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DANNCE Vocab Cards Flashcards

1
Q

Addisons Disease

A

A disease due to hyposecretion of glucocorticoids, charactorized by low blood pressure, anemia, diarrhea, digestive disturbance and bronze-like pigmentation of the skin.

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2
Q

Adjunctive Agents

A

Agents the supplement the primary anesthetic agent to augment or enhance the effects of the primary agent.

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3
Q

Allergenicity

A

Having the property of an allergen, a substance that will elicit an allergic response in sensitive individuals.

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4
Q

Alveolus

A

A small air sac within the body of the lung.

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5
Q

Amide

A

A chemical structure derived from ammonia; there is a group of amide local anesthetics that are widely used in dentistry (ex: lidocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine.

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6
Q

Amnesia

A

Failure to remember events related to surgery

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7
Q

Analgesia

A

Insensitivity to pain.

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8
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

A severe allergic reaction

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9
Q

Anemia

A

Reduction in the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream

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10
Q

Angina Pectoris

A

Pain in the chest, with feeling of suffocation, usually due to a deficiency of blood supply to the myocardium.

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11
Q

Antecubital

A

Situated in front of the elbow.

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12
Q

Antecubical Fossa

A

The depression between the forarm and the upper arm that is literally “in front of the elbow”

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13
Q

Anticholinergic

A

A drug that counteracts the action of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system and thereby blocks the action of the parasympathetic nerves.

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14
Q

Antiemetic

A

A drug that counteracts nausea and vomiting.

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15
Q

Antisisalogogue

A

A drug that counteracts the production of saliva.

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16
Q

Anxiolytics

A

Drugs that reduce anxiety, agitation, or tension {ex: diazepam(Valium), midazolam (versed) }.

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17
Q

Aorta

A

The main trunk (a very large artery) from which the arterial system proceeds.

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18
Q

Apnea

A

Absence or cessation of breathing

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19
Q

Arrest Rhythms

A

Cardiac rhythms in which there is cardiac arrest.

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20
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Any variation from the normal rhythm of the heartbeat.

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21
Q

Arteriole

A

Any of the very small arteria branches located at the end of an artery (furthest from the heart)

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22
Q

Artery

A

A vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the other parts of the body.

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23
Q

Ascites

A

Accumulation of serous fluid in the abdominal cavity.

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24
Q

Asystole

A

Cardiac arrest in which there is no rhythm display and no contraction.

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25
Ataractics
Pharmacologic agents that produce a tranquilizing effect.
26
Atherosclerosis
A disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of the plaques of fatty material on their inner walls.
27
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial arrhythmia characterized by rapid randomized contractions of the atrial myocardium, causing a totally irregular and often rapid ventricular rate.
28
Atrial Flutter
A condition of cardiac arrhythmia in which the atrial contractions are rapid (200 to 320 per minute) but regular
29
Atrial (supraventricular) Rhythms
Dysrhythmias in which the pacemaker is in the atria above the level of the ventricles (supraventricular) area.
30
Atrial Tachycardia
Rapid heartbeat originating from the atria.
31
Atrioventricular Block
A cardiac conduction defect in which the impulse generated b the SA node is partially or completely blocked in the area of the AV node.
32
Atrioventricular Node
A microscopic collection of the heart muscle fibers involved i the electrical activity of the heart.
33
Atrium
An upper chamber of the heart
34
Automaticity
The condition of being automatic.
35
Autonomic Nervous System
A portion of the nervous system concerned with the regulation of the activity of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle glands.
36
AV Block
See atrioventricular Block.
37
Balanced Anesthesia
Anesthesia that relies on the use of several agents together
38
Barbiturates
A group of pharmacologic agents that have sedative properties and produce amnesia and a hypnotic effect (ex: thiopental sodium, methohexital (Brevital).
39
Baroreceptor
A sensory nerve ending that is stimulated by changes in pressure, as those in the walls of blood vessels.
40
Blood Dyscrasia
Any abnormal condition of the blood.
41
Bolus
A rapidly administered dose of medication, as compared to a slow, steady administration of medication with a continuous infusion.
42
Brachial Artery
Artery that supplies blood to the shoulder, arm, forearm and hand.
43
Brachiocephalic Artery
The large artery on the right of the neck that distributes blood to the right side of the head and neck and right arm.
44
Bradiacardia
Slow heart rate (less than 60 beats per minute)
45
Bronchiole
One of the finer (1 mm or less) subdivisions of the branched bronchial tree.
46
Bronchus
Any of the larger air passages of the lungs.
47
Bundle of His
A small band of atypical cardiac muscle fibers that propagates the atrial contraction rhythm to the ventricles.
48
Capillary
Any of the minute vessels that connect the arterioles and venules, forming a network in nearly all parts of the body.
49
Capnography
Measurement and recording of the amount of carbon dioxide in expired air.
50
Cardiac dysrhythmias (arrhythmias)
Rhythm disturbances of the heart.
51
Cardiac Cycle
The complete cardiac movement (the systolic and diastolic movement with the interval between them) or heartbeat; the number of the cardiac cycles per minute constitutes the heart rate.
52
Cardiac Output
The total amount of blood pumped by either ventricle of the heart per unit of time.
53
Cardioacceleratory Center (CAC)
A group of neurons (conducting cells of the nervous system) in the brain stem involved in the acceleration of the heart action.
54
Cardioinhibitory Center (CIC)
A group of neurons in the brain stem that has an inhibitory influence on the heart action via vagus (tenth cranial nerve)
55
Catatonic
A psychiatric state in which the patient appears apathetic and stuporous with diminution of sensibility.
56
Center of Emotion
A group of structures in the central portion of the brain.
57
Central Nervous System
The portion of the Nervous System consisting of the brain and spinal column.
58
Cerebellum
The part of the brain that is concerned with the coordination of movement.
59
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Also called stroke a neurologic defect lasting more than 24 hrs caused by a reduced blood flow in the brain.
60
Cerebrum
The main portion of the brain that is concerned with thinking.
61
Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Any disorder (ex: asthma, chronic bronchitis, and pulmonary emphysema) marked by persistent obstruction f bronchial airflow.
62
Cirrhosis
Liver disease characterized by loss of normal microscopic lobular structure of the liver and the formation of fibrous tissue.
63
CMTC
The Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone. A center i the brain stem that responds to the presence of potentially toxic substances in the blood and signals the vomiting center to induce vomiting.
64
Coarse V. Fib
Ventricular fibrillation in which there are relatively prominent deflections of the baseline

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