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JATC > Database Vocab > Flashcards

Database Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Database

A

An organized or structured collection of data, typically stored in electronic format

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2
Q

Define: CRUD

A

An acronym that stands for Create, Read, Update, and Delete. These are features of any database.

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3
Q

Define: Relational Database Management System

A

Software that manages data in an organized or structured way.

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4
Q

Define: Table

A

A two-dimensional collection of data.

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5
Q

Define: Relational Database

A

A database in which all data is stored in related tables with rows and columns

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6
Q

Define: Relationship

A

A natural association between or two or more entities.

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7
Q

Define: Column

A

A set of data values(or attributes)all of a single type.

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8
Q

Define: Row

A

Holds the fields or attributes for a specific entity. Also called a record or a tuple.

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9
Q

Define: Attribute

A

a property or description of an entity.

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10
Q

Define: Domain

A

a set of possible values for an attribute.

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11
Q

Define: Field

A

the smallest units of information you can access in a database

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12
Q

Define: Record

A

a group(row) of fields within a table that are relevant to a specific entity

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13
Q

Define: Entity

A

An object in the real world that is distinguishable from other objects and has unique characteristics or attributes.

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14
Q

Define: Entity Set

A

A collection of entities having the same characteristics or attributes

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15
Q

Define: Instance

A

A single entity of an entity set

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16
Q

Define: ERD

A

Acronym for Entity Relationship Diagram. An ERD is a diagram (or model) of a database that shows all tables and relationships between tables

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17
Q

Define: Relationship

A

A natural association between entities (objects)

18
Q

Define: One-to-one Relationship

A

An instance of entity A is related to only one instance of entity B

19
Q

Define: One-to-many Relationship

A

An instance of entity A is related to more than one instance of entity B

20
Q

Define: Many-to-many relationship

A

More than one instance of entity A is related to more than one instance of entity B

21
Q

Define: Primary Key

A

An attribute (column)or combination of attributes which can be used to uniquely identify one row from any other row in the table.

22
Q

Define: Simple key

A

A primary key, like Part Number, which contains only one attribute (column)

23
Q

Define: Composite key

A

A primary key which is made from the combination of more than one attribute (column)

24
Q

Define: Foreign key

A

A column or combination of columns that is used to establish and enforce a link between the data in two tables.

25
Q

Define: Natural key

A

A key that is formed of attributes that already exist in the real world

26
Q

Define: Synthetic(Surrogate)Key

A

Keys that don’t have a natural relationship with, and are not derived from, the rest of the columns in a table

27
Q

Define: Normalization

A

The process of organizing data in order to reduce redundancy by dividing a database into two or more tables and then defining table relationships.

28
Q

Define: Null

A

The word used to indicate that a field in a record is empty

29
Q

Define: Junction (bridge)table

A

A table used to implement many-to-many relationships

30
Q

Define: SQL

A

Structured Query Language. A language written specifically to implement relational databases.

31
Q

Define: Query

A

An inquiry that returns information back from the database that meets certain criteria.

32
Q

Define: Data Definition Language (DDL)

A

A subset of SQL that contains SQL statements to create or delete databases and tables.

33
Q

Define: Data Manipulation Language (DML)

A

A subset of SQL that contains SQL statements to add, update or delete data from tables.

34
Q

Define: Data Query Language (DQL)

A

A subset of SQL that contains SQL statements to structure queries to retrieve specific data from a database.

35
Q

Define: Data Control Language (DCL)

A

A subset of SQL that contains SQL statements that provide administrative control of databases.

36
Q

Define: Entity integrity

A

Entity integrity means that every table must have a primary key

37
Q

Define: Referential integrity

A

A foreign key must have a matching primary key or it must be null

38
Q

Define: Atomic value

A

A value that is indivisible as far as the relational model is concerned

39
Q

Define: Schema

A

The structure or design of a database

40
Q

Define: Index

A

A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table

41
Q

Define: Cardinality

A

The number of occurrences in one entity which are associated (or linked) to the number of occurrences in another entity

42
Q

Define: Tuple

A

A row or a record of a table.

JATC (2 decks)

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