Data representation Flashcards
What are natural numbers?
A positive whole number used for counting
What is the notation for an infinite set of natural numbers
N
What are integer numbers
A positive or negative whole number, includes 0
What is the notation for integer numbers
Z
What are rational numbers
Any number which can be expressed as a ratio or fraction
What is the notation for a rational number
Q
What are real numbers
Any possible real world quantity, can be whole numbers and decimals. Does not include imaginary numbers such as infinity
What is the notation for real numbers
R
What are ordinal numbers
A number used to describe the numerical position of objects (e.g: he came second in a race, I took the fourth object from the top)
What is the notation for ordinal numbers
There is no notation for ordinal numbers
What number system is denary
Base 10
What does base 10 mean
There are 10 different values to choose from (0-9)
What number system is binary
Base 2
What does base 2 mean
There are only 2 values to choose from (0 and 1)
What base is hexadecimal
Base 16
What does base 16 mean
There are 16 values (0-F)
How do you convert binary to hexadecimal
Split the binary into 4 bit segments. 1011 0011
Add the 4 bits. 1011 = 11, 0011 = 3
Convert denary to hexadecimal 11 = B, 3 = 3
1011 0011 = B3
What can a single bit represent
Either 1 or 0
What is a byte
8 bits
What are the binary prefixes (base 2)
Kibi, 1024 bits
Mebi, 1,048,576 bits
Gibi, 1,073,741,824 bits
Tebi, 1,099,511,627,776 bits
What are the decimal prefixes (base 10)
Kilo, 1000 bits
Mega, 1,000,000 bits
Giga, 1,000,000,000 bits
Tera, 1,000,000,000,000 bits
What happens to the most significant bit in two’s compliment
Turns negative
How do you turn a positive to a negative in twos compliment
Reverse the positive binary (e.g 01110101 turns into 10001011 or 117 to -117) (this works both ways)
