D072 Flashcards
Ability
Possession of the means or skill to do something
Active listening
Giving the sender full, undisturbed attention with the intention of fully receiving his or her message
Aggressive communicator
Forceful communication style often carried out in a loud and hostile manner
Assertive communicator
Productive communication style used by those who express their ideas while listening attentively to others
Attraction–selection–attrition (A–S–A)
A theory holding that (1) individuals are attracted to organizations whose members are similar to themselves in terms of personality, values, interests, and other attributes; (2) organizations are more likely to select those who possess knowledge, skills, and abilities similar to the ones their existing members possess; and (3) over time, those who do not fit in well are more likely to leave
Attrition
The unpredictable and uncontrollable but normal reduction of work force due to resignations, retirement, sickness, or death
Autocratic style
Leadership style that keeps close control over subordinates and does not seek much input from others
Barrier to effective communication
Factor that prevents the receiver from receiving and understanding the message accurately
Behavioral Event Interviews
Guided interview questions where individuals describe their thoughts and feelings during specific situations and a coach helps establish a development plan
Channel
Means of passing information from sender to recipient, such as via face-to-face meeting or telephone call
Code of ethics
Guide that publicly sets out an organization’s key values and ethical obligations
Coercive power
Ability to take something away or punish someone for noncompliance
Communication
Sharing understanding and meaning via oral, nonverbal, and written forms
Communication style
Dominant way in which an individual interacts and exchanges information with others
Consideration
The relationship-oriented behaviors of a leader
Corporate culture
The attitudes, values, and standards of behavior that distinguishes one organization from another
Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Philosophy in which a company voluntarily engages in actions that benefit society, be it economically, socially, politically, or environmentally
Cultural alignment
Linking of organizational goals with the employees’ personal goals
Cultural diversity
The existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a workplace
CVF model
Framework for assessing organizational culture and organizational dynamics
Design thinking
A method of problem-solving strategy wherein the data collected are expressed visually in order to create new strategies, ways, and methods to solve problems, create opportunities or strengthen weaknesses
Effective communication
When information transmitted is interpreted by the receiver in the way it was intended by the sender
Emotional intelligence
The capacity to be aware of, control, and express one’s emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically
Emotional quotient
The level of a person’s emotional intelligence, often as represented by a score in a standardized test
Empathy
Being attuned and sensitive to the emotional states of others
Employee-member-centered behaviors
Behaviors that focus on supporting employees
EQ
The level of a person’s emotional intelligence, often as represented by a score in a standardized test
Ethics
Principles that serve as a guide about how to behave
Expert power
Power based on knowledge and special skill or experience
Formal leaders
A person who is officially designated as the leader of a group
Greenwashing
When organizations carry about CSR missions in an inauthentic way, using them to increase publicity rather than to spur real change
Idealized influence
Form of transformational leadership in which a leader models behaviors and attitude that subordinates choose to emulate
Illegal-ethical
Dilemma in which the ethical choice would be in violation of established laws
Individual contributori
An individual contributor is someone uses their personal skills to contributes to a team
Individualized consideration
Form of transformational leadership in which a leader takes the time to learn about the talents of each individual and puts them to good use
Influence tactics
The way individuals attempt to influence one another in organizations
Information power
Power that stems from when a leader possesses knowledge that others need or want
Initiating
The task-related behaviors of a leader
inspirational appeals
Engage values, emotions, and beliefs to gain support for course of action
Inspirational motivation
Form of transformational leadership in which a leader inspires a passionate vision among subordinates or the organization itself
Intellectual stimulation
Form of transformational leadership in which a leader recognizes the intellect of subordinates and empowers them to contribute towards the success or vision of the organization
Intelligence
The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills
intelligence quotient
A number representing a person’s reasoning ability as compared to the statistical norm or average for their age
Internal transparency
Degree to which an organization operates with openness, communication, and accountability
International business culture
Variations in attitudes, values, goals, and practices shared by individuals, organizations, or societies based on geography
Job-centered behaviors
Refers to supervisory functions, such as planning, scheduling, coordinating work activities, and providing resources
Journaling
Self-reflective process of recording thoughts and emotions from day to day, in order to identify patterns
Knowledge
Facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education
Laissez-faire style
A largely “hands-off” leadership style that provides considerable freedom to subordinates
Leader
A person who holds a dominant position within a field and can exercise a high degree of control or influence over others
Leadership
The activity of leading a group of people or an organization or the ability to do this
Legal
An act that is allowed or is in conformity with the law of the land
Leadership style
Manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people
Legal-ethical
When the law and personal or organizational ethics are in accordance with each other
Legal-unethical
Dilemma in which established laws are not in accordance or do not uphold the ethical choice
Legitimate power
Power that comes from one’s organizational role or position
Locus of control
Extent to which an entity believes the current and anticipated circumstances, and its response to them are within its control
Machiavellian
Cunning, scheming, and unscrupulous
Manager
An individual who oversees a certain group of tasks, or a certain subset of a company and often has a staff of people who report to them
McKinsey 7-S
An organizational model developed in the 1980s by Tom Peters and Robert Waterman (the authors of In Search of Excellence) that analyzes seven key internal aspects of an organization that need to be aligned if it is too achieve its objectives and improve performance
Mechanistic
Hierarchical, bureaucratic, organizational structure characterized by (1) centralization of authority, (2) formalization of procedures and practices, and (3) specialization of functions
Meditation
Focusing all of your energy and attention on one specific area of the present moment
Mindfulness
Consciousness of the present moment
Morals
Rules people develop as a result of cultural norms and values and are, traditionally passed down through generations and characterize a cultural group
Motivation
Emotional tendencies that impact your ability to reach personal goals
Nonverbal communication
Expressing information without the use of spoken or written words, such as using body language, tone of voice, facial expressions, and even silence
Oral communication
Expressing information or ideas through spoken words
Organic
Organizational structure characterized by (1) flatness: communications and interactions are horizontal, (2) low specialization: knowledge resides wherever it is most useful, and (3) decentralization: great deal of formal and informal participation in decision-making
Organizational culture
The shared values, beliefs, and norms of an organization that affect the strategies and operating procedures of the business
Organizational ethics
Rules, principles, and standards for deciding what is morally right or wrong when doing business
Organizational structure
A system used to define a hierarchy within an organization
Participative style
Leadership style that seeks input from subordinates
Passive communicator
Tentative communication style used by those who are hesitant to speak up
Passive-aggressive communication style
Indirect communication style that uses hidden messages to express needs and ideas
Pentagon Papers
Illegal-ethical conflict in which U.S. government officials leaked top secret papers to inform the public about government actions during the Vietnam War
People-oriented style
Leadership style that is primarily concerned with interpersonal relations in the workplace
Person–job fit
The degree to which a person’s skill, knowledge, abilities, and other characteristics match the job demands
Person–organization fit
The degree to which a person’s values, personality, goals, and other characteristics match those of the organization
Personal Communication
Information that is exchanged between sender and recipient for personal purposes
Personal competencies
Emotional intelligence competencies related to self-awareness, self-regulation, and motivation
Personal ethics
Codes, principles, and values that shape our interactions with others
Personality
The relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has
Power
The ability to influence the behavior of others to get what you want
Process management
The management initiative to design work processes so that they align with the organization’s strategic goals
Professional communication
Information that is exchanged in a business context for the commercial benefit of an organization
Rational persuasion
Using facts, data, and logical arguments to try to convince others that your point of view is the best alternative
Referent power
Ability of the leader to influence people because of their attraction and respect to the leader
Rehearsing
When the receiver is preparing what to say in response instead of actively listening to sender’s message
Relationship management
Part of a strategy to engage existing customers in order to retain them and understand their evolving needs or demands. It is a business paradigm where a business views the association with its patrons as an ongoing relationship rather than a mere transaction
Reward power
Ability to grant a reward to an employee in exchange for job performance
Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX)
Law aimed at improving corporate transparency by requiring clear reporting practices
Self-awareness
Knowing your inner preferences, beliefs, and resources in order to recognize patterns in your behavior and thoughts
Self-regulation
Controlling your thoughts and impulses in order to manage your internal state
Simulation Feedback
Participation in challenging emotional intelligence simulations in order to receive feedback on EQ competencies
Situational Theories of Leadership
Leadership theory that suggests that to be effective, leaders must adapt their style based on the circumstances
Skills
Experience and behaviors associated with the application of knowledge
Social competencies
Emotional intelligence competencies related to empathy and social skills
Social skills
A broad range of behaviors related to managing relationships with others
Stakeholders
Those who have a stake in the performance and output of an organization, such as employees, unions, investors, suppliers, consumers, local and national governments, and communities
Supportive communication
Used to preserve a positive relationship between communicators while still addressing the problem at hand
Surveys
Questionnaires that track preferred actions in specific emotional intelligence situations
Task-oriented style
Leadership style that is primarily concerned job tasks
Transactional leadership
Leadership style that assumes employees have their own desires and will not be motivated without extrinsic rewards from leadership
Transformational leadership
Leadership style that assumes it is possible to intrinsically motivate employees so that their desires match those of leadership
Values
Stable life goals that people have, reflecting what is most important to them
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
An IQ test designed to measure intelligence and cognitive ability in adults and older adolescents
WGU Code of Student Conduct
The organizational code of ethics that governs responsible and respectful behavior at WGU
World Trade Organization (WTO)
International organization tasked with promoting global trade, enforcing common trade regulations, and helping promote ethical behavior among members
Whistleblowers
Those who tell the public or the authorities about alleged misconduct occurring in a government department, private company, or organization
Written communication
Expressing information in the form of written words
