Darwin's Theory of Evolution

Question 1

Lamarck believed:

Answer 1

if you didn’t use something, the next generation will not have it, but if you used something a lot, it could become more advanced.

Question 2

Darwin believed:

Answer 2

in natural selection through the process of organisms with a specific trait to help them survive in an environment, living and passing it down from generation to generation, whereas the ones that lack that trait dying out.

Question 3

define:

natural selection:

Answer 3

explanation of how genetic traits of a species may change over time

Question 4

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Theory had to do with generational evolution.

Answer 4

Both

Question 5

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Believed organisms change over time

Answer 5

Both

Question 6

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

organisms changed because they tried to survive

Answer 6

Darwin

Question 7

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Believed there was variation in a population

Answer 7

Both

Question 8

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

believed certain traits help organisms servive and reproduce better than the organisms without those traits

Answer 8

Darwin

Question 9

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Believed Organisms can never become extict

Answer 9

Lamarck

Question 10

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Believed the environment had something to do with why organisms changed

Answer 10

Both

Question 11

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Believed parents are able to pass some of their traits to their offspring

Answer 11

Both

Question 12

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Believed parents are only able to pass on traits they were borne with

Answer 12

Darwin

Question 13

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Believed an organism could decide to change something about their body and pass on that change to their offspring

Answer 13

Lamarck

Question 14

Darwin, Lamarck, or Both:

Believed organisms are still changing

Answer 14

Both

Question 15

Darwin’s Postulates

Answer 15

1. Individuals in a population differ/vary in traits
2. Most of the variation is inherited (passed from parent to offspring)
3. A population of many species has the potential to produce far more offspring than will survive

Question 16

define:

the struggle for existence

Answer 16

More individuals are produced than can survive, so members of a population must compete to obtain food, living space, and other limited necessities of life

Question 17

Biological fitness

Answer 17

how reproductively successful an individual is relative to others in the population

(more fit = more reproduction = more fit babies)

Question 18

some natural variations are better suited to life in their environment than others

Answer 18

yup

Question 19

adaption

Answer 19

any heritable characteristic that increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in its environment

Question 20

what are the:

result of genetic mutations

Answer 20

variation in traits

Question 21

a mutation

Answer 21

a rabdom change to an organism’s DNA sequence

Question 22

the environment

Answer 22

contributes to determining whether a mutation is benefitial, harmful, or neutral

Question 23

mutations that increase the fitness if an organism increases…

Answer 23

in frequency in the population

Question 24

selective pressures

Answer 24

depends on the environment in which ann organism lives

Question 25

natural selection

Answer 25

the result of changes in the inherited traits of a population that increases a species’ fitness in its environment

(what darwin’s theory is based on)

it is simply a processs that enables organisms to survive and reproduce in a local emvironment

Question 26

postulate 1

Answer 26

individuals in a population vary or differ in traits

Question 27

postulate 2

Answer 27

most of this variation is inherited (passed down from parent to offspring)

Question 28

postulate 3

Answer 28

a population of any species has the potential to produce far more offspring than will survive to produce offspring on their own

Question 29

postulate 4

Answer 29

certain inherited variations give some individuals a better chance to survive in their environment. Those that survive will produce more offspring. This is called natural selection.

Question 30

evolution

Answer 30

the change in the average characteristics of a population over time