Database Flashcards
the foundation of technological activity
Data
highly organized collection of assembled
Database
sophisticated software that controls the database and the database environment
Database Management System
originated in the trading centers of fourteenth century Italy.
Double-entry bookkeeping
the recording of data to keep track of how much a person has produced and what it can be bartered or sold for.
Record-keeping
produced an adding machine that was an early version of today’s mechanical automobile odometers.
Blaise Pascal
Invented in 1805 by Joseph Marie Jacquard of France.
Punched Cards
former name of IBM
Tabulating Machine Company-
developed devices to automatically feed cards into the equipment and to automatically print results.
James Powers
The earliest form of modern data storage, introduced in the 1870s and 1880s.
Punched paper tape
commercially available units in 1952.
Magnetic Tape
began to be developed at MIT in the late 1930s and early 1940s
Direct Access Magnetic Devices
early 1950s; forerunners of magnetic disk technology
Magnetic Drum
commercially available in mid 1950s.
Magnetic Disk
introduced as a data storage medium in 1985
Compact Disk (CD)
Flash drives.
Solid-state technology
Involves a company protecting its data from theft, malicious destruction, deliberate attempts at making phony changes to the data.
Data Security
Ensuring that even employees who normally have access to the company’s data are given access only to the specific data that they need in their work.
Data Privacy
The ability to reconstruct data if it is lost or corrupted
Backup and Recovery-
started capturing a lot of information about people and about communications among people-posts, tweets, photos, videos
Social Networks
The DBMS software together with the data itself. Sometimes, the applications are also included.
Database System
Some part of the real world about which data is stored in a database. For example, student grades and transcripts at a university.
Mini-world
Those who actually use and control the database content.
Database Users
who design, develop and maintain database applications
Actors on the Scene
Those who design and develop the DBMS software and related tools, and the computer systems operators
Workers Behind the Scene-
Responsible for authorizing access to the database, for coordinating and monitoring its use, acquiring software and hardware resources, controlling its use and monitoring efficiency of operations.
Database administrators-
Responsible to define the content, the structure, the constraints, and functions or transactions against the database. They must communicate with the end-users and understand their needs.
Database Designers
They use the data for queries, reports and some of them update the database content
End-users
access database occasionally when needed
Casual:
they make up a large section of the end-user population.
Naïve or Parametric
These include business analysts, scientists, engineers, others thoroughly familiar with the system capabilities.
Sophisticated
Mostly maintain personal databases using ready-to-use packaged applications.
Stand-alone
They understand the user requirements of naïve and sophisticated users and design applications including canned transactions to meet those requirements.
System Analysts
Implement the specifications developed by analysts and test and debug them before deployment.
Application Programmers
There is an increasing need for such people who can analyze vast amounts of business data and real-time data (“Big Data”) for better decision making related to planning, advertising, marketing etc.
Business Analysts
Design and implement DBMS packages in the form of modules and interfaces and test and debug them. The DBMS must interface with applications, language compilers, operating system components, etc.
System Designers and Implementors
Design and implement software systems called tools for modeling and designing databases, performance monitoring, prototyping, test data generation, user interface creation, simulation etc. that facilitate building of applications and allow using database effectively.
Tool Developers
They manage the actual running and maintenance of the database system hardware and software environment.
Operators and Maintenance Personnel:
