Data handling and analysis Flashcards
What are meta-analyses and what type of data does this collect?
Collecting data from several studies with the same research aims and re-analysing them; Secondary data
What is the mean?
Average score
What is primary data?
Data collected first hand by the researcher, directly from their own participants. It is new data that has never been collected before
What is the mode?
The most frequently occurring data/number
What is the median?
The middle number
What are the measures of dispersion?
Range and standard deviation
What should you display on a bar chart?
Categorical/nominal data - set integer values, e.g. students in a class
What should you display on a histogram?
Continuous data - can take on any value, e.g. weight
What should you display on a scatter graph?
Correlational data
What does a positive skew look like?
Scores are mainly below the mean and so are concentrated to the left of the graph
What does a negative skew look like?
Scores are mainly above the mean and so are concentrated to the right of the graph
Describe the range
Biggest no - smallest no. The higher it is the more variability is in the data set
Describe the standard deviation
Tells you the spread of data around the mean and to see the relationships between scores
What type of data uses the sign test?
Nominal
What are co-variables?
The variables investigated in a correlational study. The relationship between them is investigated, not cause and effect
What is nominal data?
Frequency data - it measures how many; uses the sign test or chi-squared test
What is ordinal data?
Continuous data - data along a scale with inexact quantities between points; uses the Mann-Whitney or Wilcoxon tests
What is interval data?
Continuous data - data on a scale with exact and equal intervals between points; uses the t-test or Pearson’s r
What rhyme do you use to remember nominal data tests?
Naughty children swear constantly
What rhyme do you use to remember ordinal data sets?
Only men want sausages
What rhyme do you use to remember interval data sets?
I usually rate pizza
Which measure of central tendency is the most sensitive and what does this make it?
Mean; makes it more representative of all values
What is coding and when is it used?
The means by which qualitative data is summarised into meaningful categories for analysis. Used in thematic analysis
What is the difference between content and thematic analysis?
Thematic analysis is different from content because you do not count the themes, you cluster them under headings
