosomes?
DNA
The transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide is carried out by the
Erythrocytes
Allergies, such as hay fever, result from
An abnormal immunity to a common substance
The most abundant organic substance found in nature is
Cellulose
Sugars in which the aldehyde group can be oxidized to a carboxylic acid group are called
Reducing sugars
A continuous culture system equipped with a photocell that adjust the flow of medium through the culture vessel so as to maintain a constant cell density or turbidity
Turbidostat
The molecule that carries anticodon
tRNA
The enzyme that is expected to find in greater concentration in the stomach of a baby than in an adult’s stomach
Rennin
The filtrate of malted grains used as the substrate for the production of beer and ale by fermentation
Wort
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a toxic by-product of cellular metabolism in aerobic microorganisms. The reaction 2H2O2 –> 2H2O + O2 occurs within the cells to prevent the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. In this reaction, catalase functions as an
Enzyme in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
The cycle that oxidizes acetyl coenzyme A to CO2 and generates NADH and FADH2 for oxidation in the electron transport chain; the cycle also supplies carbon skeletons for biosynthesis
Tricarboxylic acid cycle
What type of enzyme will catalyse the reaction: Galactose-6-P –> Glucose-6-P
Isomerase
A loosely bound cofactor that often dissociates from the enzyme active site after product has been formed.
Coenzyme
An organic compound required by organisms in minute quantities for growth and reproduction because it cannot be synthesized by the organism; it often serve as enzyme cofactors or parts of cofactors
Vitamins
A bacterial infection transmitted by contaminated food, water, milk, or shellfish. The causative organism is Salmonella typhi, which is present in human feces
Typhoid fever
The synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules with the input energy
Anabolism
The organelle where protein synthesis occurs; the message encoded in mRNAis translated here
Ribosomes
Myoglobin is an example of what type of protein?
Globular protein
Organisms that use sunlight as their energy source
Phototrophs
Asexual reproduction in which a cell or an organism separates into two cells
Binary fission
What compound is at the “branch point” in the metabolism of all foodstuffs?
Acetyl coA
The amino acid Thr could correspond to the DNA segment ____
TGC
The main fate of amino acids is the synthesis of
Protein
The product obtained by the fermentation of wet cellulose is
Methane
The process of heating milk and other liquids to destroy microorganisms that can cause spoilage or disease
Pasteurization
Glucose contain which organic compounds?
Alcohol and Aldehyde
