Data Communication Flashcards
This performs other functions to ensure data is transmitted from source to destination
Software in the network electronics
Types of Topology
- Fully connected
- star
- tree
- ring
- bus
- irregular
Network classification
what is LAN?
Local Area Network
Network classification
what is MAN?
Metropolitan Area Network
Network classification
what is WAN?
Wide Area Network
What is Simplex?
the direction of the data between two node is in one way only
This allows data to traverse in both direction but only in one direction at a time (not simultaneous)?
Half-Duplex
Allows data to go in opposite directions at the same time
Full-Duplex
- a technique used in networks to reduce the complexity of making software communicate.
Layering
Physical Layer
what are the four important characteristics?
- Mechanical
- Electrical
- Functional
- Procedural
separates bit streams into frames, putting large data into small, manageable units
Data Link Layer
determine the routes a packet should traverse from the source to the destination station.
Network Layer
responsible for establishing, maintaining, and terminating communications between two machines.
Transport Layer
responsible for establishing and maintaining virtual connections between running processes in different computers
Session Layers
convert data from the application format into a common format called the canonical representation
Presentation Layer
this is where facilities like e-mail, directory look-up, file transfer, etc., belong.
displays received information and sends the user’s data to the lower layers.
Application Layer
official protocol in this layer which is similar in functionality to the OSI network layer
IP - Internet Protocol
allows hosts to transmit packets and let them travel
independently even when out of sequence
Internet Layer
Allows peer entities on the source and destination hosts to carry on conversation just like the OSI transport layer
Transport Layer
Two Types Of Transport Layer
- Establishes a reliable connection-oriented
communication
TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
Two Types Of Transport Layer
Used for one-shot, request-reply service where prompt delivery is more important than accuracy
UDP - User Datagram Protocol
Application Layer Components
Telnet - virtual terminal for users who log on to a distant machine and works there.
SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
FTP - File Transfer Protocol
HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol
NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol
is a set of rules that make communication on a network more efficient
Protocol
The rules and conventions used in this communication are collectively known as the
Layer n protocol
The rules and conventions used in this communication are collectively known as the
Layer n protocol
Protocols
Key Elements
Syntax
- structure or format of the data.
Semantics
- meaning of each section of bits.
Timing
- when data should be sent
how fast they can be sent
multinational body
members from the standards creation committees of various governments throughout the world.
active in developing cooperation in the realms of scientific, technological, and economic activity.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
formerly the Consultative Committee for International Telegraphy and Telephony (CCITT).
Devoted to the research and establishment of standards for telecommunications.
International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standards Sector (ITU-T)
