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Database Lesson 2 > Database lesson 2 > Flashcards

Database lesson 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Modern DBMS are more realistic and uses real world entities to design its
architecture.

A

Real-world Entity

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2
Q

It uses the behavior and attributes too

A

Real-world Entity

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3
Q

DBMS allows entities and relations among them to form as tables. This
eases the concept of data saving.

A

Relation-based tables

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4
Q

A user can understand the architecture of database just by
looking at table names etc.

A

Relation-based tables

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5
Q

A database system is entirely different than its data. Where
database is said to active entity, data is said to be passive one on which the database works and
organizes.

A

Isolation of data and application

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6
Q

DBMS follows rules of normalization, which splits a relation when any of its
attributes is having redundancy in values. Following normalization, which itself is a
mathematically rich and scientific process, make the entire database to contain as less
redundancy as possible.

A

Less redundancy

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7
Q

DBMS always enjoy the state on consistency where the previous form of data storing
applications while file processing does not guarantee this. Consistency is a state where every
relation in database remains consistent. There exist methods and techniques, which can detect
attempt of leaving database in inconsistent state.

A

Consistency

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8
Q

DBMS is equipped with query language, which makes it more efficient to
retrieve and manipulate data. A user can apply as many and different filtering options, as he or
she wants.

A

Query Language

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9
Q

Traditionally it was not possible where file-processing system was used

A

Query language

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10
Q

ACID properties

A

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

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11
Q

maintains database in healthy state in multi
transactional environment and in case of failure.

A

ACID

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12
Q

DBMS support multi-user environment and allows them to
access and manipulate data in parallel. Though there are restrictions on transactions when they
attempt to handle same data item, but users are always unaware of them.

A

Multiuser and Congruent Access

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13
Q

DBMS offers multiples views for different users. Security: Features like multiple
views offers security at some extent where users are unable to access data of other users and
departments. DBMS offers methods to impose constraints while entering data into database and
retrieving data at later stage.

A

Multiple views

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14
Q

Used by various users for various purposes.

A

DBMS

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15
Q

This highly depends on its architecture. It can be centralized or decentralized or hierarchical

A

DBMS Architecture

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16
Q

Can be seen as single tier or multi tier or n-tier architecture

A

DBMS

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17
Q

Only entity where user directly sits on DBMS and uses it. Any changes done here will directly be done on DBMS

A

1 Tier Architecture

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18
Q

Programmers uses this where they access DBMS by means of application

A

2-tier architecture

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19
Q

Most widely used architecture. Separates it tier from each other on basis of users.

A

3-tier architecture

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20
Q

Highly modifiable as almost all its components are independent and can be changes independently

A

Multiple tier database

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21
Q

Tells how the logical strucrture of a database is modeled.

A

DBMS

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22
Q

Fundamental entities to introduce abstraction in DBMS. Defines how data is connected to each other and how it will be processed and stored inside the system.

A

Data Model

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23
Q

What is the Goal of data modeling

A

make sure all data objects required by a database are completely and accurately representaed

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24
Q

Precise description of the data content in a system. Underlying structure of a database
Conceptual tool

A

Data Model

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25
Q

Or data structuring represents the nature of data, and the business logic to control the data.It is also orgranize the database

A

Data Modeling

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26
Q

Helps communicate between business people,. who requires the computer system, and the technical people who can fulfill their requirements

A

Data Modeling

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27
Q

Why do we need to create data models?

A

To aid in the development of a sound database design
Goal: to create database tables that do not contain duplicate data values that can become inconsistent

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28
Q

A class or real world objects having common attributes

A

Entity

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29
Q

A characteritics or property of an entity

A

Attribute

30
Q

An association between two or more entities

A

Relationship

31
Q

The number of entities on either end of a relationship (one-to-one)

A

Cardinality

32
Q

Based on the notion of real world entities and relationship among them. Creates entity set, relationship set, general attributes and constraints.

A

Entity-Relationship model

33
Q

An _____ in ER model is real world entity, which has some properties called attributes.

A

Entity

34
Q

The logical association among entities is called ___

A

Relationship

35
Q

Mapped with entities in various ways. Mapping cardinalities defind the nunber of association between two entities.

A

Relationship

36
Q

Represented by means of rectangles. Rectangles are named with what they represent

A

Entities

37
Q

Are the properties of entities. Are represented by means of ellipses. Every ellipse represent one ___ and is directly connected to its entity.

A

Attributes

38
Q

They are further divided in a tree like structure. Every node is then connected to its attributes.

A

Composite attributes

39
Q

Attributes are depicted by dashed ellipse

A

DerivedA

40
Q

Attributes are depicted by double ellipse

A

Multivalue

41
Q

Are atomic values, which cannot be divided further.

A

Simple attribute

42
Q

Made of more than one simple attribute

A

Composite attributes

43
Q

Are the attributes that do not exist in the physical database, but their values are derived from other attributes present in the database.

A

Derived

44
Q

Contain single value.

A

Single-value attributes

45
Q

May contain more than one values.

A

Multi-value attributes

46
Q

A set of attributes (one or more) that collectively idetifies an entity in an entity set.

A

Super Key

47
Q

A minimal super key is called ___. An entity set may have more than one of this

A

Candidate Key

48
Q

One of the candidate keys chosen by the database designer to uniquely identify the entity set.

A

Primary Key

49
Q

Group of single or multiple keys which identidies rows in a table.

A

Superkey

50
Q

Uniqeuly identify tuples in a table. A super key with no repeated attributes.

A

Candidate Key

51
Q

Column or group of columns in a table that uniquely identify every row in that table. Can’t be a duplicate meaning the same value can’t appear more than once in the table.

A

Primary Key

52
Q

Defines the number of entiies in one entity set, which can be associated with the number of entities of other set via relationship set.

A

Cardinality

53
Q

One entity from entity set A can be associated with at most one entity of entity set B and vice-versa

A

One-to-one

54
Q

One entity from entity A can be assocaited with more than one entities of entity set B however an entity from entity set B, can be associated with at most one entity

A

One-to-many

55
Q

More than one entities from entity set A can be associated with at most one entity of entity set B, however an entity from entify set B can be assocaited with more than one entity of entity set A.

A

Many-to-one

56
Q

One entity from A can be assocaited with more than one entity from B and vice-versa

A

Many-to-many

57
Q

Each entity is involved in the relationshiop. Represented by double lines.

A

Total Participation

58
Q

Not all entities are involed in the relationship. Represented by singele line.

A

Partial Participation

59
Q

has the power of expressing database entities in a conceptual hierarchical manner.

A

ER model

60
Q

A group of entities is divided into sub-groups based on their characteristics.

A

Specialization

61
Q

Important feature of Generalization and Specialization. It allows lover-level entities to inherit the attributes of higher-level entities.

A

Inheritance.

62
Q

Every relation has some conditions that must hold for it to be a valid relation. These conditions are called ____

A

Constraints

63
Q

These are the three main integrity constrains:

A

Key Constraints
Domin constraints
Referential integrity constraints

64
Q

Minimal subset of attributes is called ___ for that relation. If there are more than one such minimal subjects, these are called candidate keys.

A

Key

65
Q

Attributes have specific values in real-world scenario.

A

Domain constraints

66
Q

Key used to link two tables together

A

Foreign Key

67
Q

Is a filed or collection of fields in one table that refers to the Primary key in another table

A

Foreign Key

68
Q

They table containing the foreigh key is called ___

A

CHild table

69
Q

Used to prevent actions that would destroy links between tables.

A

Foreign Key

70
Q
A

Database Lesson 2 (1 decks)

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