D 2 - PART 1 - DSM Flashcards by Florence Gauthier

True or False regarding Personality theory of Hippocrates ?

Excess blood – optimistic/confident

TRUE

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True or False regarding Personality theory of Hippocrates ?

Excess black bile – Bad tempered

FALSE

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True or False regarding Personality theory of Hippocrates ?

Excess Phlegm – placid/apathetic

TRUE

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True or False regarding Personality theory of Hippocrates ?

Excess yellow bile - gloomy

FALSE

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One of the advantages of having a diagnostic system for classifying mental disorders is:

a. To make it easier to conduct systematic research on psychopathology
b. That it limits the potential for labeling a person as deviant.
c. To prevent non-psychiatrists from treating people with psychopathology.
d. That it settles issues and controversies over the causes of mental illness

a. To make it easier to conduct systematic research on psychopathology

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People with obsessive-compulsive disorder often do which of the following?

a. Have false beliefs that they hold despite contradictory evidence
b. Have panic attacks
c. Have sensory or perceptual experiences that occur without an external stimulus
d. Experience anxiety-producing thoughts, impulses, or images

d. Experience anxiety-producing thoughts, impulses, or images

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What is a culture-bound disorder?

a. A disorder not included in one of the DSM’s diagnostic categories
b. A disorder specific to a particular cultural context
c. Any disorder whose onset is highly influenced by cultural factors
d. A disorder that is bound to occur in most cultures

b. A disorder specific to a particular cultural context

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Peter seems to be suffering from prolonged, vague, unexplained but intense fears that do not seem to be attached to any particular object. If you were a clinical psychologist, you might diagnose Peter with:

a. obsessive compulsive disorder
b. social phobia
c. generalized anxiety disorder
d. dysthymia
e. All of these disorders are relevant
f. All of these disorders are irrelevant

c. generalized anxiety disorder

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According to the DSM V, which is likely true about people with somatoform disorders?

a. They have symptoms that are caused by a medical condition
b. They do not experience real symptoms
c. They may pay too much attention to bodily symptoms
d. They intentionally produce their symptoms

c. They may pay too much attention to bodily symptoms

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The DSM-5 revision was an effort to get the diagnostic codes for mental health disorders in line with:

a. The need to simplify the diagnostic process of mental health disorders in the USA
b. The roll out and implementation of ICD-10-CM codes
c. The mandate of the American Psychiatric Association to update its processes
d. The new Affordable Care Act Rulings

b. The roll out and implementation of ICD-10-CM codes

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The DSM III is tied to the ____?_____model of abnormal behavior, which views psychological problems in the same way as it views physical problems

a. medical
b. physical
c. psychosomatic
d. biological

a. medical

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Which of the following is not an anxiety disorders?

a. Separation Anxiety Disorder
b. Panic attack
c. Depersonalization disorder
d. Selective Mutism
e. Social Phobia
f. Agoraphobia

c. Depersonalization disorder

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The official coding system in use in the United States as of publication of the DSM-5-TR is the:

a. Health Codes (HC)
b. Prevention Plus III System (PP-3-S)
c. National Nomenclature Nosology (NMN)
d. International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
e. Height Report (HR)

b. Prevention Plus III System (PP-3-S)

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How does Wendy Pullin illustrate how treatment approaches can vary from one culture (i.e. ethnicity) to another and what is her therapeutic response to this problem?

a. Whatever cultural backgrounds, she’ll try to set aside her own view and see things from client’s view, adopting an “eclectic” point of view.
b. When having an aboriginal woman as client, she’ll use cognitive-behavioral therapy that is very structured and talk-oriented.
c. Whatever cultural backgrounds, she’ll try to set aside her own view and see things from client’s view, adopting an “unvaried” point of view.
d. When having an aboriginal woman as client, she’ll concentrate much more on her client’s dream and contact with spiritual ancestors.
e. When having a Caucasian woman with an Anglo-saxon background, she’ll concentrate much more on her client’s dream and contact with spiritual ancestors.
f. When having a Caucasian woman with an Anglo-saxon background, she’ll use cognitive-behavioral therapy that is very structured and talk-oriented

a. Whatever cultural backgrounds, she’ll try to set aside her own view and see things from client’s view, adopting an “eclectic” point of view.
d. When having an aboriginal woman as client, she’ll concentrate much more on her client’s dream and contact with spiritual ancestors.
f. When having a Caucasian woman with an Anglo-saxon background, she’ll use cognitive-behavioral therapy that is very structured and talk-oriented

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Which disorder is characterized by an inability to remember a traumatic incident?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
 a. Dissociative amnesia 
 b. Post–traumatic stress disorder 
 c. Conversion disorder 
 d. Schizophrenia

a. Dissociative amnesia

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___?___ result (s) from the tendency of an interviewer (or therapist) to develop a general impression of a person and then infer other seemingly related characteristics.

a. Cognitive dissonance
b. Halo Effects
c. Racial Bias
d. Psychological Reactance
e. Ambulatory sensors

b. Halo Effects

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Feelings of apprehension with normal social and psychological functioning (panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobias, etc.).

Anxiety disorders

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A display of symptoms with no apparent organic causes (hypochondriasis, somatization disorder etc.)

Somatoform disorders

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Splitting off certain kinds of behaviors that are normally integrated (amnesia, fugue, depersonalization etc.)

Dissociative disorders

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Mood disturbances (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, etc.…)

Mood disorders

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Disorders involving psychotic symptoms (delusion or hallucinations, distortion in perception of reality, impairment in thinking, affect, behavior and motivation)
Schizophrenia and its subtypes.

Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders

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Maladaptive sexual responses, impulsive sexual behavior,
Identity disorders (Exhibitionism, fetishism, pedophilia, etc.)

Sexual disorders and sexual identity disorders

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I have a persistent Ear that I’m going to be left alone; I can’t leave work or a party, or even get off the bus because I can’t stand the thought of going home and being alone. Please don’t hang up on me.

Autophobia / isolaphobia / monophobia (Anxiety Disorder)

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. I turned on television last night and I think that television editors are somehow stealing my ideas for new television shows, using them to make big money. They have some sort of technological radar-scanner that picks up my every thought.

Schizophrenia

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I feel « trapped » in the wrong body; this feeling is so strong that I may have an operation to change gender. What do you think of it ?

Transsexualism (Gender dysphoria)

. I’m calling about my brother; he had been missing from home for 3 days and the police just found him. He claims that he remembers nothing about his flight from home. He’s very disoriented.

Dissociativ fugue and amnesia (Dissociatives disorders)

I just had a horrible experience that lasted for about 20 minutes. I felt an overwhelming sense of disaster overtaking me. My heart was pounding, I was sweating and shivering, and my breathing was very shallow and difficult.

Panic Attack (anxiety disorders)

I am frightened that I may have breast cancer. I have discovered a new « lump » in one of my breast and I am angry at my doctor for dismissing it as a harmless cyst. I am very well read of breast cancer and can tell you of the latest treatment. I will switch doctor again to see if I can get the confirmation I know to be true.

Illness anxiety disorder (somatic symp. And related disorders)

I feel completely worthless about myself; I don’t feel attractive or bright; I’ve been contemplating suicide.

Major depressive episode (depressive disorders)

My moods lately have been like an elevator -up one minute, down the next. When I’m up, I’m talking a mile a minute, can’t sleep, and feel absolutely euphoric. Then I hit rock bottom, feeling totally depressed

Bipolar disorder

I get sexual gratification by touching or looking at some objet;sometimes the turn-on is a specific part of the body other than genitals.

Fetishism ( Paraphilic disorders)

Personality disorders do not have specific psychopathology

TRUE

DSM – 5 is a multiaxial system containing 5 main axes

FALSE

DSM – 5 is using a dimensional approach in place of the current categorical approach

FALSE

DSM-IV-TR classifies personality disorder in a different axis to psychiatric illnesses

TRUE

The ICD-10 uses a categorical approach to describe personality disorder

TRUE

ICD classifies personality disorder in a different axis to psychiatric illnesses

FALSE

In the movie The Caine Mutiny, Humphrey Bogart played a Captain Quigg who was overbearing and highly suspicious of his crew members. Captain Quigg had an odd mannerism that he performed over and over again. He would uncontrollably fondle ball bearings in his hand, over and over. This ritualistic behavior illustrates: a. an obsession b. panic attack c. free floating anxiety d. a compulsion

d. a compulsion

If a person has mood swings which go from intense depression to incredible hyperactivity and happiness, they would most likely be diagnosed with: Veuillez choisir une réponse : a. dysthymia b. major depression c. post traumatic stress disorder d. bipolar depression (manic depression)

d. bipolar depression (manic depression)

Note that DSM-V places less emphasis on the degree of impairment (i.e. IQ scores) and more on the amount and type of intervention needed. a. Severe intellectual disability b. Moderate intellectual disability c. Mild intellectual disability d. Profound intellectual disability

b. Moderate intellectual disability

Dysthymia in the DSM-5 is now known as: a. Adjustment Disorder with depressed mood b. Other Specified Depressive Disorder c. Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder d. Persistent Depressive Disorder

d. Persistent Depressive Disorder

The main goal of a diagnostic interview is to: a. develop a specific diagnosis b. discuss unpleasant facts and feelings in order to develop rapport c. make the client feel uncomfortable d. ask questions which lead to defensiveness e. be direct if time is limited

a. develop a specific diagnosis

Why is the US health care system considered to be "imperfect"? a. Thanks to the healthcare bubble’s continued expansion during the Great Recession, healthcare has been one of the few industries to add jobs (nearly 1 million jobs!) b. The utilization of health is driven by economic need rather than human ones. c. Pharmaceutical companies also own the managed care health insurance companies and promote a biological vision to sell their products d. It gives to philanthropy an increasing role. e. Privacy of patient information is questioned: Medical records are examined to assess whether the care is appropriate or not

c. Pharmaceutical companies also own the managed care health insurance companies and promote a biological vision to sell their products

This process is required for the systematic diagnosis by psychiatrists and psychologists of psychological disorders when using DSM-5: a. Interviewing family and friends to find out about deviant behaviors b. Applying statistical formulas to examine the frequency of behaviors c. Matching a person's symptoms with disorders in the diagnostic manual d. Performing medical tests and brain scans on patients in hospitals

c. Matching a person's symptoms with disorders in the diagnostic manual

With the publication of the DSM III, many "gay" people jokingly said that they were cured of homosexuality. That was when the American Psychiatric Association relaxed its standards about homosexuality because society regarded it more of an alternative "lifestyle" rather than an abnormality. This illustrates what criterion of abnormality? a. personal discomfort b. statistical abnormality c. maladaptive behavior d. Norms

d. Norms

Carol, a mid-level manager at Pegasus Incorporated, has not received a promotion in the last three years despite good performance and good ratings at performance appraisals. If she were to be promoted, she would be the only female employee at top management level. Carol seems to have hit: a. the brick wall b. bhe glass wall c. the glass ceiling d. the invisible ceiling

c. the glass ceiling

The idea that we find it useful to put people, ourselves included, into categories is an important assumption of ______?_______ theory. a. just world b. realistic group conflict c. social identity d. cognitive dissonance

c. social identity

According to film 9, what was Le Poultier’s main result ? a. He showed that the same woman was described using different adjectives depending on the social roles described (her labeling as social worker or client). b. He showed that the social worker was evaluated with the same adjectives as the client. c. He showed that the social worker was evaluated with the same adjectives as the friends.

a. He showed that the same woman was described using different adjectives depending on the social roles described (her labeling as social worker or client).

Merging two organizations into one can result in a lot of problems between the two former organizational groups. What is the best way to reduce intergroup bias ? a. Encourage personal contact between individuals and former out-group members (decategorization) b. Distract attention from group differences (the color-blindness approach). c. There is no uniformly best way to reduce intergroup bias. d. Have the two groups share common goals, while they can simultaneously maintain their own social identity.

a. Encourage personal contact between individuals and former out-group members (decategorization)

Us" versus "them" categorizations tend to create intergroup conflict. Part of the reason stems from the fact that a group may view itself positively and view other groups negatively. In social psychology, these groups are called : a. dominant groups and subordinate groups b. positive groups and negative groups c. valued groups and devalued groups d. ingroups and outgroups

d. ingroups and outgroups

Which of the following statements about stereotypes is FALSE ? a. Stereotypes are forms of social categories b. Stereotypes refer to the affective dimension of attitude. c. Stereotypes are very limiting and can cause discrimination. d. Stereotypes are sets of characteristics that people believe are true for all members of a particular social category.

b. Stereotypes refer to the affective dimension of attitude.

Discrimination in a minimal intergroup situation occurs on the basis of ______ ? : a. History of conflict b. Unjust distribution of resources c. Simple categorization d. Negative stereotypes

c. Simple categorization

This term is a bias which describes the tendency to favor one's own group: we often do this as a way of maintaining self-esteem. a. ingroup favoritism b. ingroup derogation c. outgroup favoritism d. outgroup derogation

a. ingroup favoritism

____?____ attitudes are activated without awareness, whilst ____?____ attitudes are attitudes of which one is aware. a. Inward; outward b. Implicit; explicit c. Outward, inward d. Explicit, implicit

b. Implicit; explicit

In the 1930s a psychologist named Tryon performed an ingenious experiment. He took a litter of genetically identical mice, and « randomly assigned » them to one of two groups: "maze bright" and "maze dull." He warned students to whom he gave the maze dull mice that they would be slow, make many mistakes, and learn poorly. He told students to whom he gave the maze-bright mice that these mice were fast learners, would make few errors, and were alert. After two weeks of « maze training », his predictions were dramatically proven right: Maze dull mice did miserably on maze tests; maze bright mice did great. Tryon concluded that the results had nothing to do with mice; the students communicated their "expectations" to the mice in the way they handled and encouraged the animals. This experiment provides strong evidence for : a. Objective data gathering b. Placebo-effects c. Self-fulfilling prophecy d. Minimal group paradigm

c. Self-fulfilling prophecy

"Real conflicts" (page 22) refer to "realistic group conflict theory" suggesting that prejudice arises : a. where there is a long history of distrust between two groups b. when a new group moves into an area c. when groups fail to communicate clearly with each other d. when groups compete for scarce resources

d. when groups compete for scarce resources

The idea that under certain circumstances, direct encounter between rival groups will reduce stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination, is termed ________ ? a. outgroup derogation hypothesis b. ingroup favouritism hypothesis c. contact hypothesis d. uncertainty hypothesis

c. contact hypothesis

When a manager wants to recruit or promote someone, s/he can give preferential treatment to individuals with a similar educational, social or cultural background to him/herself and therefore, will choose someone of his/her network. This will give the manager the false impression that s/he will be able to control how the other person behaves. What processes are at work here ? a. swing door effect b. reproduction and cooptation c. glass partition d. glass ceiling

b. reproduction and cooptation

Marx described the oppressive hierarchy of hegemonic group(s) dominating negative reference groups. In his examples the bourgeoisie (owning class) dominate the proletariat (working class) by controlling capital (the means of production), not paying workers enough, and so on… Which theory referring to group-based social hierarchies in societies could have been influenced by Marxist’s ideas ? a. Distinctiveness theory b. Uncertainty Reduction theory c. Terror Management theory d. Social dominance theory

d. Social dominance theory

/ If an African-American woman has recently had her femininity made salient to her, she will think more of herself as a woman than as an African-American at that particular time. To what concept could you refer to describe this reaction ? a. Uncertainty Reduction b. Distinctiveness c. Terror Management d. Social dominance

b. Distinctiveness

Individuals are more inclined to defend their cherished worldviews--as well as to perceive members of their own collective more favorably than members of other collectives--after they reflect upon their mortality; In other words, after mortality is primed, the traditional in-group bias is exacerbated. What does this definition refer to ? a. Distinctiveness theory b. Uncertainty Reduction theory c. Terror Management theory d. Social dominance theory

c. Terror Management theory

In Laurin, Kay, and Moscovitch’s study, when individuals receive information that implies that events might be random rather than structured, they become more inclined to believe the world is controlled by a God. This result could be explained by : a. Uncertainty Reduction theory b. Distinctiveness theory c. Terror Management theory d. Social dominance theory

a. Uncertainty Reduction theory

Bill has just been elected mayor; Bill's belief that homosexuals are abnormal is an example of ____?____. His refusal to marry them is an example of ____?_____. a. sexism; prejudice b. discrimination; prejudice c. a stereotype; discrimination d. sexism; prejudice

c. a stereotype; discrimination

The most likely predictor of the development of prejudice and discrimination between two groups is the degree of ___?___ between the groups. a. distance b. differences c. conflict d. Emotionality

c. conflict

Negative feelings toward Jews are an example of ____?____. Refusing to allow Jews to eat at your restaurant illustrates ____?____. a. discrimination, stereotyping b. stereotyping; prejudice c. prejudice; discrimination d. Pygmalion effect; stereotyping

c. prejudice; discrimination