Darrow - Blood Vessel and Lymphatic Disorders Flashcards
What is the treatment for aorto-iliac occlusion?
Axillo-femoral or aorto-femoral bypass
What can you infer if a pt has buttocks claudication?
There is severe occlusion of the arterial supply to the lower limb(s)
What does distance a pt is able to walk have to do with determining occlusion of arterial supply?
The further a pt is able to walk, the lower down the occlusion is
If a pt can only walk short distances, the occlusion is higher up
Under what condition can a pt have a normal ankle-brachial index but still have poor circulation?
If arteries are calcified, then they will not compress easily, resulting in a near-normal ankle-brachial index with diminished blood supply
This can be seen more commonly in diabetic pts
What is Osler’s sign?
Pseudohypertension due to calcification of arteries
What spinal structural abnormality can mimick peripheral arterial disease?
Neurogenic claudication from spinal stenosis
How do you diagnose arterial occlusions?
MRA
What is a potential complication of creating a venous bypass in the lower extremities?
The distal vessels cannot handle the new higher pressure and they rupture
In atrial fibrillation, where do 50% of cardiac emboli go?
The legs
What medication should be administered before revascularization of an embolized extremity?
NaHCO3
What are the 6 P’s of acute arterial occlusion?
Pain
Pallor
Paralysis
Paresthesias
Pulselessness
Poikilothermia (irregular temp)
What are the D’s of vertebro-basilar TIA?
Dizziness
Diplopia
Dysphagia
Dysarthria
Dysmetria
Ataxia
What is amaurosis fugax? What is it indicative of?
Sudden loss of vision in one eye
Indicative of a carotid territory TIA
What is a red clot?
Clot in the venous systems
Red because red cells get caught in fibrin meshwork
What is a white clot?
Clot in the arterial system
White because platelets are caught in fibrin meshwork, but not RBCs
What cardiac complications occur in pts with Marfan syndrome?
Valvular issues
Dilation of vessels
Dilation of chambers
What layer of the artery do aortic dissections dissect into?
The tunica media
What kind of pain is associated with dissecting aortic aneurysm?
Tearing chest pain that radiates to the back
What type of MI is associated with a dissecting aortic aneurysm?
Inferior wall MI because dissection can enter RCA
What type of murmur will a dissecting aortic aneruysm create?
A diastolic murmur because it will affect the aortic valve
What symptoms does Darrow associate with dissecting aortic aneurysm?
Hypertension
Paraplegia
What is Virchow’s Triad?
Hypercoagulability
Stasis
Trauma
Where do venous ulcers tend to occur?
Over the medial malleolus
What are the characteristics of venous ulcers?
History of trauma
Irregular margins
Beefy appearing tissue
Edema
Induration/sclerosis
Hyperpigmentation from hemosiderin deposition
Exudative
