Data Interpretation

Question 1

–measurements (such as length, mass, and speed) that provide information about quantities in numbers

Answer 1

QUANTITATIVE DATA

Question 2

information (colors, scents, shapes, tastes) that can NOT be measured using numbers

Answer 2

QUALITATIVE DATA

Question 3

information that can be expressed only by a specific value (ie. whole or half number)

example: people can only be counted in whole numbers, therefore a population count is this type of data

Answer 3

DISCRETE DATA

Question 4

information (ie time, temperature) that can be expressed by ANY value WITHIN A GIVEN RANGE

Answer 4

CONTINUOUS DATA

Question 5

information that can be placed in NUMERICAL ORDER

-age, weight

Answer 5

ORDINAL DATA

Question 6

information that can NOT be placed in numerical order

-names, places

Answer 6

NOMINAL DATA

Question 7

information that has been collected directly from a survey, experiment, study, investigation
-when this type of data has not yet been analyzed it’s considered raw data

Answer 7

PRIMARY DATA

Question 8

information that has been collected, sorted, and processed by the researcher

Answer 8

SECONDARY DATA

Question 9

a graph that uses _____ to compare data; includes a scale that identifies the units being measured

Answer 9

BAR GRAPH

Question 10

a graph that connects points to show how data increases or decreases over time
-the timeline is the horizontal axis

Answer 10

LINE GRAPH

Question 11

a graph that uses pictures or symbols to show data

• a key will identify what each symbol represents
• generally, each symbol stands for 1 or more objects

Answer 11

PICTOGRAPH

Question 12

a diagram used to compare parts of a whole

• a full ____ represents the whole, and is divided into sectors that each represent something that is part of the whole
• the size of each sector is determined by the percentage of the whole that the associated quantity represents

Answer 12

PIE CHART or CIRCLE GRAPH

Question 13

a special type of bar graph where the data are grouped in intervals (ie for ages 20-29, 30-39, 40-49).
-the frequency (the # of times a value occurs in each interval) is indicated by the height of the bar

Answer 13

HISTOGRAM

Question 14

each piece of data is split into 2 parts

1. left/first part
2. right/second part
   - lets you see which values fall into a specific range
   - keeps all of the original data
   - works best with small sets of data

Answer 14

STEM AND LEAF PLOT

1. stem
2. leaf

Question 15

a regression that uses an I.V.

Answer 15

SIMPLE REGRESSION

Question 16

useful for knowing the types of functions that are given with the data
-helpful for finding the simple regression

Answer 16

SCATTER PLOT

Question 17

is an input into a system that may take on values freely

Answer 17

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

Question 18

changes as a consequence of changes in other values (in the equation)

Answer 18

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Question 19

most useful when data is approximately normal, does not contain extreme outliers (ie there is little variation)
-the sum of the data points divided by the number of data points

Answer 19

THE MEAN

Question 20

a more appropriate measure of central tendency when data shows much variation
-gives a better idea of a “typical” data point

its the value in the middle of the data set; 50% of the data points lie above it and 50% of the data points lie below it
-average of the middle 2 data points

Answer 20

THE MEDIAN

Question 21

useful to get a general sense of the shape of distribution; shows where the peaks of the distribution are
-value that appears most often in the data set

Answer 21

THE MODE

Question 22

difference between the highest and lowest value in the distribution of a data set

Answer 22

THE RANGE

Question 23

more of its values to the left of the peak

-longer/fatter tail on the left side of the peak

Answer 23

SKEWED LEFT

Question 24

more of its values to the right of the peak

-longer/fatter tail on the right side of the peak

Answer 24

SKEWED RIGHT

Question 25

if a distribution has a single peak, it is considered

Answer 25

UNIMODAL

Question 26

if a distribution has two discernible peaks

Answer 26

BIMODAL

Question 27

a distribution in which there is no distinct peak or variation in the data

Answer 27

UNIFORM distribution