Cytostatics - Side Effects

Question 1

High emetogenic cytostatics

Answer 1

> 90% probability.

Cisplatin (high dose), Cyclophosphamide (high dose), Carmustine, Dacarbazine.

Question 2

Moderate emetogenic cytostatics

Answer 2

30-90% probability.

Anthracyclines, Cyclophosphamide, Ifosphamide, Carboplatin, Melphalan

Question 3

Low emetogenic cytostatics

Answer 3

10-30% probability.

Taxanes, 5-FU, MTX

Question 4

Minimal emetogenic cytostatics

Answer 4

<10% probability.

Vinca Alkaloids, Bleomycine, Busulphane

Question 5

Cutaneous and mucosal side effects

Answer 5

• Mucositis of GIT:
- Bleomycin, Carboplatin, Vincristine/Vinblastine, Busulphan, Doxyrubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Paclitaxel.

• Alopecia:
- Paclitaxel, Anthracyclines. Permanent alopecia may cause Busulphan & Cyclophosphamide.

• Allergic reactions: Cisplatin
• Erythema multiforme: MTX
• Pigmentary changes: serpentine hyperpigmentation (5-FU), Busulfan-tan
• Photosensitivity (MTX)

Question 6

Organ toxicity according to Chemo-man

Answer 6

• Alopecia - Doxorubicin, Carboplatin
• Neurotoxicity - Vincristine/Vinblastine
• Corneal opacification - Tamoxifen
• Cardiotoxicity - Daunorubicine
• Pneumotoxicity - Bleomycin
• Hepatotoxicity - MTX
• Nephrotoxicity - Cisplatin
• Hemorrhagic cystitis - Cyclophosphamide