D5 Fortified

Question 1

What maturation methods are used for fortified wines? Name examples.

Answer 1

• unaged : VDN, Muscat baumes de venise
• aged in bottle: Vintage Port
• Oxidative ageing: Tawny Port, Madeira, Oloroso
• biological ageing: Fino, Manzanila

Question 2

What is the climate in Jerez?

Answer 2

Hot Mediterranean climate with hot dry summers and mild, relatively rainy winters

Question 3

what are the two winds called that influences the Jerez area?

Answer 3

Poniente, cool and damp wind from the Atlantic, levante, hot and drying wind from Africa

Question 4

PRO & CONS of Albariz a soil

Answer 4

PRO: Very effective at retaining and gradually releasing water
CON: susceptible to chlorosis due to high lime content, can be prevented by choosing the right rootstock

Question 5

Most widely used rootstocks for Sherry are?

Answer 5

333EM, 41-B and 13-5 EVEX (all hybrids of vinifera and berlandieri

Question 6

What does flor need?

Answer 6

• temperature
• humidity
• oxygen
• alcohol
• nutrients

Question 7

Name the three municipalities of Zona de Crianza.

Answer 7

Jerez de la Frontera, El Puerto de Santa Maria and Sanlucar de Barrameda

Question 8

What’s the tasting difference between Fino and Manzanilla?

Answer 8

Fino: more olive brine, seaweed / Manzanilla: more charmomile, salinity

Question 9

What is rancio?

Answer 9

Tasting term to describe a collection of aromas and flavours. Typical descriptors include leather, wood varnish and strong coffee

Question 10

Name the three sub-regions of Duoro for port and their climate characteristics.

Answer 10

1. Baixo Corgo: Maritime climate, coolest and wettest (900mm p.a.). Inexpensive Ruby and Tawny.
2. Cima Corgo, warmer and drier (700mm), most well-know producers have quintas here.
3. Duoro Superior, hottest and driest (450mm), drought an issue. Sparsely planted but has flatter lands ideal for mechanisation

Question 11

Name the main grape varities for Port.

Answer 11

• Touriga Franca
• Tinta Roriz
• Tinta Barroca
• Tinta Cao
• Touriga Nacionale
• Tinta Amarela
• Sousao

White grapes:

• Malvasia Fina (Boal in Madeira)
• Moscatel Galego Branco ( Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains)

Question 12

What rootstocks are used for port?

Answer 12

R110, 1103P. Both draught resistant and low yielding

Question 13

Name extraction methods for port.

Answer 13

Foot treading in legares, robotic lagares, pumping over, stainless-steel pistons, autovinifiers

Question 14

Name extraction methods for port.

Answer 14

Foot treading in lagares, robotic lagares, pumping over, stainless-steel pistons, autovinifiers

Question 15

What is aguardente?

Answer 15

Fortifying spirit for port, at 77% lower than other spirits for fortifying( 95-96% abv), since 1991 , shippers can choose their aguardente