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GCSE Computer Science > Data Representation > Flashcards

Data Representation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a bit?

A

The smallest measure of data.

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2
Q

How many bits are in a nibble?

A

4

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3
Q

How many bits are in a byte?

A

8

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4
Q

How many bytes are in a kilobyte?

A

1000

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5
Q

How many kilobytes are in a megabyte?

A

1000

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6
Q

How many megabytes are in a gigabyte?

A

1000

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7
Q

What is binary?

A

A number system which uses only two numbers: 1 and 0. It is what all computers use.

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8
Q

Binary increases in what power?

A

Power of 2 (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128)

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9
Q

In binary, what results from 0+0?

A

0+0=0

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10
Q

In binary, what results from 1+0?

A

1+0=1

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11
Q

In binary, what results from 1+1?

A

1+1=10

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12
Q

What direction is the binary shifted when multiplying?

A

Left

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13
Q

What direction is the binary shifted when dividing?

A

Right

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14
Q

How many digits can Hexadecimal use?

A

16 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F)

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15
Q

How do you convert binary to Hex?

A

Split the binary code into nibbles. Find out the numerical value of each nibble. If it is over 9, it will be a letter from A-F in alphabetical order.

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16
Q

How do you convert Hex to Denary?

A

Multiply each digit by 16 and add the results

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17
Q

What is a character?

A

A number, letter or symbol.

18
Q

What are the two main character sets?

A

ASCII and Unicode

19
Q

What does ASCII stand for?

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

20
Q

What language is ASCII?

A

English

21
Q

How many bits are used per character in ASCII?

A

7 bits

22
Q

How many different characters are in ASCII?

A

128

23
Q

What is Unicode?

A

A character set containing international characters.

24
Q

How do you work out the size of a text file?

A

Bits per character x number of characters

25
Q

What are bitmap images made of?

A

Pixels

26
Q

What are pixels?

A

Tiny dots that images are made of.

27
Q

How is the colour of each pixel represented?

A

Binary code

28
Q

How many bits per pixel do black and white images need?

A

1 bit

29
Q

How many colours can 2 bit images be made of?

A

4 colours - 00, 01, 10, 11

30
Q

How does increasing the amount of bits per pixel affect an image?

A

Increases the range of colours

31
Q

What is bits per pixel known as?

A

Colour depth

32
Q

How do you work out the range of colours based on colour depth?

A

2^n (n = number of bits per pixel)

33
Q

What is image resolution?

A

Number of pixels in an image

34
Q

How does resolution affect image quality?

A

The higher the resolution, the more pixels, the higher the quality

35
Q

How do you work out the file size (in bits) of an image?

A

File size = image resolution x colour depth

36
Q

What is metadata?

A

Data about data

37
Q

What sort of information does metadata include?

A

File format, colour depth, resolution, height and width

38
Q

What are vector images?

A

Images made of blocks of colour, stored as maths equations

39
Q

What does a microphone record sound as?

A

An analogue signal

40
Q

What are analogue signals pieces of?

A

Continually changing data

GCSE Computer Science (2 decks)

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