Data Managment Unit 5

Question 1

Numerical (Quantitative) Data

Answer 1

data that involves numbers

Question 2

Continuous Data (Numerical)

Answer 2

Measurements of any data that can be any number in a range

Question 3

Discrete Data (Numerical)

Answer 3

Can only have certain values

Question 4

Categorical (Qualitative) Data

Answer 4

Information about something that sorted into groups

Question 5

Ordinal Data (Categorical)

Answer 5

Numerical data which can be ranked

Question 6

Nominal Data (Catergorical)

Answer 6

Data which cannot be ranked

Question 7

Population

Answer 7

All the individuals in a group being studied

Question 8

Sample

Answer 8

A portion of the population used to represent

Question 9

Variability (in samples)

Answer 9

• how samples are different from each other
• The more similar the samples are to each other, the lower the variability

Question 10

Simple Random Sample

Answer 10

Individuals are chosen at random
- Easy
- Might not be representative if the sample is too small
- Phone survey where #’s are randomly chosen

Question 11

Systematic Random Sample

Answer 11

A mathematical rule used to generate a sample
- The rule ensures that people are chosen from the whole list
- the list must be complete
- Ex. every 5th person in line

Question 12

Stratified Random Sample

Answer 12

A random sample is taken from groups that have been seperated
- If the stratification is representative then the sample can be good.
- If the groups are not representative then the results can be biased
- Choose 20 people per grade. Choose a representative sample of each grade based on the relative population

Question 13

Cluster

Answer 13

Divide the population into groups, randomly choose a number of the groups, and sample each member of the chosen groups
- Good data if enough samples are taken
- Can exclude parts of a population grouped together
- Survey classes within a school board

Question 14

Multistage Random Sample

Answer 14

1st divide the population evenly. 2nd randomly sample each group
- can be representative
- can amplify
- Divide the alphabet equally and choose a letter rom each group

Question 15

Convenience

Answer 15

Sample those individuals easily accessible
- easy
- easy to have a non-representative sample
- ask people in line at a store

Question 15

Voluntary

Answer 15

send a survey for response
- easy and cheap
- generally biased by responses of only people who care deeply
- send a survey to every house

Question 16

Experimental study

Answer 16

a study conducted where an independent variable is changed and the dependent variable is measured

Question 17

Observational study

Answer 17

observing the relationship between z variables. “examaning 2 sets of data”

Question 18

Primary Data

Answer 18

Data which is collected to answer a specific question

Question 19

secondary data

Answer 19

data used that was originally collected for another purpose

Question 20

bias

Answer 20

the data representative of the population as a whole

Question 21

primary data source

Answer 21

data generated based on a testable question

Question 22

secondary data source

Answer 22

data used from a source which generated it for another purpose

Question 23

microdata

Answer 23

statistics which are separated by individual or group

Question 24

aggregate data

Answer 24

data which has been pooled so that individuals are not distinguishable

Question 25

price index

Answer 25

measurement of the change in cost over time of an item

Question 26

response bias

Answer 26

when respondents change their answers to influence the results, to avoid embarrassment, or to give answer they think the questioner wants

Question 27

sampling bias

Answer 27

when the sample does not closely represent the population

Question 28

measurment bias

Answer 28

when the collection method is such that the characteristics are consistently over or under represented

Question 29

non response bias

Answer 29

when the opinions of respondents differ in meaningful ways from those of non-respondents