Data Types & Conditional Statements Flashcards
What are statements in python?
Give some examples…
They are lines of code that perform specific actions
Ex. Assigning values to variables
Ex. Calling functions
Ex. Controlling the flow of execution
What are values in python?
Give some examples…
They are the data that programs work with
Ex. Integers
Ex. Strings
Values can be:
- assigned to variables
- used as arguments for functions
- combined w/ operators = produce new values
Give some examples of integer values
Whole numbers
5, -3, 0 etc…
Give some examples of float values
Decimal numbers
3.14, -2.5, 0.0 etc…
What are Boolean values?
Represent true or false
Are used in conditional statements to control program flow
What are Boolean values?
Represent true or false
Are used in conditional statements to control program flow
“________” types, such as what? Can be combined with arithmetic operators, such as +, -, * and /
Numeric
Such as integers and floats
Boolean values can be treated as numeric…
True is “__”
False is “__”
True is 1
False is 0
Strings “_______” be directly combined with numeric types
Cannot
You have to use the conversion function
Give an example converting data to an integer using the int(…) function
age = “25”
age_int = int(age)
print(age_int) # Output: 25
What are the 3 types of conditional statements?
- If
- If=else
- Elif
What is an “if” statement?
Give an example
Check if a number is positive
Used to execute a block of code if a certain condition is true
if condition:
# execute this block of code if the condition is true
Ex.
num = 5
if num > 0:
print(“Number is positive.”)
What is an “if-else” statement?
Give an example
Used to execute a block of code if a certain condition is true AND a different block of code if the condition is false
if condition:
# execute this block of code if the condition is true
else:
# execute this block of code if the condition is
false
Ex.
# Check if a number is positive or negative
num = -5
if num > 0:
print(“The number is positive.”)
else:
print(“The number is negative.”)
What is an ‘if-elif-else’ statement?
Give an example
Used to execute a block of code based on multiple
conditions
condition 1:
# execute this block of code if condition 1 is true
elif condition 2:
# execute this block of code if condition 1 is false and condition 2 is true
else:
# execute this block of code if condition 1 and condition 2 are false
Ex.
# Check if a number is positive, negative, or zero
num = 0
if num > 0:
print(“The number is positive.”)
elif num < 0:
print(“The number is negative.”)
else:
print(“The number is zero.”)
True or false. In an if-elif-else statement, multiple code blocks will execute
False
ONLY ONE code block will operate, the first condition to be true
What are relational operators?
They are used to compare values and return a Boolean value (True or False) based on the comparison result
What does == mean?
Equal to
What does != mean?
Not equal to
Give an example where relational operators are used
x = 2
y = 5
if x == y:
print(“x equals y”)
if x != y:
print(“x is not equal to y”)
if x < y:
print(“x is less than y”)
