Data Gathering Flashcards
Physical gathering methods:
Beach profile, microclimate analysis, pebble/sediment analysis, slope analysis, soil analysis, stream analysis and vegetation analysis
Human gathering methods:
EQS, interviews, pedestrian and traffic surveys, questionnaires and land use mapping
Three types of sampling:
+ random
+ systematic (regular intervals)
+ stratified (specific characteristics)
How do you carry out a beach profile?
Ranging poles placed at each peak and trough, measuring tape stretched between them, clinometer held at red line
Consideration of a beach profile:
+ tides
+ weather (wind or rain)
+ ranging poles must be held straight and placed in the sand at a constant depth
How do you carry out a microclimate analysis?
You must record: \+ temperature (thermometer) \+ wind speed (anemometer) \+ humidity (hygrometer) \+ soil moisture (moisture meter) Etc...
Considerations of a microclimate analysis:
+ the effects of vegetation
+ buildings
+ seasonal changes
How would you process the data found in a microclimate analysis?
Polar graph for wind
Line graph for temperature
Bar graph for rain
How do you carry out a pebble/sediment analysis?
Place quadrant, collect sediment, measure with calliper and use power scale index to classify
How do you process sediment analysis data?
+ power scale index as divided bar graph
+ Zing classification
How do you carry out a slope analysis?
Same as a beach profile
Considerations of slope analysis:
+ stratified sampling used to record significant gradient changes
How do you carry out a stream analysis?
Measure the width of the river, measure the river depth, calculate velocity with floating item and collect sediment with water bottle
Considerations of a stream analysis:
+ safety near water
+ rainfall events and patterns
How would you process data gathered from a stream analysis?
+ cross section
+ line graph for velocity
+ line graph for deposition
How do you carry out a vegetation analysis?
Place quadrat, record vegetation cover in one square, use identification sheet to indentify all species
Considerations of a vegetation analysis:
+ carry out when plants are flowering and visit,e
+ take photos
+ random sampling
How would you present vegetation analysis data?
+ kite diagram for cover
+ divided bar graph for species
How do you carry out an environmental quality survey?
Create a table on iPad, visit site, rank each factor from 1 to 5 and then create total score
Considerations of an EQS:
+ data is subjective
+ assumptions may be based on prior conceptions
+ same person must carry out the survey at all of the sites
How would you process an EQS?
Use bipolar analysis
How do you conduct interviews?
Prepare questions, ask members of public, tape record or write down answers and maintain social distancing
Considerations of an interview:
+ hard to analyse statistically
+ time consuming
+ increasingly detailed results
How would you process interview responses?
Quote
How do you carry out pedestrian or traffic surveys?
Go to point of interest, use click counter to record number, record on recording sheet
Considerations of pedestrian and traffic surveys?
+ must sample at peak and off-peak times
+ sample on different days and weeks
+ sample in different weather conditions
+ make a consistent rule of recording
How would you process a pedestrian or traffic survey?
Prorational circles map
How do you carry out a questionnaire?
Create questionnaire of specific questions, hand out in public or email, collate results
Considerations of a questionnaire:
\+ time consuming \+ not representative of whole population \+ people might not respond \+ must be short enough not to become boring \+ easy to answer questions \+ carry out in busy area
How would you process questionnaire data?
Sphere of influence or with a pie chart
How do you carry out land use mapping?
Find acronym (RICEPOTS…), go to area or street view, record land use of each unit or open space, add to table, figure out percentages
Considerations of land use mapping:
+ laborious so area can the large
+ might need to ask for permission
+ must have a rule of recording (bottoms of buildings, one pavement only…)
How he ovule you process land use mapping data?
+ land use maps
+ percentage pie charts
+ divided bar graphs
Considerations of a sediment analysis:
+ Sample size must be large to be representative
+ Index is subjective
+ Sampling must be systematic
