Data Communication & Web Technology

Question 1

What is Data Communication?

Answer 1

Data Communication: The process of transmitting data between devices or systems.

Question 2

Types of Data Communication:

Answer 2

Serial Communication: Data is transmitted one bit at a time (e.g., RS-232).

Parallel Communication: Multiple bits are transmitted simultaneously (e.g., parallel ports).

Question 3

Transmission Modes:

Answer 3

1. Simplex: One-way communication (e.g., keyboard to computer).
2. Half-Duplex: Two-way communication but not simultaneously (e.g., walkie-talkies).
3. Full-Duplex: Two-way communication simultaneously (e.g., telephones).

Question 4

Types of computer networks

Answer 4

LAN: Local Area Network
PAN: Personal Area Network
MAN: Metropolian Area Network
WAN: Wide Area Network

Question 5

LAN (Local Area Network):

Answer 5

LAN (Local Area Network): A network confined to a small geographic area like a home, office, or school. It typically connects devices like computers, printers, and servers within the same building or campus.

Characteristics: High data transfer rates, low latency, and limited geographical range (usually less than a mile

Question 6

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network):

Answer 6

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): A network that covers a larger geographic area than a LAN but smaller than a WAN. It is typically used to connect multiple LANs within a city or metropolitan area.

Characteristics: It typically uses fiber optic cables or wireless technologies and offers higher speeds than WAN but slower than LAN.

Question 6

WAN (Wide Area Network):

Answer 6

WAN (Wide Area Network): A network that covers a large geographic area, often spanning cities, countries, or even continents. The internet is an example of a WAN.

Characteristics: Slower data transfer rates compared to LANs, and longer latency due to the large distances involved. WANs use leased lines, satellite links, or fiber optics for connectivity.

Question 7

PAN (Personal Area Network):

Answer 7

PAN (Personal Area Network): A network used for personal devices within a small area, such as a single room or a person’s workspace. It is typically used to connect devices like smartphones, tablets, and laptops.

Characteristics: Short range (up to 100 meters), typically using Bluetooth or Wi-Fi technologies for connection.

Question 8

What is a Network

Answer 8

A network is a system of interconnected devices, such as computers, printers, servers, and other hardware, that can communicate with each other to share data, resources, and services.

Question 9

Key Aspects of a Network:

Answer 9

Devices
Data Sharing
Network Protocols
HTTP/HTTPS
FTP

Question 10

Devices

Answer 10

These are the physical or virtual entities that make up the network, such as computers, smartphones, routers, servers, and printers.

Question 11

Communication Channels:

Answer 11

The mediums through which data travels between
devices. This can be:

Wired: Ethernet cables, fiber optics.

Question 12

Data Sharing:

Answer 12

Devices in a network can share data, such as files, documents, and resources like printers and internet connections.

Question 13

Network Protocols:

Answer 13

Network Protocols:

Rules and conventions that control how data is transmitted and received. Common protocols include:
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The fundamental protocol suite for internet communication.

HTTP/HTTPS: Used for browsing websites.

FTP: File Transfer Protocol for transferring files.

Question 14

Purpose of a Network:

Answer 14

Resource Sharing: Allows sharing of resources like printers, internet connections, and files.

Communication: Enables communication via emails, video calls, or instant messaging.

Data Security: Through secure protocols and firewalls,
networks can protect data from unauthorized access.

Efficiency: Facilitates quicker access to information and resources, improving productivity and collaboration.