Data Communication And Network Topology Flashcards
P2P model
Peer to peer model. It’s a communication model in which each party has the same capabilities.
Each IP packet consists of
Each packet consists of a header which provides info about the packet’s contents, origin, and destination
size of IPv4
32 bits
Size of IPv6
128 bits
What is IP address
Internet protocol address is used to identify a device on the internet.
It’s assigned to each node in a network
Fastest wired medium of transmission
Optical fibre
Fastest wireless medium of transmission
Microwave
Define bandwidth
The maximum data transfer rate of a network is called its bandwidth
Difference between guided and unguided media
Guided media uses cables to connect computers, whereas unguided media uses electromagnetic waves
Wired or wireless medium is faster?
Wired
Difference between packet switching and circuit switching
Packet switching
- data is divided into packets and packets is sent independently
- data is processed at all intermediate nodes including the source system
- no physical path between source and destination
- high latency
Circuit switching
- there is a dedicated path for each packet in circuit switching
- data is processed at the source system only
- there is a physical path between the source and the destination
- low latency
Difference between packet switching and message switching
Packet switching
- there’s a tight upper limit on the block size
- all packets are stored in main memory
Message switching
- there is no upper limit
- packets are stored on disk
Advantages of optical fibre
- high bandwidth
- can transmit data over long distances
- no electromagnetic interference
Difference between twisted pair cable and coaxial cable
Twisted pair cable
- bandwidth not as high as coaxial
- consists of two copper wires twisted around each other like a double helix
Coaxial cable
- has high bandwidth
- consists of copper wire covered by an insulating material
Full form of ARPANET
Advanced research project agency network
What is a Modem?
Modulator demodulator is used for conversion between analog signals and digital bits.
Sender’s end: it acts as a modulator and converts digital data to analog signals.
Receiver’s end: it acts as a demodulator and converts analog signals to digital data
What is RJ45
Registered jack-45 is an eight pin connector used exclusively with ethernet cables
What is web hosting?
Web hosting is a service that allows users to put a website or a webpage onto the internet and make it a part of the world wide web
Name some web browsers
- google chrome
- microsoft edge
- mozilla Firefox
- opera
- Safari
What is PAN
Personal Area Network
- connects few personal devices
- range: 10 metres
- can be wired or wireless
What is WPAN
wireless PAN
What is LAN
Local Area Network
- range: upto 1km
What is MAN
Metropolitan Area Network
- extended form of LAN
- range: upto 30-40km
What is WAN
Wide Area Network
- connects devices across countries and continents
What is Ethernet
Ethernet is a set of rules that decides how computers and other devices connect with each other in a LAN
What is Ethernet Card?
Ethernet Card or Network interface card (NIC) is a network adapter used to set up wired network
ISP
Internet service provider
- organisation that provides services for accessing the internet
What is a repeater?
It’s a device that amplifies and restores signals for long distance transmission
What is a hub?
- It’s a device used to interconnect computers through wires.
- Data arriving on any of the lines are sent out on all the others.
- data from two devices cannot be received simultaneously
What is switch?
- device used to interconnect computers through wires
- keeps record of MAC address of the devices connected to it
- doesn’t forward corrupted or noisy signals
What is a router?
- connects LAN to the internet
- can receive, analyse and transmit data in a network
- wireless router provides wifi access to a device
What is a Gateway?
- it serves as the entry and exit point of a network
- maintains information about the host networks internal connection paths
What is MAC address?
Media access control
- it known as physical or hardware address
- MAC address is engraved on the NIC at the time of manufacturing
- it is permanent address and cannot be changed
What is WWW?
World wide web
- information stored in the form of interlinked web pages and web resources
What is HTML?
Hypertext Markup language
- used to design standardized web pages
What is URI or URL?
Uniform resource identifier
OR
Uniform resource Locator
- unique web address or path for each resource located on the web
What is HTTP?
Hypertext transfer protocol
- used to retrieve linked web pages across the web
What is FTP?
File transfer protocol
- simplest and most secure way to exchange files over the internet
What is TCP/IP?
Transmission control protocol / Internet protocol
- TCP is responsible for verifying the correct delivery of data from client to server
- IP is responsible for moving packets from node to node
What is SMTP?
Simple mail transfer protocol
- standard protocol for email services in TCP/IP networks
What is POP3?
Post office protocol version 3
- message access protocol which allows client to fetch an email from remote mail server
What is Telnet?
- Allows users to remotely access and manage computer over a network
- provides two-way collaborative text based communication channel
What is PPP?
Point to point protocol
- used between two directly connected computers
- byte-oriented protocol widely used in broadband communication having heavy load and high speed
What is XML?
Extensible Markup language
Difference between web server and web browser
Web server
- software that hosts websites and serves web pages to clients
Web browser
- Application used to access and display web pages from a web server
