Data Repositories and File Formats File Formats

Question 1

Data Repositories

Answer 1

• Databases.
• Relational Databases.
• Non-Relational Databases (NoSQL).
• Data Warehouses.
• Data Marts.
• Data Lakes.
• Big Data Stores.
• Cloud-based Relational Databases.

Question 2

File Formats

Answer 2

• Delimited Text file format, or CSV.
• Microsoft Excel Open, XLSX.
• Extensible Markup Language, or XML.
• Portable Document Format, or PDF.
• JavaScript Object Notation, or JSON.

Question 3

Databases

Answer 3

It is an organized collection of data that it is use for storing and managing data for specific purposes (transaction, queries, or reports), it is controlled by a database management system.

Question 4

Data Warehouse

Answer 4

It is a central repository that merges information coming from disparate/different sources. After gathering, it consolidates the data through the extract, transform, and load process known as “ETL process” into one comprehensive database for analytics and business intelligence.

Question 5

Data Marts

Answer 5

It is a sub-section of the data warehouse. There can be multiple Data Marts in one Data Warehouse, each one having specific data that users can interact/use depending on their business function, purpose, or community.

Question 6

Data Lakes

Answer 6

Is a storage repository that can store large amounts of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data in their native format (Raw).

Question 7

Big Data Stores

Answer 7

a storage system designed to efficiently store, retrieve, and analyze massive amounts of data in different structures that are not stored in traditional relational databases.

Question 8

ETL process

Answer 8

Extract, Transform, and Load.
- Helps to extract data from different data sources.
- Transform the data into a clean and usable state.
- Load the data into the data repository (In this case Data Warehouse).

Question 9

Data Pipeline

Answer 9

Is a term that encompasses the moving of data from one system to another, including the ETL process. Data Pipeline doesn’t transform data or it may transform it but after loading.

Question 10

Delimited Text (CSV)

Answer 10

Is a file format that stores data in rows and columns, with each column separated by a delimiter characters.

Question 11

Delimiter Character

Answer 11

It can be a Comma “,”, Tab “”, Colon “:”, Vertical Bar “|”, and Space. In CSV. Formats the delimiter is a Comma “,” and in TSV. Formats the delimiter is a Tab “”.

Question 12

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

Answer 12

Is a markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing arbitrary(random) data.

Question 13

JavaScrip Obj Notion (JSON)

Answer 13

Is a text-based format for storing and exchanging data that it can be both human-readable and machine-parsable.

Question 14

Relational Databases

Answer 14

It is a database that stores and provides access to data organized into a table structure (rows and columns), where the tables can be linked, or related, to other data tables that had common information.

Question 15

Non-Relational Databases

Answer 15

It is a database design that provides flexible schemas for the storage and retrieval of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data.

Question 16

Four types of NoSQL databases

Answer 16

• Key-value store.
• Document based.
• Column based.
• Graph based.

Question 17

Key-value store

Answer 17

key-value database stored data as a collection of key-value pairs. The Key represents an attribute of the data and is a unique identifier.

Question 18

Document Based

Answer 18

In this database, the data and each record it is stored within a single document.

Question 19

Column Based

Answer 19

In this database, the data is store in cells grouped as columns of data instead of rows.

Question 20

Graph Based

Answer 20

This database use graphical models to represent and store data.

Question 21

Data Management System (DBMS)

Answer 21

Is a set of programs in the database that creates and maintains and it allows you to store, modify, and extract information from the database using a function called Querying.

Question 22

Cloud-based Relational Databases

Answer 22

They are like regular Relational Databases but they have access to the limitless compute and storage capabilities offered by the cloud and manages data within an organization.