David Kiel Flashcards
The two proteins that make up connective tissue are
collagen and elastin
Collagen contributes to the strength of connective tissue and
elastin contributes of flexibility of connective tissue.
True
Ligaments are located
around the junction of two bones
Ligaments can usually heal on their own when they are torn.
False
The function of ligaments is:
to restrict or allow movement in specific directions at a joint
Tendons are located:
at the ends of muscles that attach to bones
Three types of fascia are:
superficial fascia, visceral fascia, and deep fascia
The function of the endoderm is to:
create our internal organs
The function of the ectoderm is to
create the outermost layers of the body, the skin, and the nervous system
The specific functions of the skeletal system are
support structure for your body. It gives the body its shape, allows movement, makes blood cells, provides protection for organs and stores minerals. The skeletal system is also called the musculoskeletal system.
The three types of bone connective tissue are periosteum,
medullary cavity, and bone marrow. True or False
False
The periosteum is located:
surrounding the outer surface of the bone
The two minerals that are responsible for making our bones hard are
phosphorus and calcium
The three types of bone cells are osteoblasts, osteocytes, and
osteoclasts. True or False
True
A joint is defined as:
the location where two bones come together and movement happens
When a joint allows for little or no movement it is called
synarthrosis. True / False
True
Bones are alive and react to stresses placed on them.
True
The parts that make up the structure of the ankle include
the tibia, the talus, and the fibula
Side to side motion at the ankle is called
inversion and eversion
Forward and backward motion at the ankle is called:
dorsiflexion and plantarflexion
The three arches of the foot include the internal longitudinal,
external longitudinal, and medial longitudinal arches. True / False
False
The lateral longitudinal arch of the foot is located:
along the outside of the foot
The three points that connect the three arches in the foot are the center of the heel, base of the middle toe, and base of the little toe. True / False
False
The three components that create and maintain arches in the foot are:
bones, connective tissue, and musculature
The four movements that the ankle can do are plantar flexion,
dorsiflexion, inversion, and eversion. True or False
True
The three muscular compartments in the foreleg are
posterior, anterior, and lateral
The 3 main joints that make up a kinetic chain in the leg are
the ankle, the knee, and the hip
The general function of the knee is to
guide and direct movements of the leg
The 3 bones that come together at the knee are the
the femur, the tibia, and the patella
The technical name for the knee is the
femorotibial joint
The name of the joint where the patella meets the femur is the
patellofemoral joint
The two primary movements of the knee are
flexion and extension
The 4 main ligaments of the knee are medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament, and the posterior cruciate ligament. True / False
True
The main muscles that cross the knee joint are the quadriceps, hamstrings, piriformis, and the gluteus maximus. True / False
False
The 4 muscles of the quadriceps group are the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. True / Fasle
False
Movements at the hip joint can include flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial and lateral rotation. True / False
True
The hamstrings are “two-joint muscles” like the quadriceps. The two joints that they affect are:
the hip joint and the knee joint
The 3 muscles that make up the hamstring group are
the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
The adductors restrict the leg from moving
backward, outward, and rotating externally
The muscles of the adductor group include the adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, pectineus, and gracilis. True / False
True
The 3 gluteal muscles include the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and the piriformis. True / False
False
The muscles in the deep 6 lateral rotators group include the piriformis, gemellus superior, obturator internus, gemellus inferior, obturator externus, and quadratus femoris. True / False
True
The 2 joints crossed by the piriformis are:
the hip joint and the sacroiliac (SI) joint
The piriformis attaches to the
sacrum and to the greater trochanter
The three muscles associated with “iliopsoas” include:
psoas major, psoas minor, and the iliacus muscle
The primary function of the iliopsoas muscle is:
to flex the hip joint
The three bones that make up each side of the pelvis are
the ilium, ischium, and pubic bone
The 2 bumps below the ASIS on the iliac spine are called:
the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
Another name for the bump we commonly refer to as our SI joint is the anterior inferior iliac spine. True / False
False
Movements that happen at the pelvis include:
anterior and posterior tilt, hip hiking, and rotation of the pelvis
The main function of the SI joint is to allow our body to maintain its upright position and create a stable base for the spine. True / False
True
The SI joint is located
where the sacrum and ilium articulate
Movement at the SI joint is called
nutation and counternutation
Our center of gravity is located in front and near the top of our sacrum. True / False
True
The muscles in the pelvic floor that could be considered the physical aspect of mula bandha are
the pubococcygeal muscles
What could be considered the ultimate link between the subtle and the gross in yoga?
the breath
The energetic purpose of mula bandha is:
to prevent the downward escape of energy
The muscle(s) that could be considered the physical aspect of uddiyana bandha is/are:
the iliopsoas
The 3 layers of muscles located between each of the ribs that assist with respiration are:
the external, internal, and innermost intercostal muscles
The posterior invertebral joints allow for only forward and backward movement. True / False
False
One of the primary functions of the natural curves in the spine is:
One of the primary functions of the natural curves in the spine is:
The spinous process can be identified on the body because it is the part of the vertebra that sticks out posteriorly. True / False
True
The body of the vertebrae is:
the part of the vertebra that sandwiches the disc along the front of the spine
The general purpose of the muscles of the spine is:
to maintain the spine in an upright and erect position
The 3 muscles that make up the erector spinae group are the spinalis, longissimus and iliocostalis. True / False
True
The function of the muscles in the erector spinae group is:
to create extension of the spine
The 3 layers of the abdominal muscles are
the external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominus
The 2 components that make up a vertebral disc are
the nucleus pulposus and the annulus fibrosus
The 3 bones that come together to create the shoulder
girdle/shoulder complex are:
the humerus, scapula, and clavicle
The glenohumeral joint is the technical name for the elbow joint. True / Flase
True
Movements that are possible at the shoulder joint include
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and both internal and external rotation
Movements that the scapula can do include:
elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, rotation, and tilting sideways
Movements that are possible at the clavicle include
elevation, depression, protraction and retraction with the scapula and rotation
The muscles that make up the rotator cuff include
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis
The rhomboids assist in moving the scapula by:
assisting in downward rotation and retraction of the scapula
The levator scapulae assist in moving the scapula by:
downwardly rotating and elevating the scapula
The components that make up the kinetic chain in the upper body extremities include:
the hand, wrist, elbow, and shoulder girdle
Rotation of the lower arm is called pronation or supination. True / False
True
Taking into account movement made by a scapula, shoulder, and forearm, the total possible range of motion in the hand is 180 degrees. True / False
False
The bones that make up the fingers are the:
Phalanges
The interphalangeal joints are located:
between the phalanges
Movements that the fingers can do include:
flexion, extension, and abduct and adduct away from and toward the middle finger
Movements that can happen at the wrist include:
flexion, extension/hyperextension, abduction, and adduction
The 3 extensors of the forearm are extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris, and extensor carpi radialis. True / False
True
Two joints come together at the elbow joint to create the
movements of flexion, extension, pronation, and supination. True / False
True
The joints that are responsible for rotation at the elbow and also pronation and supination of the hand and forearm are the proximal and distal radioulnar joints. True / False
True
