Data 3

Question 1

Continuous data

Answer 1

Data that is measured and can have almost any numeric value

Question 2

Discrete data

Answer 2

Data that is counted and has a limited number of values

Question 3

Nominal data

Answer 3

A type of qualitative data that is categorized without a set order

Question 4

Nominal data

Answer 4

A type of qualitative data that is categorized without a set order

Question 5

Ordinal data

Answer 5

A type of qualitative data with a set order or scale

Question 6

Ordinal data

Answer 6

A type of qualitative data with a set order or scale

Question 7

Long data

Answer 7

data where each row contains a single data point for a particular item. In the long data example below, individual stock prices (data points) have been collected for Apple (AAPL), Amazon (AMZN), and Google (GOOGL) (particular items) on the given dates.

Preferred when Storing a lot of variables about each subject. For example, 60 years worth of interest rates for each bank
Performing advanced statistical analysis or graphing

Question 8

Wide data

Answer 8

is data where each row contains multiple data points for the particular items identified in the columns.
Preferred when Creating tables and charts with a few variables about each subject
Comparing straightforward line graphs

Question 9

Data transformation

Answer 9

Data transformation is the process of changing the data’s format, structure, or values.
Adding, copying, or replicating data

Deleting fields or records

Standardizing the names of variables

Renaming, moving, or combining columns in a database

Joining one set of data with another

Saving a file in a different format. For example, saving a spreadsheet as a comma separated values (.csv) file.

Question 10

How do you know you have good data?

Answer 10

R reliable
O original
C comprehensive
C cited
C current

Question 11

Pii

Answer 11

Personally identifiable information

Question 12

Interoperability

Answer 12

Multiple parties can access and share info. Like psychiatrist sending prescription to

Question 13

Currency

Answer 13

The aspect of data ethics that presumes individuals should be aware of financial transactions resulting from the use of their personal data and the scale of those transactions

Question 14

Ethics

Answer 14

Well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues

Question 15

Ethics

Answer 15

Well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues

Question 16

Observer bias

Answer 16

The tendency for different people to observe things differently (also called experimenter bias)

Question 17

Transaction transparency

Answer 17

The aspect of data ethics that presumes all data-processing activities and algorithms should be explainable and understood by the individual who provides the data

Question 18

Relational database

Answer 18

is a database that contains a series of tables that can be connected to form relationships. Basically, they allow data analysts to organize and link data based on what the data has in common.

In a non-relational table, you will find all of the possible variables you might be interested in analyzing all grouped together. This can make it really hard to sort through. This is one reason why relational databases are so common in data analysis: they simplify a lot of analysis processes and make data easier to find and use across an entire database.

Question 19

Relational database

Answer 19

is a database that contains a series of tables that can be connected to form relationships. Basically, they allow data analysts to organize and link data based on what the data has in common.

In a non-relational table, you will find all of the possible variables you might be interested in analyzing all grouped together. This can make it really hard to sort through. This is one reason why relational databases are so common in data analysis: they simplify a lot of analysis processes and make data easier to find and use across an entire database.

Question 20

Normalization

Answer 20

is a process of organizing data in a relational database. For example, creating tables and establishing relationships between those tables. It is applied to eliminate data redundancy, increase data integrity, and reduce complexity in a database.

Question 21

Primary key

Answer 21

is an identifier that references a column in which each value is unique. In other words, it’s a column of a table that is used to uniquely identify each record within that table. The value assigned to the primary key in a particular row must be unique within the entire table. For example, if customer_id is the primary key for the customer table, no two customers will ever have the same customer_id.

Question 22

Primary key

Answer 22

is an identifier that references a column in which each value is unique. In other words, it’s a column of a table that is used to uniquely identify each record within that table. The value assigned to the primary key in a particular row must be unique within the entire table. For example, if customer_id is the primary key for the customer table, no two customers will ever have the same customer_id.

Question 23

Csv

Answer 23

Comma separated values

Question 24

Cleaning data

Answer 24

Sort by
Find and replace blanks or errors
Remove blank rows.
Formats: value types

Question 25

Camel case

Answer 25

CamelCase capitalization means that you capitalize the start of each word, like a two-humped (Bactrian) camel. So the table TicketsByOccasion uses CamelCase capitalization

Question 26

Snake case

Answer 26

snake_case

Question 27

Sql comments

Answer 27

– is used in all platforms, # can be used in some
if you have more than two lines of comments, it might be cleaner and easier is to use /* to start the comment and */ to close the comment.

Question 28

Schema

Answer 28

Schema: A way of describing how something, such as data, is organized

Question 29

Schema

Answer 29

Schema: A way of describing how something, such as data, is organized

Question 30

Types of metadata

Answer 30

Administrative
Metadata that indicates the technical source of a digital asset

Descriptive
Metadata that describes a piece of data and can be used to identify it at a later point in time

Structural
Metadata that indicates how a piece of data is organized and whether it is part of one or more than one data collection