D4 Pros OSCE

Question 1

When fitting a maxillary occlusal guard, its occlusal surface should be adjusted to …?

Answer 1

accommodate the mandibular teeth.

Question 2

When adjusting occlusal guard, the adjustment should ensure that the mandibular incisors (should/should not) experience disclussion?

Answer 2

should not

Question 3

When adjusting complete dentures, the adjustment should ensure that the mandibular incisors (should/should not) experience disclussion?

Answer 3

should

Question 4

T/F: The occlusal guard’s ramp should maintain a rapid protrusive guidance against the mandibular incisors.

Answer 4

false (gentle)

Question 5

It is crucial that the centric occlusion in an occlusal guard aligns with what?

Answer 5

MIP

Question 6

The occlusal guard’s ramp should preserve bilateral what guidance by interacting with the mandibular canines?

Answer 6

canine guidance

Question 7

1.

What is the critical error seen in provisional FPD 12-x-14?

a. Insufficient connector height
b. Limited oral hygiene for the patient Hygienic Portic
c. Insufficient occlusal gingival pontic height
d. Incorrect pontic for location in the mouth
e. There are no critical errors with the pontic

Answer 7

d. Incorrect pontic for location in the mouth * (Hygienic pontic should not be used on Mx)

Question 8

The modified ridge lap is an () pontic design and (can, cannot) be used anywhere in the mouth, It can be used with () and all (_) FPD restorations

Answer 8

esthetic, can, PFM, ceramic

Question 9

Describe this type of pontic that you see in this example?

a. Modified ridge lap
b. Ovate
c. Saddle
d. Hygienic

Answer 9

d. Hygienic

Question 10

Complete the following sentence. The pontic in this case of FPD 12-x-14…

a. Used for the majority of Fixed partial dentures
b. Modified ridge lap in design
c. An esthetic pontic design and may be used anywhere in the mouth d. Able to be used with PFM and all ceramic FPD restorations
e. All of the above

Answer 10

e. All of the above

Question 11

What is the purpose of a solid cast for a fixed partial denture?

a. To allow proper verification of fit to the model prior to intraoral try- in
b. To create more lab work
c. To verify shade and opacity or porcelain needed to veneer the fixed partial denture
d. To verify proper occlusal forces in MIP and on excursive movements
e. All of the above

Answer 11

a. To allow proper verification of fit to the model prior to intraoral try- in

Question 12

What type of FPD design has the practitioner requested from the dental laboratory? Assuming no modification will be made to the FPD framework pictured.

a. Metal collars with porcelain covering the occlusal surfaces
b. Disappearing or Preston margins with partial metal and porcelain occlusal surfaces
c. Porcelain butt margins with full metal occlusal surfaces
d. Metal collars with partial metal and porcelain occlusal surfaces
e. Disappearing or Preston margins with full porcelain occlusal surfaces

Answer 12

e. Disappearing or Preston margins with full porcelain occlusal surfaces

The different types of metal substructure margins include, metal collars with porcelain covering the occlusal surfaces, disappearing or Preston margins with partial metal and porcelain occlusal surfaces, porcelain butt margins with full metal occlusal surfaces, Metal collars with partial metal and porcelain occlusal surfaces or disappearing or Preston margins with full porcelain occlusal surfaces.

Question 13

When using 3D master shade guide, 2M1 compared to 1M1 has lower Value.

A. agree
b. disagree

Answer 13

a. agree

Question 14

Compare 1M1 to 1M2

a. 1M2 has higher chroma than 1M1
b. 1M2 has lower chroma than 1M1
c. 1M2 has higher value than 1M1
d. 1M2 has lower Value than 1M1

Answer 14

a. 1M2 has higher chroma than 1M1

Question 15

If the lab technician asked you if the case requires higher value…

a. Higher Value means “more white”
b. Higher Value means “less white”
c. Higher Value means “more red”
d. Higher Value means “less red”

Answer 15

a. Higher Value means “more white”

With regards to tooth whiteness, a whiter tooth compared to the adjacent tooth has a higher value rather than low value.

Question 16

Hue in the photo describes

a. relative whiteness of the tooth/shade
b. relative redness or yellowness of the tooth/shade
c. relative intensity of the value
d. None of the above

Answer 16

b. relative redness or yellowness of the tooth/shade

Question 17

Which hue has red/brown?

Answer 17

A

Question 18

Which hue has red/yellow?

Answer 18

B

Question 19

Which hue has gray?

Answer 19

C

Question 20

Which hue has red/gray?

Answer 20

D

Question 21

A patient is complaining that the restoration is too white. Describe the clinical condition related to the whiteness of the crown. Choose the best answer below:

a. The restoration on tooth #8 has high chroma compared to adjacent tooth #9
b. The restoration on tooth #8 has low value compared to adjacent tooth #9
c. The restoration on tooth #8 has high value compared to adjacent tooth #9
d. The restoration on tooth #8 has low chroma compared to adjacent tooth #9

Answer 21

c. The restoration on tooth #8 has high value compared to adjacent tooth #9

Question 22

Assuming the shade of the restoration #8 is 3M1 and you want to go “darker”, which below would you choose and why.

a. 2M1 because it has higher hue than 3M1
b. 2M1 because it has lower value than 3M1
c. 4M1 because it has higher chroma than 3M1 d. 4M1 because it has lower value than 3M1

Answer 22

d. 4M1 because it has lower value than 3M1

Question 23

In shade selection, the property most clinically significant which can affect the overall shade match is ____.

a. hue
b. value
c. chroma

Answer 23

b. value

Question 24

In shade selection which property is the most clinically significant? A slight change… Property affects the overall shade match.

a. value
b. chroma
c. hue

Answer 24

a. value

Question 25

T/F: For posterior tooth full coverage crown preparations, occlusal reduction should be equal to the lowest amount of reduction that provides the occlusal clearance necessary to satisfy the requirements of the restorative material.

Answer 25

true

Question 26

Functional cusp bevel is critical for structural _____ of restoration.

Answer 26

durability

Question 27

What is the step on shade selection on 3D master shade guide?

a. Value, Chroma, Hue
b. Hue, Value, Chroma
c. Value, Hue, Chroma
d. Chroma, Value, Hue

Answer 27

a. Value, Chroma, Hue

Question 28

What is the step on shade selection on Vita classical shade guide?

a. Value, Chroma, Hue
b. Hue, Value, Chroma
c. Value, Hue, Chroma
d. Chroma, Value, Hue

Answer 28

b. Hue, Value, Chroma

Question 29

Restoring tooth #4 is particularly challenging because of what clinical reason?

a. Too much taper
b. Not enough clinical tooth height
c. Not vital tooth
d. Tight inter-occlusal space

Answer 29

b. Not enough clinical tooth height

Question 30

What factors do you consider for restorability of this tooth?

a. Amount of tooth structure left on the broken tooth
b. Ability to get ferrule
c. Relative distance of tooth margin to the crestal bone
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

Answer 30

e. a, b, and c

Question 31

Select the most appropriate indication for a FPD fabricated with a zirconia crown with feldspathic porcelain?

a. Patient’s inability to avoid excessive occlusal forces
b. Above average masticator forces
c. Frequent breakage of restorations
d. Sufficient limited space for an FPD
e. None of the above

Answer 31

d. None of the above

Question 32

Because of the missing lateral and resultant diastema, the IDEAL treatment option is to extract teeth 6, 8, 9, and 11 and fabricate a removal partial denture.

a. Agree
b. Disagree

Answer 32

b. Disagree

Question 33

In case of a large edentulous space in the anterior maxilla due to loss of #8 and #9, what are the possible treatment options for replacement of missing teeth, including what?

Answer 33

implants, FPD, and removable partial dentures

Question 34

During treatment planning, one could consider working with a specialist such as an Orthodontist to obtain potential treatment options for this case.

a. Agree
b. Disagree

Answer 34

a. Agree

Question 35

If the patient rejects an orthodontic option, crowns for teeth 6, 8, 9, and 11 could be recommended to close the diastema.

a. Agree
b. Disagree

Answer 35

a. Agree

Question 36

The factors important for a short clinical crown include:

a. amount of tooth structure left on the broken tooth
b. ability to get ferrule
c. relative distance of tooth margin to the crestal bone
d. all of the above

Answer 36

d. all of the above

Question 37

This type of impression technique is acceptable for which of the following indication?

a. Sound teeth both mesial and distal to the prepared tooth
b. A Fixed Partial Denture
c. When the preparation is the most distal tooth of the arch
d. Both a and c.

Answer 37

a. Sound teeth both mesial and distal to the prepared tooth

Question 38

T/F: A triple tray or dual art impression technique with a metal dual-arch tray with VPS putty/wash viscosities produces less distortion in comparison with the same technique with the plastic dual-arch tray.

Answer 38

true

Question 39

On the cast, you have all ceramic restorations on teeth #3 and #8.
The posterior crown has a zirconia substructure while the anterior crown is a monolithic restoration.

What restoration was most likely milled as one piece to a full contour?

a. Crown #8
b. Crown #3

Answer 39

a. Crown #8

Question 40

On the cast, you have all ceramic restorations on teeth #3 and #8.
The posterior crown has a zirconia substructure while the anterior crown is a monolithic restoration.

Which restoration was most likely pressed or layered with porcelain over a substructure?

a. Anterior crown
b. Posterior crown

Answer 40

b. Posterior crown

Question 41

On the cast, you have all ceramic restorations on teeth #3 and #8.
The posterior crown has a zirconia substructure while the anterior crown is a monolithic restoration.

Which restoration is an example of monolithic restoration?

a. PFM
b. Lithium Disilicate (Emax) pressed
c. FG (gold)C
d. Lava

Answer 41

b. Lithium Disilicate (Emax) pressed

Question 42

Identify the type of crowns on a radiograph using their radio-opacity. Metal alloy and Zirconia crowns are radio-______ and lithium disilicates are radio-_______. PFM crown have opaque copings with partly lucent porcelain.

Answer 42

opaque, lucent

Question 43

This is an impression for site #19

The impression is an example of what type of technique?

a. Close-tray
b. Open-tray
c. Triple tray
d. Custom-tray

Answer 43

a. Close-tray

Question 45

What do you call the component imbedded in the impression material?

a. Implant analog
b. Abutment
c. Impression post
d. Healing cap

Answer 45

c. Impression post

Question 46

Which of the following is indicated with the blue arrow, where it is partially in the impression?

a. implant analog
b. impression post

Answer 46

b. impression post

((The final impression didn’t have the tissue impression material on, so I thought the impression post was the one that is PARTIALLY covered by the impression)

Question 48

Given this impression, what criteria or parameter will you choose below to assess if the impression is clinically acceptable to be used to fabricate the restoration?

a. The junction of the implant components are above the impression material
b. The implant analog is tall enough to make the base of the master cast
c. The impression material shows a clear, well-defined and continuous marginal implant component
d. The implant components fits the impression accurately and is very stable

Answer 48

d. The implant components fits the impression accurately and is very stable

Question 49

Radiograph image of a molar crown on #18 on the distal (The distal was basically flat, mesial was normal)
a. Undercontoured on the distal surface of #18 crown
b. Overcontoured on the distal surface of #18 crown
c. Crown appears normal

Answer 49

a. Undercontoured on the distal surface of #18 crown

Question 50

Radiograph of open margin/undercontour on the distal.
a. Crown has an overhang, and needs to redo
b. Crown has an overhang
c. Crown has an openmargin/undercontour, next thing to do is reimpression
d. Crown has an openmargin/undercontour
e. Crown has an openmargin/undercontour

Answer 50

c. Crown has an openmargin/undercontour, next thing to do is reimpression

Question 51

Evaluate the radiograph taken for FPD #29-x-30. What is the most pertinent finding?

a. Connector thickness is inadequate
b. Proximal contact with adjacent is open
c. Pontic impinges on the tissue
d. Open margin

Answer 51

d. Open margin

Question 52

Which of the following statement is INCORRECT in regard to the fabrication of a provisional crown with EZ post?

a. Provisional crown and EZ post should be one piece
b. It is important to provide a mechanical retentive form (nail head shape) at the end of the plastic endowel for the temporary crown material in order to achieve a secure connection between the provisional crown an-d EZ post
c. Temporary cement is applied along the entire length of a post for a strong retention.
d. Most common failure is a disconnection of provisional crown and EZ post
e. None of the above

Answer 52

c. Temporary cement is applied along the entire length of a post for a strong retention.

Question 54

In regards to the device in the picture, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

a. This is a manual torque wrench.
b. 20 Ncm torque wrench is recommended to use on a Zimmer implant abutment screw
c. Main reason for using torque wrench is to get a maximum preload without fracturing the abutment screw
d. Too much torque applied on the abutment screw might fracture the abutment screw
e. None of the above

Answer 54

b. 20 Ncm torque wrench is recommended to use on a Zimmer implant abutment screw

(It should be 30 Ncm)

Question 55

This is a picture of a manual torque: All is true, EXCEPT?

a. Can adjust 10 Ncm to 45 Ncm
b. … right
c. … right
d. … right
e. All of the above is true

Answer 55

e. All of the above is true

Question 56

Photo of FGC preparation - which fundamental is wrong:
a. Taper
b. Functional cusp bevel

Answer 56

b. Functional cusp bevel

Question 57

Natural tooth #3 is lost due to decay, bone height is 7-8mm. What is Incorrect for this situation?
a. Patient can make an informed decision to have a FPD rather than an implant. An elderly patient who has a personal concern with sinus bone grafting procedure and implant surgery typically tends to make those decisions.
b. Indirect sinus can be an option.
c. Sinus and implant placements are typically done at the same time in this (7-8mm bone height) situation
d. 3-4 month delayed implant placement when indirect sinus lift is performed is an option to the surgeon
e. None of the above

Answer 57

d. 3-4 month delayed implant placement when indirect sinus lift is performed is an option to the surgeon

Sinus lifting is a surgical procedure aimed at increasing bone height in the posterior maxilla to facilitate implant placement. The choice between direct and indirect sinus lifting depends on several factors, including the amount of residual bone height, the desired implant length, and the patient’s specific anatomical and clinical conditions.

Question 58

Indications for direct sinus lift

Answer 58

Residual Bone Height ≤ 4 mm: Insufficient bone for primary implant stability. Requires significant vertical bone augmentation.

Severe Pneumatization of the Maxillary Sinus: When the sinus floor is extensively low and impinges on the intended implant site.

Large Volume Augmentation Needed:When more than 4-6 mm of bone height is required.

Sinus Pathology Addressed Simultaneously: Cases with sinus membrane perforation, thickened membrane, or minor sinus polyps needing correction.

Multiple Implants in the Posterior Maxilla: When multiple implant sites require substantial bone support.

Complex Anatomical Variations: Cases with a thin or irregular sinus membrane. Presence of septa or other structural challenges.

Question 59

Indications for Indirect Sinus Lift

Answer 59

Indications for Indirect Sinus Lift
Residual Bone Height ≥ 5 mm: Allows for controlled augmentation without opening a lateral window. Minimal Vertical

Augmentation Needed: When 3-4 mm of additional bone height is sufficient.

Stable Maxillary Sinus Anatomy: No septa, significant membrane thickening, or sinus pathology. Single or Small Number of

Implant Sites: Suitable for localized augmentation in fewer implant
placements.

Minimally Invasive Approach Desired: For patients with higher surgical risks or those preferring less invasive procedures.

Good Bone Quality and Primary Stability: Facilitates simultaneous implant placement with minimal sinus floor elevation.

Question 60

Final restoration on #18 and #19 implants resulted in a ridge lap style contour (shown in picture. below). What was the primary cause for that outcome?
a. Implants were placed too lingually
b. Implants were placed too distally
c. Implants were placed too deeply
d. Implants were placed too shallowly e. Restorative dentist’s mistake

Answer 60

a. Implants were placed too lingually

Question 62

Radiograph of a #19 implant crown that was too distally-placed. Questions: Whats wrong with the implant position?

Answer 62

a. Too distal

Question 64

What should be done at delivery?
a. Take out mesial eccentric
b. Take out of excursive movements
c. , etc. basics answers

Answer 64

remove implant

Question 66

Choose the most accurate statement concerning the following: “In these images the functional cusp bevel is a feature of occlusal reduction related to”:

a. Maxillary lingual cusps.
b. Mandibular lingual cusps.
c. Maxillary buccal cusps.
d. Mandibular buccal cusps.

Answer 66

d. Mandibular buccal cusps.

Question 67

What is the proper sequence of making soft tissue cast from closed tray implant impression?

1. VPS impression making
2. Blow air into the impression to make sure any debris or water left in implant site of impression is gone and then place impression post back into the impression.
3. Connect impression post to implant analogue
4. Place polyether soft tissue material around the impression post/implant analogue complex.
5. Pour improved (green) stone into the impression

a. 1,2,3,4,5
b. 1,3,2,4,5
c. 1,2,4,3,5
d. 1,4,3,2,5
e. 1,3,2,5,4

Answer 67

b. 1,3,2,4,5

Question 68

A Study (Craddoch et al. J Prosthodont 2007) looking at the supra-eruption of unopposed molars reealed which of the following EXCEPT:

a. Supra-eruption was found in 93% of subjects’ unopposed teeth
b. Supra-eruption was more prevalent in the maxillary arch.
c. The mean supra-eruption for subjects was 1.68 mm (SD 0.79 range 0 to 3.99 mm)
d. Attachment loss was the main predictor of supra eruption

Answer 68

d. Attachment loss was the main predictor of supra eruption

Question 69

Assuming roots are long and bone supports are good. To make a successful restoration on these endodontically treated teeth #28, 29, 30, all of following should be considered EXCEPT:

a. Surgical crown lengthening
b. Making sure that the post is as long as possible while 4-5 mm apical seal is maintained
c. Creating a maximum Ferrule effect without violating biologic width.
d. Preparing crown margin down to the bone level
e. None of the above

Answer 69

d. Preparing crown margin down to the bone level

Question 70

Surgical crown lengthening (SCL) serves two main purposes: to ensure the crown is not placed too far below the gum line, which would compromise the biologic width, and to provide adequate support for the crown.

T/F: This procedure may involve the removal of both soft tissues and bone.

Answer 70

true

Question 71

The decision of restoring #6, 7, 8, 9, 10 with a cast dowel and core was made. All of the following is an appropriate technique EXCEPT:

a. Impression of multiple canals from multiple teeth is made.
b. Crown margins are prepared before the canal preparation to preserve maximum Ferrule structure by being conservative during canal preparation
c. Direct patterns of multiple teeth should be fabricated in patient’s mouth
d. The technique that consumes less clinic time should be used
e. None of the above

Answer 71

c. Direct patterns of multiple teeth should be fabricated in patient’s mouth

When restoring several adjacent front teeth using multiple cast dowel cores, it is advisable to prepare the crown margins prior to the canal preparations. This approach helps preserve the maximum Ferrule structure by exercising caution during the canal preparation process. It is possible to create impressions of multiple canals for different teeth. The choice between direct and indirect techniques should be based on which method requires less time in the dental clinic.

Question 72

Indications for ______ post and core include: significant crown structure loss but sufficient root canal filling. Minimal to moderate esthetic requirements. Straight root canal without curvature.

Answer 72

direct

Question 73

Post Space Preparation: Leave at least ____mm of apical gutta-percha for sealing. Use a post drill compatible with the selected post system.

Answer 73

4-5mm

Question 74

What type of post is desired due to esthetics and stress distribution?

Answer 74

fiber post

Question 75

What material is commonly used for direct core build-up?

Answer 75

composite resin

Question 76

Maintain ____mm ferrule height for retention and resistance.

Answer 76

1.5-2mm

Question 77

What is the most important factor in tooth survival between teeth with fiber posts and without fiber posts?

a. 4 coronal walls
b. 3 coronal walls
c. 2 coronal walls
d. 1 coronal wall
e. ferrule effect
f. no ferrule

Answer 77

e. ferrule effect

Question 78

Avoid excessive root dentin removal to prevent _______.

Answer 78

fracture

Question 79

Indication for ______ post and core include extensive crown and root destruction. Esthetic and functional demands (e.g., anterior teeth in visible zones). Curved or irregular root canals.

Answer 79

indirect post and core

Question 80

Post space preparation for indirect post and core are similar for direct post but adapt space for ______.

Answer 80

impression taking

Question 81

For a long term success for indirect post and core, use a ______ fitting, _____-surfaced, _____ cast D & C with adequate root dentin thickness and 4-5 mm of GP apical seal.

Answer 81

passively, rough, long

Question 82

To ensure the strongest connection of all parts when cementing an indirect (D&C) metal post, use a _____ cement (Rely x Unicem) for cast D & C into the canal space and use _____ type cements for a crown on top of cast D & C.

Answer 82

self-adhesive resin, resin

Question 83

For posts, the post length should be _____.

Post Width should be ______.

Dentin Thickness should be ______.

Answer 83

Question 84

Which of the following statements in INCORRECT in regards to the post on #29?

a. It is a metal prefabricated post X
b. Canal preparation is adequate in width
c. Looking at the bone loss at the distal of #29, 2-3mm longer canal preparation might have been better
d. There is a concern for the Gutta Percha apical seal.
e. None of the above

Answer 84

b. Canal preparation is adequate in width

Question 85

Diagram of Evidence-Based Dentistry defined by ADA

It is an approach to oral health care that requires the judicious integration of systematic assessments of clinically relevant scientific evidence, relating to the patient’s oral and medical condition and history with dentist’s clinical expertise and the patient’s treatment needs and preferences.

a. True
b. False.

Answer 85

a. True

Question 87

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

a. Treatment recommendations should be determined for each patient by his or her dentist.
b. Patient preferences should be considered in all decision
c. EBD does not provide a “cookbook” that dentists must follow nor does it establish a standard.
d. Dentist experience and other circumstances, such as patients’ characteristics, should also be
considered in treatment planning
e. None of the above

Answer 87

e. None of the above

Question 88

According to Perdigao’s Cementation Guide table, Lithium Disilicate ceramic crown is cemented to the tooth with conventional dual-cured cement (Rely x Ultimate), its chance for fracture decreases, compared to cementation with self-cured dual resin cement (Rely x Unicem 2):

a. True
b. False

Answer 88

a. True

Question 89

For porcelain fused to metal and gold crowns, the most frequently utilized cement is …

Answer 89

RMGIC

Question 90

Which of the following is the incorrect statement regarding conventional dual-cured resin cement (Rely x Ultimate) and light-cured resin cement (Rely x Veneer)?

a. The porcelain veneer is thicker than 0.75mm, using light-cured resin cement can be dangerous due to incomplete curing of the resin cement.
b. The advantage of using light-cured resin cement over the dual-cured resin cement is that its long-term cement color stability is superior to dual-cured resin cement.
c. Light-cured resin cement is contraindicated for PFM crown or Zirconia crown.
d. Light-cured resin cement comes with try-in pastes and matching cements to that the most adequate shade of the cement can be selected for a final veneer cementation
e. None of the above

Answer 90

e. None of the above

Question 91

RMGIC is most commonly used cement for FGC and PFM.

a. true
b. false

Answer 91

a. true

Question 92

Which of the following statement is incorrect?

a. Primers condition the intaglio surface of restorations so that stronger bond is achieved.
b. Microsandblasting with Aluminum oxide less than 50 micro in 30 psi (2-bar) will increase the retention of Zirconia crown when used with Rely x Unicem 2.
c. Phosphoric acid side of phosphoric acid methacrylate interacts (improves bonding) Zirconia crown
d. Methacrylate side of phosphoric acid methacrylate interactions with resin cements.
e. If you need a maximum retention, 35% phosphoric acid gel (blue) can be applied for 15 seconds inside of sandblasted zirconia crown before Monobond plus is applied

Answer 92

e. If you need a maximum retention, 35% phosphoric acid gel (blue) can be applied for 15 seconds inside of sandblasted zirconia crown before Monobond plus is applied

Question 93

Which of the following is true about zirconia, except:

Made up of Yttrium
b. Can increase mechanical retention by oxide
c. Can increase bond by placing HF
d. Can increase bond by adding primer

Answer 93

c. Can increase bond by placing HF

Question 94

According to 2018 cementation guideline by Dr. Hodd and Seong, the choice of cementation for fiber post is dual-cure self-adhesive resin cement

a. True
b. False

Answer 94

a. True

Question 95

What is the incorrect statement regarding cementation of posts?

a. No treatment is necessary on fiber post before the cementation. Just alcohol wipe and dry should be suffice
b. If a Cast D & C needs more retention, a microsandblasting with aluminum oxide less than 50 micron can be done. Steam it off and all dry it for a cementation.
c. A choice of cement for cast D & C is dual cure self-adhesive resin cement
d. None of the above

Answer 95

d. None of the above

Question 96

Picture of missing #8 and #9 with wide space missing, plan for implant:

Which of the following is the most important step in order to evaluate esthetics and space needed?

a. Diagnostic cast
b. Panoramic x-ray
c. Diagnostic wax up

Answer 96

c. Diagnostic wax up

Question 97

Patient wishes to have implants placed in the posterior maxillary area, which has a lot of bone resorption. Would you place single implant crowns or splint them?

Answer 97

As maxillary bone resorption advances, the bone available for implant placement is often palatal to the original position of natural tooth. Crossbite relationship of implant restoration is common finding in this situation. Oral hygiene is often difficult for the patient. Separate single restorations are recommended over splinted restorations for less future mechanical complications

Question 98

Interocclusal space provided is 10-12mm. Enough for cement retained abutment?

Answer 98

Yes, (COC needs at least 5mm of interocclusal space)

Question 99

Which of the following is true about the bridge?
a. PFM
b. Gold

Answer 99

b. gold

Question 100

Picture of a FGC FPD rx, asked which material? Asked if it can be used for survey crown?

Question 101

2 implants with 4mm diameter #29 and #30:

A to B: 3.5mm (between implant #29 and mesial to #28 natural tooth)

B to C: 7mm (between implants #29 and #30)

If diameter of implant is 4mm, what should be the distance from center of 1 implant to center
of 1 implant if you’re restore #13 and #14?

Answer 101

7mm

Question 102

Between implants & natural tooth: ___mm

Answer 102

1.5

Question 103

Between 2 implants: __mm

Answer 103

3

Question 104

Rule for Pilot Drill Placement- When planning the pilot drill hole

Answer 104

Question 105

Key considerations for accuracy when using a pilot drill for implant placement

Answer 105

Question 106

Radiograph of an impression post with a radiopaque material on the mesial and distal (looks like a zirconia abutment) radiopaque – looks like open-tray technique impression post, answer choice is:

a. calculus
b. residual cement
c. resin
d. none of the above

Answer 106

c. resin

The arrowed part is resin which can be used for capturing the soft tissue emergence around the implant.

Question 107

The centric contact on an implant crown should be adjusted to be approximately _____μm lighter than that of adjacent natural teeth. This can be verified by ensuring shimstock paper _______ on the implant restoration while being firmly held by the adjacent teeth during a bite.

T/F: If the patient exhibits no clinical symptoms at the delivery appointment, a recall check is not necessary.

To minimize biomechanical complications or failures, a _____ occlusal scheme may be implemented.

Answer 107

10-30um, drags lightly

False: Even if the patient exhibits no clinical symptoms at the delivery appointment, a recall check should be scheduled.

group function

Question 108

Using a ______ to tighten the abutment screw significantly reduces the risk of screw loosening compared to hand-tightening.

Answer 108

torque wrench

Question 109

Radiograph of an impression post with a radiopaque material on the mesial and distal (looks like a zirconia abutment) radiopaque: What type of impression technique is used?

Answer 109

Abutment-level, open-tray

Question 110

Which one needs an opaque layer?

a. a only
b. b only
c. a and b
d. none

Answer 110

a. a only

Question 111

Which one has metal substructure?

a. a only
b. b only
c. a and b
d. none

Answer 111

a. a only

Question 112

Which one is more esthetic

a. a only
b. b only
c. a and b
d. none

Answer 112

b. b only (zirconia)

Question 113

Which part (Silane vs methacrylate) bonds to the crown?

Answer 113

silane

Question 114

Which part (Silane vs methacrylate) bonds to resin cement?

Answer 114

methacrylate

Question 115

T/F: The silane part of silane metacrylate bonds to the zirconia ceramic crowns.

Answer 115

false

Question 116

T/F: primer is used in pre-doc (Primer has both silane and methacrylate mixed)

Answer 116

true

Question 117

While recording impression for implant/abutment, tissue blanching did not go away for 10 minutes – what can be done about this? COC #7 abutment (UCLA) blanched tissue around the abutment.

a. Place 2 releasing incisions on the mesialBu and distalBu of the implant.
b. Place 1 incision at the direct facial
c. Do nothing, over time the tissue will stretch

Answer 117

a. Place 2 releasing incisions on the mesialBu and distalBu of the implant.

From Dr. V:
Delivering anatomical custom abutment can blanch the gingiva around the abutments (this is normal), however If it does not subside in more than 10 minutes, it is better to redesign the abutment with a narrower profile so the tissue does not stretch as much, rather than making releasing incisions.

Question 118

Placement of implants should be in the _____ of the ridge in the mesio-distal dimension to avoid complications.

Answer 118

middle

Question 119

Off-center implant placement can cause:

a. screw loosening or fracture
b. affect emergency profile
c. black triangles
d. difficulty achieving interproximal contacts
e. increase risk of cement retention
f. hygiene complications and peri-implantitis
g. all of the above

Answer 119

all of the above

Question 120

Implant Placement Depth - If the implant platform is placed too far below the bone crest, the abutment may encounter interference with the _____ during seating.

Answer 120

surrounding bone

Question 121

Management strategies for deep implant placements

Answer 121

Question 122

Inability to seat implant abutments due to deep implant placements

Answer 122

Question 123

What are some reasons for bone loss around anterior implant restorations?

Answer 123

Peri- implantitis, shared incisal guidance, aggressive tooth brushing, and a buccal bone plate thinner than 1mm remaining after implant surgery.

Question 124

The primary method for evaluating peri-implant bone loss is through _____ assessment.

Answer 124

radiographic

Question 125

Acceptable bone loss is considered to be up to ____mm during the first year post-loading, followed by less than ___mm annually thereafter.

Answer 125

1.5, 0.2

Question 126

Implants are typically deemed successful if they exhibit less than ___mm of bone loss three years after loading.

Answer 126

2.0

Question 127

Dental implants can be affected by a destructive inflammatory condition known as peri-implantitis, which impacts both the soft and hard tissues surrounding the implant. This condition may be triggered by ….

Answer 127

periodontal pathogens or residual cement from the crown cementation procedure

Question 128

When excess cement remains at the interface between the implant and mucosa, it can result in a condition that causes symptoms such as bleeding during probing, resorption of alveolar bone, and in some instances, the formation of pus.

Answer 128

peri-implantitis

Question 129

To ensure complete cement removal, it is advised to _____ and utilize a cement with higher radiopacity.

Answer 129

take a post-cementation X-ray

Question 130

Zirconia, also known as zirconium oxide, possesses a Yttrium _____ zirconia polycrystal structure.

Answer 130

tetragonal

Question 131

In prosthodontic clinics, Zirconia crowns are often recommended over Lithium Disilicate crowns for posterior teeth due to their superior ______.

Answer 131

strength

Question 132

2 abutments provided: Identify the difference: (Picture was a bit difficult to see)

a. Emergence profile of A is more than B
b. Cuff height of A is less than B
c. Platform diameter of A is less than B
d. All of the above

Question 134

Definition of periimplantitis

Answer 134

Know that it may be caused by bacteria, heavy pre-load, etc.

Question 135

What is the most likely reason for #9?

a. <1mm buccal plate after surgery
b. Bruxism
c. Peri-implantitis

Answer 135

a. <1mm buccal plate after surgery

Question 136

Rx of #8 and #9 temporary immediate restoration. #8 is seated and had screws in the implant. #9 didn’t seat, but didn’t look like it had any screws. It asked why?

a. If #9 screwed all the way down, will be like #8
b. #9 with heavy proximal contact

Answer 136

b. #9 with heavy proximal contact

Question 137

Failing implant shown with interproximal bone resorption. Pictures provided every year for the implant. Which is correct? (Compared 2005 image vs 2007 image. Implant was placed on 2004. The 2005 image shows that the bone is right at the first thread, then 2007, there was a vertical bone loss. Know basic periimplantitis and cause of it. Also know that the first year, bone loss to first thread is normal.)

a. Resorption till first thread in the implant in the first year is not normal (False)
b. A cause of failing implant could be overloading the implant.

Answer 137

b. A cause of failing implant could be overloading the implant.

Question 138

Know component of implants: conical seal, platform, cuff height, comparison of 2 abutment which has wider emergence profile, which has higher cuff height.

a. Cuff height determination is dependent mainly on the thickness of soft tissue surrounding the implant

Answer 138

Question 139

Definition of emergence profile

a. axial contour that extends from the base of the gingival sulcus ending at the free gingival margin
b. axial contour that extends from the base of the gingival sulcus past the free gingival margin and continuous to the height of contour

Answer 139

b. axial contour that extends from the base of the gingival sulcus past the free gingival margin and continuous to the height of contour

Question 140

Observe the green-shaded area at the left, disto-lingual posterior border of the mandibular denture. Please choose the correct statement(s)

A. The distal extension of the shaded area would be captured during border molding by asking the patient to keep the tongue in a retruded position.
B. The anatomical location that this shaded denture border would occupy in the mouth is described as the “Masseteric Notch”
C. A symptom of over-extension of this border would be the patient reporting “When I have my denture in, it hurts when I swallow”

Answer 140

C. A symptom of over-extension of this border would be the patient reporting “When I have my denture in, it hurts when I swallow”

Question 141

Observe the black-shaded area at the lingual border of the mandibular denture. Please choose the correct statement(s)
a. It is the Alveolingual sulcus
b. …
c. The patient is asked to protrude their tongue and touch the custom tray handle to border mold
d. All of the above

Answer 141

d. All of the above

Question 142

Observe the maxillary complete denture. The pattern of occlusal contacts (marked in blue) are ind-icative of: -
A. Ideal centric contacts for a bilateral balanced, fully anatomical posterior denture occlusal scheme.
B. Ideal centric contacts for a lingualized occlusal scheme with anatomical maxillary posterior opposing
mandibular zero degree posteriors.
C. Both A and B are correct
D. None of the above

Answer 142

B. Ideal centric contacts for a lingualized occlusal scheme with anatomical maxillary posterior opposing

Question 143

Observe the maxillary SBOR. Assume the SBOR was sent to you from a commercial laboratory. Choose the correct statement(s):

A. The height of the posterior occlusion rim (indicated with the blue arrow) should be a standard measurement intended to provide you with a starting point
B. The height of the anterior occlusion rim will be adjusted with the patient to provide the desired amount of “show”
C. The facial lingual width of the anterior rim appears properly contoured D. A and B are correct
E. All of the above

Answer 143

C. The facial lingual width of the anterior rim appears properly contoured D. A and B are correct

Question 144

Observe the maxillary SBOR. For the SBOR, choose the correct statement(s) from the following:
A. The straight, vertical, indent inscribed in the occlusion rim and encircled by two blue lines is characteristic of the technique to transfer the location of a patient’s esthetic facial midline to the denture tooth arrangement.

B. The straight indentations inscribed on each buccal side of the occlusal rim and encircled by one black line are characteristic of the technique of determining the width of the six anteriors on a curve.
C. The location of the lines in item B are determined using the position of the patient’s mental foramen on each side of the mandible D. A and B
E. A, B, and C

Answer 144

D. A and B

Question 145

Concerning an occlusal splint,-please choose the correct statement(s):
A. When mounting casts for the fabrication of an occlusal splint, the mandibular cast should always be centric relation position (CR).
B. When a patient is wearing an occlusal splint, a concurrent disadvantage is an opening of the VDO.
C. When fabricating an occlusal splint, there must be accommodation for the arc of closure which will result in the inciso-gingival thickness of the splint being greater in the anterior than in the posterior.
D. All of the above

Answer 145

D. All of the above

Question 146

Another question of this picture, which of the following is true, EXCEPT:

a. anteriors should not be touching, setting up like complete dentures
b.
c. CO is consistent with MIP
d. All of the above is correct

Answer 146

d. All of the above is correct

Question 147

Picture of lower ridge that had recent extraction of the anterior:

a. Recommends healing before starting CD
b. May need alveoloplasty to remove huge undercut
c. treatment plan: interim CD transitional to CD
d. all of the above is true

Answer 147

d. all of the above is true

Question 148

Regarding the pictured impression of an edentulous patient during treatment for a complete denture, please choose the correct statement(s):

A. The imprint displays no positive distortions that would render it unacceptable.
B. The imprint displays no negative voids, creases, or material interruptions that would render it unacceptable.
c. The imprint displays acceptable anatomical accuracy at the rugae area.
d. All of the above.

Answer 148

d. All of the above.

Question 149

Regarding “Mizzy” Pressure Indicating Paste (PIP) used during the insertion and adjustment of complete denture. Please choose the correct statement(s).

A. Mizzy Pressure Indicating Paste (PIP) is used to evaluate the location of functional tissue contacts.
B. “Mizzy” Spray is applied to the PIP before seating the denture.
C. PIP will aid the operator to perform appropriate adjustments that will direct occlusal pressures onto primary and secondary stress bearing areas and help prevent excessive pressures over relief and
peripheral tissues.
D. All of the above

Answer 149

D. All of the above

Question 150

Picture of PIP Paste on Mandibular complete denture intaglio surface with pressure indicative on (Picture shows pressures on primary stress areas, i.e. RMP, buccal shelf, and alveolar ridge):

a. RMP
B. Left and right buccal shelf
c. Alveolar ridge
d. All of the above

Answer 150

d. All of the above

Question 151

Observe the Dentsply Truebyte set of six “Portrait” anterior denture teeth. From the Dentsply information that is provided with a mold guide, which face form are these denture teeth:

A. Square
B. Square Tapering
C. Square Ovoid
D. Tapering
E. None of the above

Answer 151

A. Square

Question 152

A question on this, just know that the Width of the six-anteriors is based on the measurement from _______, not infraorbital foramen. It is also NOT based on the shape of the mold.

Answer 152

ala of the nose

a. Answer: “12E” is specific shape and size.

Question 153

Observe the two maxillary complete dentures. Each denture has a -different number of posterior teeth. Choose the correct statement(s):

A. Whenever a denture is fabricated with less denture teeth than the number of natural teeth, the patient must be informed of the fact – and why there are less denture teeth.
B. The definitive factor that determines the most posterior maxillary denture tooth is the requirement of having the last maxillary denture tooth slightly distal than the opposing mandibular tooth.
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

Answer 153

C. All of the above

Question 154

Observe the immediate Complete Denture master cast. Please choose the correct statement(s):

A. Periodontal probing depths and current radiographs would be necessary to make an estimation of tissue height following extraction.
B. The position, angulation, rotation, drift, and super-eruption of the remaining teeth will make the
choice of denture teeth more challenging and the esthetic outcome unpredictable.
C. During treatment plan discussions for a patient with such advanced oral problems, the option of an immediate denture should be discouraged or not even included
D. All of the above

Answer 154

D. All of the above

Question 155

Observe the preliminary cast and custom tray. Please choose the correct statement(s): A. The wax on the cast at the white arrows is most likely relief wax.
B. The size of the handle should not interfere with border molding
C. The wax on the cast at the blue arrows is most likely blockout wax.
D. All of the above

Answer 155

D. All of the above

Question 156

Observe the maxillary custom impression for a complete denture. Please choose the correct statement(s):

A. There are evidence that the midline resin (along the mid-palatal suture) of the processed denture have to be relieved
B. There is evidence that the rugae were compressed during the procedure.
C. There is evidence that the incisive papilla was compressed during the procedure.
D. All of the above.

Answer 156

D. All of the above.

Question 157

Consider this two-implant retained mandibular complete denture – and assuming the anterior occlusion is at the correct height to the alveolar ridge crest – please choose the correct statement(s):

A. The metal housing on #22 is showing through acrylic resin of the processed denture (marked green) which in-
alveoloplasty was necessary.
B. #27 implant was placed at a height position that provided adequate vertical space for the metal housing and denture acrylic resin.
C. An advantage of a “Locator” attachment system compared to a “Ball O-Ring” style of attachment dictates that the implant at #22 should have been placed at a lower level to the crest - even if need for less vertical space (with the Locator).
D. All of the above

Answer 157

D. All of the above

Question 158

Based on the image above, what is the left and right image?

Answer 158

Left: locator abutment
Right: locator impression coping

Question 159

For an ideal class one -maxilla-m-andibular relation, complete denture occlusion – when the condyles are in centric relation - should provide:

A. Bilateral, simultaneous,
B. Posterior contact at the patient’s natural vertical dimension of occlusion.
posterior functional contacts.
C. Bilateral, simultaneous anterior functional contacts
D. Both A and B are correct
E. None of the above

Answer 159

D. Both A and B are correct

Question 160

Observe the Mandibular RPD metal framework seated on the cast. Please choose the correct statement(s):
A. The superior border of the lingual bar major connector appears to extend too close to the gingival margin at some of the anterior teeth.
B. The rests on both right and left first premolars (#’s 21 & 28) provide indirect retention.
C. The four clasps are defined as infrabulge style X
D. A and B are correct
E. A, B, and C are correct

Answer 160

A. The superior border of the lingual bar major connector appears to extend too close to the gingival margin at some of the anterior teeth.

Question 161

2 questions on palatal plate major connector (Know what it looks like, and how far it can extend posteriorly)

Answer 161

PPS, vibrating line

Question 162

What kind of major connector is this?

Answer 162

A-P strap

Question 163

The processed RPD was designed for the K-en-nedy class II, Mod 1 – partially edentulous arch. Please
choose the correct statement(s):

A. The infrabulge, bar style retentive arm (white arrow) is indicated when a distal occlusal rest (red arrow) placed on the left terminal abutment (#21)

B. Assuming that there had been an adequate undercut present on the mesio buccal side of the left abutment (#21) an Akers-style clasp with a cast circumferential retentive arm would be the design of choice.
C. The Akers clasp on the right terminal abutment #31 (blue arrows) is an acceptable clasp for the tooth-supported side of the RPD
D. None of the above

Answer 163

C. The Akers clasp on the right terminal abutment #31 (blue arrows) is an acceptable clasp for the tooth-supported side of the RPD

Question 164

Name the primary and secondary indirect retainer for this Kennedy class I partially edentulous scenario. Please choose the correct combination:

A. Primary: Linguoplate, secondary: MO rest on #29
B. Primary: MO rest on #28, secondary: Linguoplate
C. Primary: MO rest on #29, secondary: MO rest on #28

Answer 164

B. Primary: MO rest on #28, secondary: Linguoplate

Question 165

Observe the two diagnostic casts. Which combination is the correct Kennedy classification for the partially edentulous scenarios (cast 1 & 2):
For cast 1): #18 will be replaced with an RPD

A. 1) Kennedy III mod 2 – 2) Kennedy IV.
B. 1) Kennedy II mod 4 – 2) Kennedy I
C. 1) Kennedy II mod 3 – 2) Kennedy IV
D. 1) Kennedy III Mod II – 2) Kennedy III mod 1.

Answer 165

C. 1) Kennedy II mod 3 – 2) Kennedy IV

Question 166

There are two main methods to preserve a chosen path of insertion for a surveyed crown working cast: an RPD master cast: Vertical parallel Lines on the cast base – or – “Tripod” marks. Considering these methods, please choose the correct statement(s):
A. The Tripod method allows the analyzing rod to be moved to different vertical height on three areas of the cast
B. If using the Parallel Vertical Lines method, lines must be made while maintaining the tip of the analyzing rod at the same vertical height – for each marking
C. If a survey crown’s working cast went to a commercial lab with parallel vertical lines or Tripod marks would not be necessary to check the contours of the survey crown before cementation.
D. None of the above

Answer 166

D. None of the above

Question 167

37. Regarding the altered cast impression procedure, choose the correct statement(s):
    A. The altered cast impression procedure is intended to correct for discrepancies in master casts that can result from differing tissue responses to different impression materials.
    B. The altered cast impression procedure is intended to combine the functional soft tissue support with the abutment tooth support to their maximum integrated advantage.
    C. The altered cast impression is indicated for both unilateral and bilateral distal extension removable partial denture
    D. All of the above

Answer 167

D. All of the above

Question 168

38. Observe the pictured cast. The area on the patient’s left that is indicated by the green crosshatched marking is most likely described as:

A. The Buccal frenum
B. The posterior buccal vestibule
C. The retro-mylohyoid space.
D. The masseteric notch
E. None the above

Answer 168

E. None the above

Question 169

Same question, but there was an answer choice: Buccal shelf and masseteric influence as answer choice. What is the answer?

Answer 169

buccal shelf

Question 170

Observe the lines on the complete denture master cast and the SBOR seated on the same cast. Please choose the correct statement(s):
A. The green lines could represent the beginning of the ascending mandible which would indicate the most distal extent for the placement of mandibular denture teeth.
B. The black lines could represent the anterior/posterior middle of the retromolar pad which would be to estimate the height of the posterior plane of occlusion.
C. The red lines could represent the projected bucco-lingual middle of the posterior denture support are… which the bucco-lingual center of the posterior denture should be located.
D. The lines are extended onto the land area of the cast to enable the locations they represent – to be when the SBOR is on the cast.
E. All of the above

Answer 170

E. All of the above

Question 171

Observe the GREEN -highlighted border on the maxillary complete denture (anterior). Please choose the correct statement that best completes the following: To border mold..
A. Elevate and extend the lip out, downward, and inward
B. Ask the patient to remain as motionless as possible during the molding of the border.
C. Ask the patient to extend the tongue outward, up, and over the upper lip.

Answer 171

A. Elevate and extend the lip out, downward, and inward

Question 172

Question on border molding of the posterior periphery for CD:
a. In order to capture the posterior extension, have the patient hold their nose and ask the patient to blow through their nose
b.
c. Both are correct

Answer 172

c. Both are correct

Question 173

Question on border molding buccal frenum
a. Have the patient pucker and purse their lips
b. Reflect their cheeks outward, downward, inward
c. a and b

Answer 173

b. Reflect their cheeks outward, downward, inward

Question 174

Observe the “card” of Trubyte Portrait maxillary anterior denture teeth. Please choose the correct statement:
A. The “mold” number is 12E and denotes the desired “face shape”, proportion/contour, and a mm range of width of the six anterior denture teeth on a curve (width between the distal surfaces of the canines)
B. The “mold” number is A2 and denotes the desired “face shape”, proportion/contour, and a mm range of width of the six anterior denture teeth on a curve (width between the distal surfaces of the canines)
C. The shade is not included on the card and must be determined with a “Portrait” (Dentsply) shade guide.
D. None of the above

Answer 174

A. The “mold” number is 12E and denotes the desired “face shape”, proportion/contour, and a mm range of width of the six anterior denture teeth on a curve (width between the distal surfaces of the canines)

Question 175

Observe the denture set up on the articulator. Please choose the statement that best completes the following: The set up:
A. Is a “Lingualized” posterior occlusal scheme.
B. Follows the “Neutrocentric” concept of having a flat occlusal plane.
C. Both A and B statements are correct
D. Neither statement is correct because the posterior occlusal scheme more closely follows the concepts of Anatomical Bilateral Balance.

Answer 175

C. Both A and B statements are correct

Question 176

Choose the correct statement(s) that apply to the circled component.
A. Serves as a secondary source of indirect retention to resist the rotation that is possible with tooth and tissue support.
B. The circled area is a portion of the Linguoplate major connector.
C. A distinct disadvantage of the component is the amount of tissue it covers with metal.
D. All of the above

Answer 176

D. All of the above

Question 177

Know why you want to plate a tooth that is mobile
a. may need to come out in the future and be able to have better retention of replacement denture tooth

Question 178

What is the Kennedy classification of this patient’s tooth loss is

A. Class I, mod 3.
B. Class II, mod 3.
C. Class III, mod 1.
D. Class IV.
E. None the above

Answer 178

E. None the above

Question 179

What is the Kennedy classification of this patient’s tooth loss is (Teeth #’s 18, 19, 20, 21, 29, & 30 are being replaced):
A. Class I, mod. 1.
B. Class II, mod. 1.
C. Class III, mod. 1.
D. Class IV, mod. 1.

Answer 179

B. Class II, mod. 1.

Question 180

Observe the RPD framework. Please choose the correct statement(s) (Teeth #’s 9, 10, 11, & 14 are being replaced).
A. The Kennedy Classification of this patient’s tooth loss is Class IV, mod 1
B. The major connector is a full palatal plate
C. The loss of tooth #11 will make it necessary to develop any left lateral disclussion protection on the posterior teeth.
D. None the above

Answer 180

C. The loss of tooth #11 will make it necessary to develop any left lateral disclussion protection on the posterior teeth.

Question 181

Choose the correct statement(s) that apply to the maxillary RPD design (Teeth # 3,4,5,6,11,12, & 13 are to be replaced):

A. The Kennedy Classification of this patient’s tooth loss is class III, mod 1.
B. The clasp assemblies on teeth #’s 7 and 10 are “Combination” style.
C. The lingual plating of the anterior teeth may serve to provide mechanical retention for a denture in the event of the loss of an anterior natural tooth.
D. All of the above

Answer 181

D. All of the above

Question 182

Observe the RED-highlighted border on the maxillary complete denture (the buccal flange and frenum) Please choose the most correct statement:
A. A portion of the patient’s contribution to the molding process is to “pucker” and “purse” the
B. A portion of the operator’s contribution to the molding process is to elevate the cheek, pull it outward, downward, and inward.
C. Both statements are correct

Answer 182

B. A portion of the operator’s contribution to the molding process is to elevate the cheek, pull it outward, downward, and inward.

Question 183

Observe the red-shaded AREA on the stimulated mandible. Please choose the statement that best completes the following: “The indicated area depicts the location of the..”:
A. Insertion of the pterygomandibular raphe
B. Retromylohyoid space
C. Insertion of the masseter muscle D. Location of the sublingual gland E. Hamular notch

Answer 183

B. Retromylohyoid space

Question 184

Final Impression of a complete denture- only “off” was a greenish color on the posterior portion of a greyish impression,.
a. Impression is not accurate
b. Voids (Didn’t have voids)
c. Positives (Didn’t see positives)
d. None of the above

Answer 184

d. None of the above

Question 185

A picture of a custom tray with notches at the buccal frenum. What is A?

Answer 185

Buccal frenum notch – Is made so that the provider can see the frenum attached to alveolar ridge

Question 186

A picture of a custom tray with notches at the buccal frenum. What is B?

Answer 186

Buccinator notch – Is made to activate muscles without interference

Question 187

(Different picture, but similar concept, it asked the area “A”, but it seems to be located a bit more posteriorly and anteriorly) The area “A”:
a. Includes the Pterygomandibular raphe, approaching near the buccal frenum area

Question 188

A picture of an upper SBOR with wax indentation that is straight and has undercut (obviously bad error)
a. Will be able to obtain CR record with these indentation
b. Will NOT be able to obtain CR record

Answer 188

b. Will NOT be able to obtain CR record

Question 189

4 questions on a rest seat (Pretty obvious errors)
- First question: Occlusal rest is small and did not flare out with sharp edges
- Second question: Occlusal rest was WAY too big and sharp edges
- Third question: Cingulum rest located too incisal and had sharp edges(didn’t include the
cingulum on the preparation, also know that if the rest is located too incisal, it can put more
stress on the tooth)
- Fourth question: Cingulum rest without the inverted “V” shape, it was flat.

Question 190

Upper CD, lowers have #18,21-27. Missing #19,20, 28-31.
1. Know Tripodization (Can’t move the pin up/down, gotta stay at the same vertical height)
2. Know the Line record (You can move the pin vertically for third, it should not have multiple lines
on each side of the cast)
3. Know how to survey, etc. again, basic questions on survey lines, guide planes, red dot means
undercut area, 0.25mm = 0.01in, tissue undercut record (use a graphite marker), when measuring undercut for an I-bar you can move the undercut slightly mesial

Question 191

Gingivally approaching clasps are also called _____ clasps. I bar is an example of infra-bulge clasp/ direct retainer. I-bar is more ____ than a round wire. An occlusal ____ can also act as an indirect retainer. Be able to identify the different major connectors of RPD for mandibular and maxillary RPD dentures.

Answer 191

infra-bulge, rigid, rest

Question 192

Following the loss of a natural tooth, this method creates a space for mechanical retention to secure the denture tooth. However, it contradicts the principle of minimizing tooth structure coverage. In cases where a lingual bar cannot be constructed to achieve the desired thickness and rigidity, this major connector can offer sufficient metal bulk to withstand bending forces.

Answer 192

Lingual plate major connector.

Question 193

This major connector covers the complete palate. The framework’s rear edge should not extend beyond the point where the hard and soft palates meet. It should not encroach upon the soft palate. At the midline, the rear edge should form a 90-degree angle.

Answer 193

complete palatal coverage

Question 194

Compared to alternative designs such as plate or AP strap, this framework’s flexibility may allow sideways bending under biting forces, potentially exerting lateral pressure on supporting teeth. When subjected to occlusal stress, the structure might compress the tissue beneath it. Increasing the framework’s thickness to improve stiffness could potentially interfere with speech by affecting tongue-palate contact areas.

Answer 194

horseshoe shaped major connector

Question 195

When creating any type of interim removable partial denture (RPD), it is important to survey the diagnostic cast to determine the insertion path and contour heights. The process of seating an interim RPD can be challenging due to denture acrylic filling in the embrasures and tooth and tissue undercuts during fabrication. A key distinction between cast metal RPDs and interim RPDs is that the latter rely solely on….

Answer 195

tissue support, without rests on abutment teeth.

Question 196

T/F: An incisal rest seat is favored over a cingulum rest because it is positioned nearer to the abutment’s horizontal axis of rotation (tipping axis).

Answer 196

False

A cingulum rest seat is favored over an incisal rest because it is positioned nearer to the abutment’s horizontal axis of rotation (tipping axis).

Question 197

A posterior spoon rest seat dimension should be:

Mesiodistal Width: Approximately ____ to ____ the mesiodistal width of the tooth.

Buccolingual Width: About _____ the buccolingual width of the tooth at the marginal ridge.

At the Marginal Ridge: ____ mm deep to accommodate the thickness of the metal framework.

Deeper Toward the Center: Gradually deepens toward the ______ fossa to create a spoon- shaped contour, ensuring the rest does not interfere with the opposing occlusion.

Marginal Ridge Reduction: Reduced by approximately _____ mm to allow proper thickness of the rest and the metal framework.

Answer 197

Mesiodistal Width: Approximately ____ to ____ the mesiodistal width of the tooth.

Buccolingual Width: About 1/2 the buccolingual width of the tooth at the marginal ridge.

At the Marginal Ridge: 1.5 mm deep to accommodate the thickness of the metal framework.

Deeper Toward the Center: Gradually deepens toward the central fossa to create a spoon- shaped contour, ensuring the rest does not interfere with the opposing occlusion.

Marginal Ridge Reduction: Reduced by approximately 1.5 mm to allow proper thickness of the rest and the metal framework.

Question 198

T/F: Floor of the Rest Seat should be Concave or Spoon-Shaped so that the floor slopes gently toward the center of the tooth to avoid sharp angles and distribute forces effectively.

Answer 198

true

Question 199

The floor of the rest seat should be inclined less than ___° to the long axis of the tooth. This ensures that occlusal forces are directed along the long axis, reducing the risk of tipping or harmful lateral forces.

Answer 199

90

Question 200

The outline of the spoon rest of an RPD should be what shape?

Answer 200

rounded triangular or oval

Question 201

Directs occlusal forces along the ________ of the abutment tooth to maintain periodontal health.

Answer 201

long axis

Question 202

What ensures proper seating of the framework without interfering with occlusion?

a. support
b. stability
c. retention
d. preservation
e. compatibility with framework

Answer 202

c. retention

Question 203

Prevents horizontal movement of the prosthesis during function.

a. support
b. stability
c. retention
d. preservation
e. compatibility with framework

Answer 203

b. stability

Question 204

Minimizes the risk of tooth fracture or damage by maintaining adequate tooth structure.

a. support
b. stability
c. retention
d. preservation
e. compatibility with framework

Answer 204

d. preservation

Question 205

Accommodates the necessary thickness of the rest and ensures a passive fit of the RPD.

a. support
b. stability
c. retention
d. preservation
e. compatibility with framework

Answer 205

e. compatibility with framework

Question 206

The first step in designing a RPD is …

Answer 206

surveying the cast

Question 207

When surveying the dental cast, the direction of insertion and removal determines the extent of natural undercut available on the selected abutments. This path is chosen to ensure that the retentive components of the clasp assemblies can withstand dislodgement during use. The insertion path should be as close to ______ to the occlusal plane as possible, while still providing sufficient undercuts and guiding planes.

Answer 207

perpendicular

Question 208

At the initial cast survey, the analyzing rod is used to identify or change the tilt in the _____ direction only in order to establish the best path of insertion with the least amount of guiding plane tooth reduction.

Answer 208

anterior-posterior

Question 209

There is a slight amount of leeway (approximately ___ degree) with the path relative to the plane of occlusion because the plane of occlusion is actually curved due to the curves of Spee and Wilson when surveying the cast. The tilt can be changed to any angle that will provide the desired undercuts. After identifying the tilt of the cast, the height of contour (survey lines) on the abutment teeth of the Dx cast are identified using the graphite marker.

Answer 209

10

Question 210

T/F: The instrument for identifying undercuts locates the desired undercut on the tooth serving as an abutment. The specific undercut position for a particular gauge is determined by the point where both the horizontal lip and vertical shaft of the gauge make contact with the abutment tooth. Typically, a red dot is used on the cast to mark the preferred undercut location.

Answer 210

true

Question 211

Which of the following helps record the condylar inclination?
a. Protrusive record
b. Left and right excursive record

Answer 211

a. Protrusive record

Question 212

Surveying – ___ degrees maximum

Answer 212

10

Question 213

In normal occlusion functional cusps include, the maxillary _____ cusps of the posterior teeth and the mandibular _____ cusps of the posterior teeth

Answer 213

palatal, buccal

Question 214

In a natural dentition with mutually protected occlusion, several characteristics are observed.

1. Strong bilateral contacts exist between posterior teeth in the ____ position, while anterior teeth have slightly less pronounced contacts.
2. During protrusive movements, ____ causes the posterior teeth to separate.
3. Similarly, _____ leads to the disclusion of posterior teeth during lateral movements.

Answer 214

1. centric
2. incisal guidance
3. canine guidance

Question 215

Which method of transferring condylar inclinations from a patient to an articulator involve obtaining a protrusive wax or resin record and use it to adjust the sagittal condylar inclination on the articulator and is commonly used?

Answer 215

protrusive record

Question 216

Which method of transferring condylar inclinations from a patient to an articulator involve capturing lateral movements to determine the Bennett angle and adjust the articulator accordingly?

Answer 216

lateral excursive records

Question 217

Which method of transferring condylar inclinations from a patient to an articulator involve transferring the orientation of the maxillary arch and the approximate condylar axis from the patient to the articulator?

Answer 217

facebow transfer

Question 218

Which method of transferring condylar inclinations from a patient to an articulator involve use a pantograph or similar device to record mandibular movements and transfer the condylar inclinations to the articulator and is rarely used?

Answer 218

direct measurement

Question 219

Which method of transferring condylar inclinations from a patient to an articulator involve setting the articulator to average values (e.g., 30° for sagittal condylar inclination and 15° for Bennett angle) when patient-specific records are unavailable (these methods vary in accuracy, with pantographs and protrusive records providing more precise patient-specific adjustments)?

Answer 219

arbitrary settings

Question 220

Using a Non-arcon articulator for the fabrication of a removable prosthesis, if the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) is opened after the casts are mounted, it will result in error at the ______ of the articulator. In addition, arc-of-closure error, the mandibular cast should be _____ at the new VDO using a clinical record.

Answer 220

horizontal condylar inclinations, remounted

Question 221

For individuals with severe periodontal disease who require full dentures, predicting the post-operative shape of the supporting tissues can be challenging. The natural teeth’s orientation, movement, and overgrowth complicate the selection of artificial teeth, necessitating patient education about potential aesthetic limitations. ______ and _____ are key factors indicating that, following the healing process, a new denture may need to be fabricated rather than simply applying a hard reline to the existing one.

Answer 221

Significant gum recession and tooth displacement

Question 222

T/F: When creating a denture with fewer teeth than the natural set, it is essential to inform the patient about this decision and explain the reasoning behind it. The positioning of the rearmost upper denture tooth is primarily determined by the need to place it slightly behind the last lower denture tooth.

Answer 222

true

Question 223

For the lower denture, the placement of the most posterior tooth is dictated by what?

Answer 223

the space available in front of the mandible’s ascending ramus

Question 224

Methods for Selecting Shape and Size of Anterior Maxillary Denture Teeth

Answer 224

Question 225

For dentures, which method has the definition of: measure the distance between the outer edges of the patient’s alae (nose wings).
Guidelines: This measurement is approximately equal to the combined width of the six anterior teeth on the occlusal plane.

Answer 225

Interalar Width Method

Question 226

For dentures, Phonetics: Evaluate “__” and “__” sounds for proper incisal edge positioning relative to the lower lip. Check “___” sounds to ensure adequate vertical overlap and spacing. Esthetics: Position and shape of the central incisors are critical for achieving a natural appearance.

Answer 226

F and V: incisal edge positioning
S: adequate vertical overlap and spacing

Question 227

For dentures, Wax Rim Measurements: Incisal Length: Adjust the wax rim so that the incisal edges of the maxillary teeth are visible about ____mm below the relaxed upper lip.

Answer 227

2-3

Question 228

For dentures, the golden Proportion (Esthetic Rule) is the width of the lateral incisor should be about _____% of the central incisor, and the canine width should be similar or slightly less than the lateral incisor.

Answer 228

60-70

Question 229

T/F: Age: Younger patients may require sharper and more prominent incisal edges, while older patients may need smoother and more worn teeth.

Answer 229

true

Question 230

Which gender require rounded and delicate denture teeth?

Answer 230

female

Question 231

Which gender require square and robust denture teeth?

Answer 231

male

Question 232

Distobuccal Arch of the mandibular complete denture and is influenced by the _____. And its over-extention can cause discomfort when the patient occludes.

Answer 232

masseter muscle

Question 233

Distobuccal corner (posterior buccal flange) of the maxillary complete denture includes the ______ and extends anteriorly to just short of the buccal frenum.

Answer 233

pterygomandibular raphe

Question 234

This part of the maxillary complete denture is molded in part by the operator extending the cheek outward, downward, and inward and having the patient open wide.

Answer 234

distobuccal corner (posterior buccal flange)

Question 235

Border molding in the ________ in the maxillary complete denture, patient’s contribution to the molding process is to “pucker” and “purse” the lips.

Answer 235

buccal flange and frenum area

Question 236

A portion of the operator’s contribution to the molding process of this area is to elevate the cheek and pull it outward, downward, and inward.

Answer 236

buccal flange and frenum area

Question 237

Border molding in the _____ area, requires elevation and extend the lip out, downward, and inward to activate the labial frenum.

Answer 237

anterior flange

Question 238

T/F: Border molding the anterior flange area require asking the patient to remain as motionless as possible during the molding of this border or Asking the patient to extend the tongue outward, up, and over the upper lip.

Answer 238

false

Question 239

T/F: Border molding in the maxillary post palatal seal area, the operator must ask the patient to pinch the nose closed while trying to blow air through the nose. This posterior border must extend to the patient’s vibrating line.

Answer 239

true

Question 240

What is the implant overdenture study by Kordatzis (2003) state?

Answer 240

A study by Kordatzis (2003) examined the difference between mandibular complete dentures supported by two implants and conventional mandibular dentures. The research revealed that over a five-year period, patients with implant-supported dentures experienced posterior mandibular ridge resorption of 0.69mm, while those with conventional complete dentures showed 1.63mm of resorption. Due to the superior retention of two-implant supported complete dentures compared to traditional mandibular complete dentures, patient satisfaction is notably higher with the implant-supported option. In 2002, the McGill consensus recommended that a mandibular denture retained by two implants should be considered the standard treatment for edentulous patients.

Question 241

In a clinical situation, a remount cast like the mandibular example would be mounted onto the articulator using a

a. CR record
b. facebow record
c. MIP
d. none of the above

Answer 241

a. CR record

Question 242

In a clinical situation, a remount cast like the maxillary where the occlusal scheme included eccentric contacts, would be mounted onto an articulator with…

a. CR record
b. facebow record
c. MIP
d. none of the above

Answer 242

b. facebow record

Question 243

Lingualized occlusal scheme utilizes maxillary anatomical posterior denture teeth opposing mandibular ____ degree posterior denture teeth.

a. 0 degree
b. 10 degree
c. 15 degree
d. 20 degree

Answer 243

a. 0 degree

Question 244

The dimensions of the mandibular occlusal rim typically follow standard guidelines, but they may vary slightly depending on the patient’s anatomical features. What are the general dimensions?

Anterior Height: ____ mm from the deepest point of the labial vestibule to the incisal edge.

Posterior Height: ___ the height of the retromolar pad or approximately ____ mm from the deepest point of the buccal vestibule.

Width:
Anterior: About ____ mm. Posterior: About _____ mm.

Answer 244

Anterior Height: 18–20 mm from the deepest point of the labial vestibule to the incisal edge.

Posterior Height: 2/3 the height of the retromolar pad or approximately 15–18 mm from the deepest point of the buccal vestibule.

Width:
Anterior: About 4–6 mm. Posterior: About 8–10 mm.

These dimensions are used as guidelines for fabricating a mandibular occlusal rim and can be adjusted based on individual patient anatomy, esthetic considerations, and functional needs.

Question 245

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for maxilla in the anterior

Answer 245

extend to cover the labial and buccal vestibules up to the mucogingival junction ensuring that the baseplate reaches but does not impinge on the movable tissues

Question 246

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for maxilla of the posterior

Answer 246

extend to the vibrating line (junction of the hard and soft palate) for a proper posterior palatal seal. This line is typically 2 mm anterior to the fovea palatini.

Question 247

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for maxilla of the lateral

Answer 247

Extend to include the buccal vestibule, reaching the maxillary tuberosities without overextension into the coronoid process pathway during functional movements.

Question 248

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for maxilla of the midline

Answer 248

Follow the midline of the hard palate, ensuring even thickness and proper adaptation.

Question 249

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for mandible of the anterior

Answer 249

Extend to cover the labial and buccal vestibules up to the mucogingival junction, similar to the maxilla, ensuring proper retention and stability

Question 250

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for mandible of the posterior

Answer 250

Extend to cover the retromolar pad entirely, without extending over the ascending ramus or into the pterygomandibular raphe.

Question 251

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for mandible of the lateral

Answer 251

Extend into the buccal shelf area for maximum support and stability while avoiding impingement on the buccinator muscle during function.

Question 252

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for mandible of the lingual

Answer 252

Extend to the lingual vestibule, up to but not beyond the mylohyoid ridge, ensuring proper adaptation without interference with the tongue or mylohyoid muscle movements.

Question 253

Normal extensions of the baseplate for complete denture fabrication for mandible of the sublingual area

Answer 253

Extend to the sublingual fold without impinging on the floor of the mouth or the lingual frenum.

Question 254

The baseplate wax of complete dentures are placed to:

a. protect fragile areas of the cast such as the frenum, mid palatine raphe and the incisive papilla
b. blockout and fill undercutss to prevent locking the baseplate onto the cast
c. to estimate what the final dentures will look like
d. all of the above
e. a and b

Answer 254

e. a and b

Question 255

T/F: For patients that need alveoloplasty, you can perform the alveoloplasty and wait until the patient is fully healed before denture fabrication, OR provide an interim CD with a planned definitive prosthesis to be fabricated after fully healing.

Answer 255

true

Question 256

Some important landmarks in the maxilla and mandibular edentulous arch are, Buccal shelf area, which serves as a ____ support tissue for a complete denture.

Answer 256

primary

Question 257

Disto-buccal Arch, which is the area of influence of the _____ Muscle.

Answer 257

Masseter

Question 258

The ____ muscle can limit the extension of the buccal flange of a mandibular denture. Overextension in this region can cause soreness or dislodgement due to the muscle’s activity.

Answer 258

masseter

Question 259

Located posterior to the _____ and near the _____, this area is compressed during masseter contraction. Proper shaping of the denture flange to accommodate this movement is critical for comfort and retention.

Answer 259

buccal shelf, RMP

Question 260

The posterior fibers of the masseter insert near the _____ and influence the stability and seating of mandibular dentures in this area.

Answer 260

retromolar pad

Question 261

The masseter exerts pressure on the _____ muscle, affecting the contour of the buccal vestibule during function.

Answer 261

buccinator

Question 262

T/F: Complete denture impressions with deep crevice depressions should be blockout along the midline of the palate with wax before an SBOR can be made with resin.

Answer 262

true

Question 263

T/F: To assist in positioning denture teeth within the occlusion rim, lines are extended from the alveolar ridges of the cast onto the surrounding land area. A solid line is drawn across the front portion of the cast, marking the furthest forward point of the mandibular ridge. It is beneficial to place at least part of the cervical base of the lower anterior denture teeth over this line.

Answer 263

true

Question 264

The primary structure of the facebow that extends around the patient’s face.

a. frame
b. bitefork
c. upright supports
d. condylar rods
e. nasion pointer
f. spring mechanism

Answer 264

a. frame

Question 265

A flat plate or fork used to hold an impression material (e.g., wax or bite registration material) to record the maxillary arch.

a. frame
b. bitefork
c. upright supports
d. condylar rods
e. nasion pointer
f. spring mechanism

Answer 265

b. bitefork

Question 266

Vertical rods or extensions that connect the bitefork to the frame.

a. frame
b. bitefork
c. upright supports
d. condylar rods
e. nasion pointer
f. spring mechanism

Answer 266

c. upright supports

Question 267

Extensions on either side of the frame that are positioned near the external auditory meatus to approximate the hinge axis. When the “Spring bow” ear tabs are positioned in the external meatus of the patient’s ears, the line projected between the tabs (red-dotted line in picture) is an arbitrary estimation of the patient’s “transverse hinge axis”.

a. frame
b. bitefork
c. upright supports
d. condylar rods
e. nasion pointer
f. spring mechanism

Answer 267

d. condylar rods

Question 268

A support or guide that stabilizes the frame against the nasion (bridge of the nose) for added accuracy.

a. frame
b. bitefork
c. upright supports
d. condylar rods
e. nasion pointer
f. spring mechanism

Answer 268

e. nasion pointer

Question 269

A tension-based system to stabilize the facebow during use.

a. frame
b. bitefork
c. upright supports
d. condylar rods
e. nasion pointer
f. spring mechanism

Answer 269

f. spring mechanism

Question 270

The Hanau spring records the Maxillomandibular Relationship by capturing the spatial orientation of the maxillary arch in relation to the _______ of the TMJ.

Answer 270

hinge axis

Question 271

Maxillary denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Irritation of the labial mucosa. Denture instability due to interference with lip movement. Esthetic concerns from a bulky appearance.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. posterior palatal seal
d. palatal coverage

Answer 271

a. labial flange

Question 272

Maxillary denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Soreness in the buccal vestibule. Difficulty with mastication and cheek movement. Dislodgement due to interference with the buccinator muscle.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. posterior palatal seal
d. palatal coverage

Answer 272

b. buccal flange

Question 273

Maxillary denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Gagging if the extension goes beyond the vibrating line. Ulceration of the soft palate. Loss of retention due to improper tissue adaptation.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. posterior palatal seal
d. palatal coverage

Answer 273

c. posterior palatal seal

Question 274

Maxillary denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Excessive coverage may impair phonetics and the sense of taste. Tissue irritation or soreness.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. posterior palatal seal
d. palatal coverage

Answer 274

d. palatal coverage

Question 275

Mandibular denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Irritation or ulceration of the labial vestibule. Instability during speaking or chewing due to interference with lip movement.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. lingual flange
d. posterior extension
e. sublingual extension

Answer 275

a. labial flange

Question 276

Mandibular denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Soreness in the buccal vestibule. Displacement of the denture due to masseter muscle interference. Painful impingement during mastication.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. lingual flange
d. posterior extension
e. sublingual extension

Answer 276

b. buccal flange

Question 277

Mandibular denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Ulceration or irritation of the floor of the mouth. Discomfort from impingement on the mylohyoid muscle. Interference with tongue movement, affecting speech and swallowing.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. lingual flange
d. posterior extension
e. sublingual extension

Answer 277

c. lingual flange

Question 278

Mandibular denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Soreness or ulceration of the retromolar pad. Displacement during mastication. Difficulty in achieving proper retention and stability.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. lingual flange
d. posterior extension
e. sublingual extension

Answer 278

d. posterior extension

Question 279

Mandibular denture overextension of what part will cause the following problem:

Pain and irritation of the floor of the mouth. Discomfort during tongue movement. Gagging or difficulty swallowing.

a. labial flange
b. buccal flange
c. lingual flange
d. posterior extension
e. sublingual extension

Answer 279

e. sublingual extension

Question 280

In general, what are the general effects of overextension for both dentures?

a. discomfort and pain that includes soreness and ulceration
b. denture instability that causes frequent dislodgement
c. difficulty in function
d. tissue damage
e. patient dissatisfaction
f. all of the above

Answer 280

f. all of the above

Question 281

There are two main techniques to fabricate a 2-implant-retained CD. the “pick up” technique and the “processing” technique. For pick up impressions the gold-colored locator abutments will remain on the patient’s implants. The silver-colored components are the Locator impression copings are placed on locators. The type of impression is regarded as abutment-level impression.

Answer 281

patient, locators

Question 282

Compared to circumferential clasps, I-bars cover a larger area of gingival tissue. It is recommended to place a _____ on each side of an edentulous space. The use of I-bars originating from embrasure rests contradicts the principle of maintaining a simple design.

Answer 282

rest