Data Types (1.4.1)

Question 1

What are the five main data types?

Answer 1

• Character
• String
• Boolean
• Integer
• Real

Question 2

What is an integer?

Answer 2

A whole number with no fractional part.

e.g. 6, -12, 451 , 0

Question 3

What is a real number/float?

Answer 3

Numbers which can have a fractional part.

e.g. 0, -71.5, 5.01

Question 4

What is a character?

Answer 4

A single letter, digit, symbol or control code

e.g. R, g, 7, &

Question 5

What is a string?

Answer 5

A collection of characters.

e.g. “Hello world!”, “07789”

Question 6

What is a boolean data type?

Answer 6

Can take one of two values (TRUE or FALSE)

Question 7

How are data types represented in the computer?

Answer 7

Using binary (0s and 1s)

Question 8

What is binary?

Answer 8

A number system in base 2 where each step represents a value of 2x the previous place

Question 9

What is a bit?

Answer 9

A single binary digit

Question 10

What is a byte?

Answer 10

Eight bits

Question 11

What is a nybble?

Answer 11

Half a byte of four bits

Question 12

Binary addition:

0+0+0=

Answer 12

0

Question 13

Binary addition:

0+0+1=

Answer 13

1

Question 14

Binary addition:

0+1+1=

Answer 14

10

Question 15

Binary addition:

1+1+1=

Answer 15

11

Question 16

Conjunction (AND)

Answer 16

gate: =|}-
symbol: ^
needs both inputs to be 1

Question 17

Disjunction (OR)

Answer 17

gate: =)}-
symbol: v
needs one or both inputs to be 1

Question 18

Negation (NOT)

Answer 18

gate:=|>.-
symbol: ¬
reverses the input i.e. 0 to 1, 1 to 0

Question 19

Exclusive Disjunction (XOR)

Answer 19

gate: =))}-
symbol: ⊻
needs one input to be true only, not when both are