Darwin's Theory of Evolution Flashcards
Lamarck believed:
if you didn’t use something, the next generation will not have it, but if you used something a lot, it could become more advanced.
Darwin believed:
in natural selection through the process of organisms with a specific trait to help them survive in an environment, living and passing it down from generation to generation, whereas the ones that lack that trait dying out.
define:
natural selection:
explanation of how genetic traits of a species may change over time
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Theory had to do with generational evolution.
Both
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Believed organisms change over time
Both
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
organisms changed because they tried to survive
Darwin
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Believed there was variation in a population
Both
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
believed certain traits help organisms servive and reproduce better than the organisms without those traits
Darwin
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Believed Organisms can never become extict
Lamarck
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Believed the environment had something to do with why organisms changed
Both
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Believed parents are able to pass some of their traits to their offspring
Both
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Believed parents are only able to pass on traits they were borne with
Darwin
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Believed an organism could decide to change something about their body and pass on that change to their offspring
Lamarck
Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:
Believed organisms are still changing
Both
Darwin’s Postulates
- Individuals in a population differ/vary in traits
- Most of the variation is inherited (passed from parent to offspring)
- A population of many species has the potential to produce far more offspring than will survive
define:
the struggle for existence
More individuals are produced than can survive, so members of a population must compete to obtain food, living space, and other limited necessities of life
Biological fitness
how reproductively successful an individual is relative to others in the population
(more fit = more reproduction = more fit babies)
some natural variations are better suited to life in their environment than others
yup
adaption
any heritable characteristic that increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in its environment
what are the:
result of genetic mutations
variation in traits
a mutation
a rabdom change to an organism’s DNA sequence
the environment
contributes to determining whether a mutation is benefitial, harmful, or neutral
mutations that increase the fitness if an organism increases…
in frequency in the population
selective pressures
depends on the environment in which ann organism lives
natural selection
the result of changes in the inherited traits of a population that increases a species’ fitness in its environment
(what darwin’s theory is based on)
it is simply a processs that enables organisms to survive and reproduce in a local emvironment
postulate 1
individuals in a population vary or differ in traits
postulate 2
most of this variation is inherited (passed down from parent to offspring)
postulate 3
a population of any species has the potential to produce far more offspring than will survive to produce offspring on their own
postulate 4
certain inherited variations give some individuals a better chance to survive in their environment. Those that survive will produce more offspring. This is called natural selection.
evolution
the change in the average characteristics of a population over time
