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Computer Science > Data representation (Paper 1 & 2) > Flashcards

Data representation (Paper 1 & 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is hexadecimal often used?

A

It’s easier for humans to remember hexadecimal numbers as opposed to binary numbers

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2
Q

How many bits in a byte?

A

8 bits = 1 byte

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3
Q

How many bytes in a kilobyte?

A

1000 bytes = 1 kilobytes

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4
Q

How many kilobytes in a megabyte?

A

1000 kilobytes = 1 megabyte

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5
Q

How many megabytes in a gigabyte?

A

1000 megabytes = 1 gigabyte

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6
Q

What is a character set?

A

a defined list of characters recognised by both hardware and software

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7
Q

What are two examples of character sets?

A

ASCII and Unicode

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8
Q

What is an advantage of Unicode over ASCII?

A

Unicode has a wider range of characters

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9
Q

What is an advantage of ASCII over Unicode?

A

ASCII is 7 bit code so it takes up less storage space

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10
Q

What is a pixel?

A

A basic unit of programmable colour

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11
Q

What is a bitmap image?

A

Pixels joined together to form a bitmap image

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12
Q

What is colour depth?

A

Colour depth is the number of bits per pixel

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13
Q

Why does sound need to be converted into a digital form to be stored on a computer?

A

Because analogue sound has an infinite curve on its wavelength so it needs to be converted into a finite curve in order to be stored

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14
Q

What is sampling rate?

A

The number of samples per second of a digital sound

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15
Q

What is the sample resolution?

A

the number of bits used per sample

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16
Q

What is the equation for sound file size?

A

sample rate x sample resolution x number of seconds

17
Q

What is the equation for bitmap image size?

A

image width x image height x colour depth

18
Q

What is data compression?

A

Data compression is a way of making data smaller / more compressed

19
Q

What is lossy compression?

A

When data is compressed by removing some of the data, eg removing pixels from an image

20
Q

What is lossless compression?

A

When data is compressed but none of the data is removed.

21
Q

What is run length encoding?

A

A simple form of lossless compression where runs of data are stored in frequencies,

22
Q

How can data be compressed by huffman coding?

A

It reduces the number of bits per character the more frequently the character is used.

Computer Science (4 decks)

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