Cytoskeletal

Question 1

Describe the structure of the cytoskeleton.

Answer 1

• The cytoskeleton consists of a network of protein fibres
• Help maintain the shape
• Help support the cell

Question 2

What are microtubules and their function?

Answer 2

• Cylinders made up of the protein tubulin- which organelles and vesicles bind to
• Motor proteins pull in opposite directions
• This causes the microtubule to change length and move vesicles

Question 3

What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 3

• Movement of organelles within cells
  • Formation of cilia and flagella- allows movement across cell surfaces
  • Movement of chromosomes, chromatids, and mRNA.
  • Muscle contraction, phagocytosis, endocytosis, and exocytosis.

Question 4

What is the process of protein transport and secretion from a cell?

Answer 4

1. The nucleus contains the gene for the protein
2. Ribosomes on the rER are the site of protein synthesis
3. The protein is transported in vesicles
4. The Golgi apparatus processes, modifies, and repackages the protein
5. The vesicle fuses with the cell surface membrane
6. This allows secretion of the protein

Question 5

Why do goblet cells have large numbers of mitochondria?

Answer 5

To provide a lot of energy (ATP).

Question 6

How is the role of the Golgi Apparatus is relevant to the function of the goblet cell?

Answer 6

• It mainly processes and packages proteins.
• It plays a role in the secretion of mucus- exocytosis