Data Descriptive and Measures Flashcards
Data
Pieces of information and may be thought of as observations or measurements of a phenomenon of interest.
An object
A person or thing upon which we collect data is an experimental unit.
Variables
The properties being observed or measured
Quantitative data
Observations measured on a numerical scale and can be measured as how many, how long, how much, and so on…
Qualitative data
Non-nummerical data and can only be classified into one of a group of categories. Examples are: Marital status, racial/ethnic classification, place of residence. Qualitative also describes, hot, yellow, or longer…
Qualitative research
Based on an individual’s, typically subjective, analysis.
Case report
A description of a single individual
Case series
description of a small number of cases with a similar diagnosis
A population
The data set that represent the target of interest. A set or collection of items of interest in a study.
A sample
A subset of items that have been selected from the population
Random sample
The most common type of sampling procedure. Used two obtain a representative subgroup of the population
Nominal scale
Qualitative observations(describes a quality of a person or thing being studied) or categorical (The level of the variable fit into categories) observations. Examples: Sex, race, marital status, education, exposed (yes, no), disease (Yes, no).
Ordinal scale
Qualitative observations. Example: Preference rating (agree, neutral, disagree), rank order scale
Numerical scale
Quantitative observations. There are two types: Continuous (Interval) which has values on a continuum, and Discrete scales, which has values equal to integers
Tabular and graphic data formats
Known as empirical frequency distributions. Useful for describing data or extracting information from a set of data. It is often of interest for a set of data to identify the pattern or grouping into which the data fall
