Database Design & Development

Question 1

Flat File Database

Answer 1

All data is stored in a single table. Results in duplication of data that wastes storage space and causes modification anomalies.

Question 2

Relational Database

Answer 2

Database composed of several linked tables/entities.

Question 3

Record occurrence

Answer 3

This is data held on one particular thing or person, e.g. information on a single employee.

Question 4

Field/attribute

Answer 4

A heading/name of an item of data in a record

Question 5

Primary Key

Answer 5

A field that uniquely identifies a record in a table

Question 6

Foreign Key

Answer 6

This is a primary key in another table. This allows two tables to be connected.

Question 7

Validation

Answer 7

This can be applied to fields in the design of a database to allow only certain data to be entered

Question 8

Length Check

Answer 8

This ensures that data can only be a certain number of characters long.

Question 9

Range Check

Answer 9

This will ensure that the user is entering data between certain specified values.

Question 10

Restricted Choice

Answer 10

This means the user can only enter data from within a list. Created by a lookup list. FOREIGN KEY must have this.

Question 11

Presence Check

Answer 11

This checks whether the data exists. This means the user may not enter a null value into the field. PRIMARY KEY must have this.

Question 12

Sort

Answer 12

To put a field/s in order of ascending/descending.

Question 13

Compound Key

Answer 13

When two are more fields that are primary keys in other tables are used to create a primary key.

Question 14

Data Dictionary

Answer 14

Shows the structure of the database. This is part of the design stage.

Question 15

One to One

Answer 15

This type of relationship indicates when there is a single item in one table linked to another singular item in another table.

Question 16

One to Many

Answer 16

This type of relationship describes one item of one table being linked to multiple items in another.

Question 17

Many to Many

Answer 17

This type of relationship describes multiple items from one table being linked to multiple items in another. You should avoid these.

Question 18

Wire Framing

Answer 18

This is the general method employed to design the user interface for software.

Question 19

SQL

Answer 19

Structured Query Language. A special-purpose programming language designed for managing data held in a database.

Question 20

SQL SELECT statement

Answer 20

Used to retrieve data from tables in a database

Question 21

SQL INSERT statement

Answer 21

INSERT INTO usedcars (model,price,year) VALUES (“Fiesta”,9,999,”2018”)

Question 22

SQL UPDATE statement

Answer 22

used to make changes to existing records within a table UPDATE usedcars SET price=29995.00 WHERE year=’2014’

Question 23

SQL DELETE statement

Answer 23

used to remove records from a table DELETE FROM usedcars WHERE year=’2014’

Question 24

Wildcard

Answer 24

A special character that represents other unknown characters in a search. Eg. % (* in Access), _ (? in Access)

Question 25

aggregate function

Answer 25

Performs a calculation on a set of values and then returns a single value. Eg. MIN, MAX, COUNT, SUM, AVG

Question 26

GROUP BY Function

Answer 26

Function that tells SQL how to segment the data that is selected

Question 27

ORDER BY

Answer 27

A SQL clause that is useful for ordering the output of a SELECT query (for example, in ascending or descending order).

Question 28

Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Answer 28

A technique for documenting the relationships between entities in a database environment

Question 29

Entity Occurrence diagram

Answer 29

A diagram that helps to identify the cardinality between entities

Question 30

cardinality

Answer 30

A description of the relationship between entities. one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-many

Question 31

SQL Aliases

Answer 31

Used to give a database table, or a column in a table, a temporary name.