Dates Flashcards
American Revolution
1776-1783, England recognizes the independence of the 13 states
French Revolution
1789-1802, restructuring the government and overthrowing the monarchy
Haitian Revolution
1791-1804, forcing out the French who intended to enslave the Haitians
Treaty of Paris
1783, ends the French Indian war//Seven Years War, France gives up its territories in mainland North America, leads to the creation of Upper and Lower Canada
Constitutional Act
1791, The beginning of parliamentary democracy in British North America. Distribution of power creates friction in Lower Canada as the elected legislative assembly who were largely french had to answer to the appointed actors above them, who were mostly British.
Rebellions in Lower + Upper Canada
1830s (becomes more violent in 1838 when farmers become leaders) Inspired by other rebellions of the time fighting for more freedoms and republicanism
Rebellion Losses Bill + Destruction of Mtl Parliament
- British were unhappy they had to contribute to the compensations from the rebellions, burn down Mtl Parliament. It is then moved to Ottawa where it becomes Parliament capital in 1957
Responsible Gov’t Granted
1848, if executive council (appointed) loses the confidence of the Legislative Assembly (elected) its members must resign and a new council appointed by Lieutenant Gov.
Britain Adopts Free Trade
1846-1849 (transatlantic to transcontinental), colonies are becoming expensive and unnecessary
End of Mercantilism
1840s
Reciprocity Treaty
1854
American Civil War
1861-1865, slavery is at the heart of it, North wants to abolish, South wants to keep. Britain was officially neutral so the colonies were meant to be neutral, but many Canadians fought with the North. Britain unofficially wants the South to win so the US splits into two more manageable countries
Slavery Abolished in the US
1863
Seigneural system ends in St. Lawrence Valley
1854
Charlottetown Conference
September 1864, held so the leaders of British North America could discuss confederation
Quebec Conference
October 1864, second discussion of confederation
Maritime Union project
Arthur Hamilton Gordon, 1863-1864, convincing the maritimes that a larger union would be more beneficial
London Conference
Dec. 1866 - Mar. 1867, held in London England to discuss Canadian confederation
Canadian Confederation
July 1, 1867
As of 1867 ____ make up Canada
New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec
Gov’t buys Rupert’s Land from HBC
1869, aboriginal and metis people lived on this land, and were not consulted
Red River Rebellion//First Rebellion of the Northwest
1869, Expansionists wanted to move west, didn’t have respect for aboriginal/metis people had surveyors come seethe land regardless of who was already living there. Metis were blocking surveyors/expansionists from surveying Red River.
Manitoba Act
1870 (creates 5th province of Manitoba) PM John A Macdonald decides to negotiate with the Metis/LouisRiel after the Red River Rebellion. Metis lands would be protected, but all other lands were the property of Canada.
BC joins confederation
- gov’t wanted to secure the entirety of western canada to prevent it from being a US target. Colonists were told that a railway would be built across canada and they would be included (key to convincing BC to join confederation)
