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Digital Technology > Data > Flashcards

Data Flashcards

1
Q

What is data?

A

Data is raw facts and figures

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2
Q

What is information?

A

Data that has been processed by the computer and given context

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3
Q

What is knowledge?

A

Information that has been given an application

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4
Q

What is data collection?

A

The process of gathering data

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5
Q

Why is data collected?

A

To gather information in a measured and systematic manner ensuring accuracy and allow for data analysis

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6
Q

What are methods of data collection?

A

Use of autonomous devices
Passive and active data collection
Manual Data collection
Use of Usage Data

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7
Q

What is passive data collection?

A

Data that is collected without the participant’s involvement, working without the person realising that data is being gathered

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8
Q

What is active data collection?

A

Data that is collected by requesting it from the person and requires the person to actively provide the data

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9
Q

What is usage data?

A

Data about how a product or service is used

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10
Q

What is manual data collection?

A

Data that is collected by humans manually and in a traditional fashion

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11
Q

How do autonomous devices work in regards of data collection?

A

Autonomous devices have the ability to make their own decisions and with the use of sensors and softwares, have the ability to gather relevant information

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12
Q

What are methods of manual data collection?

A

Interviews (single or group)
Questionnaires
Observation

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13
Q

How should data be collected legally?

A

With explicit consent from those whom the data is being collected and following the GDPR

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14
Q

What does the GDPR mean?

A

General Data Protection Regulation

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15
Q

What are the 5 key principles of the GDPR?

A

1) Contracts must be fair and transparent
2) Cannot ask for more information than needed
3) Misleading/Incorrect/Missing data must be corrected
4) Confidentiality of data must be guaranteed
5) Data must be deleted after it’s intended duration of time

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16
Q

What is data stored as in the lowest level of computing?

A

Binary

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17
Q

What is the lowest level of binary called?

A

A bit

18
Q

4 bits make a?

A

Nibble

19
Q

8 bits make a?

A

Byte

20
Q

What does ASCII stand for?

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

21
Q

What is ASCII?

A

ASCII is a well-known simple and early character set only using a 7-bit set meaning 128 different characters can be stored, which caused it to be replaced by Unicode which offered 137,000 different characters.

22
Q

What is sound stored?

A

Sound starts off in an analogue form which is the sound waves,
Then using a analogue-to-digital converter, the sound is converted into a digital form through sampling.

23
Q

What is sound sampling?

A

also known as signal processing, it is the process of measuring sound waves at regular intervals to convert each sample to its binary equivalent

24
Q

What is the sample rate of sound?

A

The number of samples recorded over a period of time

25
Q

What is the sample frequency of sound?

A

The frequency in which a sample is taken

26
Q

What is the sample resolution?

A

The number of bits needed to represent each sample collected

27
Q

How do you calculate the storage space required to store a sound file?

A

File Size = Sample Rate * Sample Resolution * Length of sound

28
Q

What are the 2 ways images can be stored as?

A

Vector graphics
Bitmap Images

29
Q

What is a bitmap image?

A

An image that contains a number of pixels which all store a binary value, used to represent a colour. They cannot be scaled and require less storage.

30
Q

What is a vector graphics?

A

Vector graphics are made up of mathematical equations that join up lines and curves to make images, they can be scaled however require more storage.

31
Q

What are the advanced storage solutions?

A

RAID
NAS
High availability Storage
SAN
Clouded Storage
Hosted Storage

32
Q

What does RAID stand for?

A

Redundant array of inexpensive disk

33
Q

What is RAID?

A

A method of increase and improve the responsiveness and resilience of SSDs and HDD

34
Q

What does RAID 0 offer?

A

Improves performance and additional storage but doesn’t provide fault tolerance

35
Q

What does RAID 1 offer?

A

Each disk has the same information uploaded providing a backup therefore requiring at least 2 disks, its upload speed is decreased.

36
Q

What does RAID 3-6 offer?

A

Requires 3 disks or more, provides fault tolerance and parity checks and error correction, you lose storage space to increase redundancy

37
Q

What does NAS stand for?

A

Network Attached Storage

38
Q

What is NAS?

A

A file-level storage system connected to a computer network, allowing multiple users and devices to access and share files. It’s also easy to manage

39
Q

What is high availability storage?

A

A storage system that operates continuously providing 99.999% uptime, this storage system ensures that data is stored in multiple locations.

40
Q

What does SAN stand for?

A

Storage area networks usage

41
Q

What is SAN?

A

A dedicated, independent high-speed network that interconnects and delivers shared storage. It’s a local network made up of multiple devices which is fast but expensive

42
Q
A

Digital Technology (3 decks)

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