D block, coordination, geometries and isomerism Flashcards
What is coordination number?
The number of donor atoms bound directly to metal centre
What are the common geometries for CN 4?
Tetrahedral and square planar for d8 ions
What are the common geometries for CN 5?
trigonal bipyramidal and square based pyramid
What are common geometries for CN 6?
usually octahedral (and elongated octahedral due to Jahn-Teller effect)
What is constitutional isomerism?
Different atom-atom binding sequence. includes linkage isomerism, coordination isomerism and ionisation isomerism
What is linkage isomerism?
When an ambidentate ligand is involved meaning it can bind through different donor atoms.
What is coordination isomerism?
When ligands swap between complexes
What is ionisation isomerism?
Ligands swap between inner and outer coordination spheres. Hydration ionisation is a class of this where the ligand is water
What is hydration isomerism?
Subset of ionisation isomerism where water can swap between the inner and outer coordination sphere.
What is stereoisomerism?
Same atom to atom binding sequence (connectivity) but different arrangement in space
What is geometric isomerism?
Different shapes, cis/trans, mer/fac
What is optical isomerism?
chiral isomers (enantiomers) non superimposable mirror images that rotate the plane of polarised light (optically active)
