Data Integrity and security

Question 1

What is data integrity?

Answer 1

Data integrity relates to the consistency, accuracy and reliability of data.

Question 2

What is the goal of data integrity?

Answer 2

The goal of data integrity is to protect against data being changed, deleted or substituted without authorization.

Question 3

Name ATLEAST 4 ways in which data integrity can be comprimised

Answer 3

1. Human error (Innacurate data entry, accidental changing of data)
2. Natural Disasters
3. Worms and viruses
4. hardware malfunctions
5. Fraud
6. Malicious deletion or changing of data

Question 4

What is data security?

Answer 4

Data security means protecting information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification or destruction

Question 5

*What are the 2 types of data security?

Answer 5

Physical ( e.g: locks, fireproof safes etc)

Software( e.g: audit trails, passwords etc)

Question 6

Name ATLEAST 5 methods of physical data security

Answer 6

1. Locks
2. Security Guards
3. Burglar Alarms
4. Monitoring system using video cameras
5. Biometric scans
6. Electronic doors that can only be opened using passwords
   or magnetic cards
7. Outer structural security
8. Storing data in a fireproof safe or cabinet
9. Storing data in another building or in another location
10. Distributing work to a number of employees instead of
    just one

Question 7

Name ATLEAST 4 methods of software based data security

Answer 7

1. Password for the system
2. Password for individual files or folders
3. Audit trials or access logos
4. Encryption – This is encoding(scrambling ) data during
   storage or transmission so that it cannot be understood.
5. Firewall-This is a program, a hardware device or a
   combination of both that filters the information coming in
   through your computer system or network connection or
   internet
6. Antivirus software

Question 8

What is a computer virus?

Answer 8

A computer virus is a small program written to alter the way a
computer operates, without the permission or knowledge of
the user.

Question 9

What is a worm?

Answer 9

Worms are programs that replicate themselves from system
to system without the use of a host file. This is in contrast to
viruses, which requires the spreading of an infected host
file.

Question 10

What is a trojan horse

Answer 10

Trojan horses are impostors—files that claim to be

something desirable but, in fact, are malicious.

Question 11

What is data privacy?

Answer 11

Information privacy, or data privacy is the relationship
between collection and dissemination of data,
technology, the public expectation of privacy, and the
legal and political issues surrounding them.

Question 12

Name ATLEAST 4 computer crimes

Answer 12

1. Software piracy
2. Hacking
3. Cracking
4. Internet Fraud
5. Industrial espionage

Question 13

define biometrics

Answer 13

Biometrics is the automated method of recognizing a
person based on a physiological or behavioral
characteristic.

Question 14

List ATLEAST 4 types of biometric input

Answer 14

1. Fingerprints
2. Face Recognition
3. Speaker Recognition
4. Iris Recognition
5. Hand and Finger Geometry
6. Signature Verification

Question 15

Define the term: computer crime

Answer 15

criminal
activity involving an information technology
infrastructure.

Question 16

What is a phishing scam?

Answer 16

Phishing is a type of online scam where criminals impersonate legitimate organizations via email, text message, advertisement or other means in order to trick users into giving away sensitive data

Question 17

What is ransomware?

Answer 17

Ransomware is a type of malware from cryptovirology that threatens to publish the victim’s personal data or perpetually block access to it unless a ransom is paid

Question 18

What is Spyware?

Answer 18

Spyware is any software that installs itself on your computer and starts covertly monitoring your online behavior without your knowledge or permission