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ChE Board Exam Reviewer > Day 1 > Flashcards

Day 1 Flashcards

Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Environmental Engineering, Biochemical Engineering

1
Q

Perchloroethylene, which is liquid at room temperature, is one of the most widely used solvents for commercial dry cleaning. It is sold for this purpose under several trade names, including Perclene. Does this molecule have polar bonds? Is it a polar molecule? Does it have a dipole?

A

Yes, non-polar, none

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2
Q

The radioactive nucleus responsible for thyroid cancer caused by Chernobyl accident

A

I–131

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3
Q

You place manganese, calcium chloride, and sodium acetate in a liquud, in which they are not soluble. The liquid has a density of 2.15 g/ml. Which will sink to the bottom, which will stay on the top, and which will stay in the middle of the liquid?

A

Manganese, Sodium acetate, Calcium chloride

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4
Q

Classify these as kinetic or potential energy

(1) water held by a dam
(2) a speeding train
(3) a book on its edge before falling
(4) a falling book
(5) electric current in a light bulb

A

Potential, kinetic, potential, kinetic, kinetic

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5
Q

What process combines rubber and sulfur at a high temperature?

A

Vulcanisation

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6
Q

Who invented the carbon-14 dating method?

A

Williard Libby

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7
Q

Formula of red lead

A

Pb3O4

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8
Q

Predict which of these ionic compounds are soluble in water:

(1) MgCl2
(2) CaCO3
(3) Na2SO3
(4) NH4NO3
(5) Pb(OH)2

A

Soluble, insoluble, insoluble, soluble, insoluble

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9
Q

Polymer used in bullet proof vest

A

Polymethyl acrylate

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10
Q

A voltaic cell is represented by the following equation:
Fe(s) + Zn2+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) +Zn(s)

Which electrode is the anode and which electrode is the cathode?

A

Anode: Fe
Cathode: Zn

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11
Q

The only natural amino acid that has no chiral center

A

Glycine

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12
Q

The heat of combustion of methane, the major component of natural gas, is 213 kcal/mol. The heat of combustion of propane, the major component of LPG or bottled gas, is 530 kcal/mol. On a kcal/mol basis, which of these two fuels is the better source of heat energy? On kcal/g basis, which of these two fuels is the better source of heat energy?

A

kcal/mol: propane

kcal/g: methane

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13
Q

How to differentiate alkane, alkene, and alkyne?

A

React with Br2

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14
Q

Process of breaking down a large isotope into smaller isotopes

A

Nuclear fission

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15
Q

Can a hydrogen be form between

(1) Two molecules of methanol, CH3OH
(2) Two molecules of formaldehyde, CH2O
(3) One molecule of methanol, CH3OH, and one molecule of formaldehyde, CH2O?

A

Yes, no, yes

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16
Q

What will happen to ice at 0°C if the pressure decrease from 1 atm to 0.001 atm?

A

It becomes vapor

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17
Q

How does alpha, beta and gamma particle affect the mass number of an atom?

A

4, 0, 0

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18
Q

Notation on alkane containing Cl

A

Chloro

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19
Q

Melvin Calvin was known for his study of

A

Photosynthesis

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20
Q

Best definition of chemical nature of soap

A

A soap is a salt of a long chain carboxylic acid

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21
Q

Iodine vapor forms iodine crystals when it touches a cold surface. What is the reverse of the process being described?

A

Sublimation

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22
Q

Given: Dodecane

(1) Is it soluble in water?
(2) Is it soluble in hexane?
(3) Is it combustible?
(4) Is it solid, liquid or gas at room temperature and atmospheric conditions?
(5) Is it denser than water?

A

No, yes, yes, liquid, less dense

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23
Q

Which has a larger ionic nucleus, Na+ or Na?

A

Na

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24
Q

The purpose of control rods in a fission reactor is to

A

Absorb neutrons generated in the fission process

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25
Q

What compound is a ketone, is not a carbohydrate but is useful commercially?

A

Acetone

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26
Q

Arrange in increasing polarity: C-C, C-N, C-Cl, C-F, C-O

A

C-C < C-Cl < C-N < C-O < C-F

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27
Q

Which Republic Act is the PRC Modernization Act of 2000?

A

R.A. 8981

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28
Q

You are presented with a Lewis dot structure of element X as X•. To which two groups in the periodic table might this element belong?

A

Group 2A

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29
Q

The solubility of aspartic acid in water is 0.500 g in 100 mL at 25°C. If we dissolve 0.251 g of aspartic acid in 50 mL of water at 50°C and let the solution cool to 25°C without stirring, shaking, or otherwise disturbing the solution, would the resulting solution be a saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated solution?

A

Supersaturated

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30
Q

Water on heating from 1 to 4°C

A

Contracts

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31
Q

This law explains why aerosol cans carry the warning “Do not incinerate”.

A

Gay-Lussac Law

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32
Q

The normal boiling point of a substance depends on both the mass of the molecule and the attractive forces between molecules. Arrange the compounds in each set in order of increasing boiling point: (1) HCl, (2) HBr and (3) HI

A

HCl < HBr < HI

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33
Q

Which isotope of boron is the most stable: boron-8, boron-10, or boron-12?

A

Boron-10

34
Q

What is the specific gas constant of dry air in J/kg per unit Kelvin?

A

287

35
Q

Write an equation for the reaction of HCl with each compound. Which are acid-base reaction? Which are redox reactions?

(1) Na2CO3
(2) Mg
(3) NaOH
(4) NH3
(5) Fe2O3
(6) CH3NH2
(7) NaHCO3

A

Only (2)

36
Q

Classify the following systems as homogeneous, heterogeneous, or colloidal mixtures.

(1) Physiological saline solution
(2) Orange juice
(3) A cloud
(4) Wet sand
(5) Suds
(6) Milk

A

Homogeneous, heterogeneous, colloidal, heterogeneous, colloidal, colloidal

37
Q

Assume that the following exothermic reaction is at equilibrium: H2(g) ←→ I2(g) + 2 HI(g)
Tell whether the position of the equilibrium will shift to the right or left if we

(1) Remove some HI
(2) Add some I2
(3) Remove some I2
(4) Increase the temperature
(5) Add a catalyst

A

Right, right, left, left, no shift

38
Q

In an endothermic reaction, the activation energy is 10.0 kcal/mol. Is the activation of the reverse reaction also 10.0 kcal/mol, or would it be more or less?

A

The same

39
Q

_______ is a rather disagreeable-smelling liquid used as a preservative for laboratory specimen

A

Methanal

40
Q

Reactions proceed spontaneously at low temperatures. At high temperatures, the reverse reaction becomes spontaneous at

A

–∆H and –∆S

41
Q

Common name of C6H5OCH3

A

Anisole

42
Q

The influence of mixing of s and p orbitals; thr greater the fraction of s character of the hybrid orbital, the more electronegative is the atom

A

Hybridization Effect

43
Q

For each of the following, identify the radiation emitted.

(1) Beryllium-10 changes to Boron-10
(2) Europium-151m changes to Europium-151
(3) Thallium-195 changes to Mercury-195
(4) Plutonium-239 changes to Uranium-235

A

Beta, gamma, positron, alpha

44
Q

Balance the chemical equation K4Fe(CN)6 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + HNO3 + CO2 + H2O

A

10, 122, 299, 162, 5, 122, 60, 60, 188

45
Q

The difference between the actual property value of a solution and the value it would have as an ideal solution at the same T and P and composition is called

A

Excess

46
Q

Assume the density of the compacted waste to be 490 kg/m³. What is the ratio of HPO4²-/H2PO4- in a phosphate buffer of pH 7.9 (the pH of human pancreatic fluid)?

A

5:1

47
Q

Above the stratosphere, the concentration of ozone and other gases is low, and the temperature decreases with increasing altitude

A

Mesosphere

48
Q

The mass of proton or neutron is approximately ___ times that of an electron.

A

1836

49
Q

Deuterium or heavy hydrogen has an atomic number of 1 and a mass of

A

2

50
Q

Volume of an ideal gas is zero at ___

A

-273 deg C

51
Q

The basic repeating structural unit of a lattice is the

A

Unit cell

52
Q

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that directs the incorporation of an amino acid during protein synthesis or signals the start or stop of translation

A

Codon

53
Q

Base pairing is accompanied by

A

Hydrogen bonds

54
Q

The movement of a piece of DNA around the chromosome.

A

Transposition

55
Q

An enzyme that hydrolyzes proteins to their constituent amino acids

A

Protease

56
Q

When active protein synthesis is taking place in the cell, which material is not required in the ribosomes?

A

DNA

57
Q

The transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide is carried out by the

A

Erythrocytes

58
Q

Allergies, such as hay fever, result from

A

An abnormal immunity to a common substance

59
Q

The most abundant organic substance found in nature is

A

Cellulose

60
Q

Sugars in which the aldehyde group can be oxidized to a carboxylic acid group are called

A

Reducing sugars

61
Q

A continuous culture system equipped with a photocell that adjust the flow of medium through the culture vessel so as to maintain a constant cell density or turbidity

A

Turbidostat

62
Q

The molecule that carries anticodon

A

tRNA

63
Q

The enzyme that is expected to find in greater concentration in the stomach of a baby than in an adult’s stomach

A

Rennin

64
Q

The filtrate of malted grains used as the substrate for the production of beer and ale by fermentation

A

Wort

65
Q

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a toxic by-product of cellular metabolism in aerobic microorganisms. The reaction 2H2O2 –> 2H2O + O2 occurs within the cells to prevent the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. In this reaction, catalase functions as an

A

Enzyme in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide

66
Q

The cycle that oxidizes acetyl coenzyme A to CO2 and generates NADH and FADH2 for oxidation in the electron transport chain; the cycle also supplies carbon skeletons for biosynthesis

A

Tricarboxylic acid cycle

67
Q

What type of enzyme will catalyse the reaction: Galactose-6-P –> Glucose-6-P

A

Isomerase

68
Q

A loosely bound cofactor that often dissociates from the enzyme active site after product has been formed.

A

Coenzyme

69
Q

An organic compound required by organisms in minute quantities for growth and reproduction because it cannot be synthesized by the organism; it often serve as enzyme cofactors or parts of cofactors

A

Vitamins

70
Q

A bacterial infection transmitted by contaminated food, water, milk, or shellfish. The causative organism is Salmonella typhi, which is present in human feces

A

Typhoid fever

71
Q

The synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules with the input energy

A

Anabolism

72
Q

The organelle where protein synthesis occurs; the message encoded in mRNAis translated here

A

Ribosomes

73
Q

Myoglobin is an example of what type of protein?

A

Globular protein

74
Q

Organisms that use sunlight as their energy source

A

Phototrophs

75
Q

Asexual reproduction in which a cell or an organism separates into two cells

A

Binary fission

76
Q

What compound is at the “branch point” in the metabolism of all foodstuffs?

A

Acetyl coA

77
Q

The amino acid Thr could correspond to the DNA segment ____

A

TGC

78
Q

The main fate of amino acids is the synthesis of

A

Protein

79
Q

The product obtained by the fermentation of wet cellulose is

A

Methane

80
Q

The process of heating milk and other liquids to destroy microorganisms that can cause spoilage or disease

A

Pasteurization

81
Q

Glucose contain which organic compounds?

A

Alcohol and Aldehyde

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