Databases, Containers, Deployment

Question 1

What is Docker?

Answer 1

A platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers.

Question 2

What are Containers?

Answer 2

Containers package an application and it’s dependencies together, ensuring it runs consistently across environments.

Question 3

What is AWS ECS?

Answer 3

Elastic Container Service is a fully managed container orchestration service by Amazon Web Services that allows you to run, stop, and manage Docker containers on a cluster.

Question 4

What is PostgreSQL?

Answer 4

An open-source relational database management system that uses SQL (Structured Query Language) to access and manage data.

Question 5

How would you design a schema?

Answer 5

Identify entities and relationships e.g. Users and Orders with a one-to-many relationship

Question 6

How do you optimize queries?

Answer 6

Use indexing, analyze query performance, and optimize joins

Question 7

How can you manage database migrations?

Answer 7

Tools like knex.js manage schema changes over time.

Question 8

Describe a complex SQL query

Answer 8

Joining multiple table to fetch user order history

Question 9

What are some advantages of Docker?

Answer 9

Consistency across environments, simplifies dependency management, streamlines CI/CD

Question 10

How do you manage Docker images?

Answer 10

Use Dockerfile to defined image and docker-compose for multi-container applications

Question 11

AWS ECS benefits

Answer 11

Manage containers, scale applications, integrate with other AWS services e.g. auto-scaling based on load

Question 12

How can ECS overcome deployment challenges?

Answer 12

Issues like dependency conflicts are resolved using multi-stage builds and monitoring container health

Question 13

What is the difference between an inner join and outer join in SQL?

Answer 13

Inner Join returns only the rows that have matching values in both tables
Outer Join returns all rows from one table and the matched rows from the other table

Question 14

How can you optimize SQL queries?

Answer 14

• Create indexes on frequently searched columns
• Use EXPLAIN to analyze and optimize query performance
• Ensure joins use indexed columns and are written efficiently

Question 15

3 Cloud Computing Models

Answer 15

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) virtualized computing resources over the internet such as Amazon EC2 or Google Compute Engine
• Platform as a Service (PaaS) allows customers to develop, run, and manage applications without the complexity of building and maintaining infrastructure such as AWS Elastic Beanstalk or Google App Engine
• Software as a Service (SaaS) delivers applications over the internet such as Google Workspace or Salesforce

Question 16

Describe Scalability and Elasticity

Answer 16

Scalability is the ability to handle increasing loads by adding resources either vertically (more power to an existing machine) or horizontally (more machines to a system), while Elasticity is the ability to scale resources up or down based on demand automatically

Question 17

Cost Management

Answer 17

Pay-as-you-go Model when managed correctly through resource optimization

Question 18

Cloud Security and Compliance

Answer 18

• Data Encryption at rest and in transit
• Identity and Access Management (IAM) controlling who can access what resources
• Compliance with regulations and standards e.d. HIPAA

Question 19

DevOps

Answer 19

Software DEVelopment and IT OPerations to shorten the dev lifecycle and deliver quality software continuously

Question 20

CI/CD

Answer 20

Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment automates the process of integrating code changes and deploying them to prod with tools such as GitLab CI and AWS CodePipeline

Question 21

Microservices Architecture

Answer 21

Microservices break applications into small, independent services that can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently, while Containerization packages applications and their dependencies into containers (Docker) to ensure consistency across environments

Question 22

Serverless Computing

Answer 22

Allows developers to build and run apps without managing servers with tools such as AWE Lambda or Google Cloud Functions

Question 23

API Management and Integrations

Answer 23

Create and manage secure APIs for communication between different services, connect and integrate various services and data sources

Question 24

Cloud Data Management

Answer 24

Use managed databases and leverage cloud storage solutions

Question 25

Monitoring and Logging

Answer 25

Monitor the performance and health of applications (Datadog)
Collect and analyze log data to troubleshoot and optimize applications (Splunk)